scholarly journals Lower Extremity Muscle Strength and Risk of Self-Reported Hip or Knee Osteoarthritis

2004 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 321-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer M. Hootman ◽  
Shannon FitzGerald ◽  
Carol A. Macera ◽  
Steven N. Blair
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Quadriceps Strength ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Leg Press ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Lower Extremity Muscle ◽  
Longitudinal Association

Purpose:The purpose of this study was to investigate the gender-specific longitudinal association between quadriceps strength and self-reported, physician-diagnosed hip or knee osteoarthritis (OA).Methods:Subjects were 3081 community-dwelling adults who were free of OA, joint symptoms and injuries, completed a maximum treadmill exercise test, had isokinetic knee extension and flexion and isotonic leg press strength measurements taken at baseline and returned at least one written follow-up survey. Multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals.Results:Women with moderate or high isokinetic quadriceps strength had a significantly reduced risk (55% to 64%) of hip or knee OA. A similar, nonsignificant trend was noted among men. Moderate isotonic leg press strength was protective for hip or knee osteoarthritis among men only.Conclusions:These results suggest that quadriceps weakness is an independent and modifiable risk factor for lower extremity OA, particularly among women.

scholarly journals Influence of Lower-extremity Muscle Force, Muscle Mass and Asymmetry in Knee Extension Force on Gait Ability in Community-dwelling Elderly Women

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayato Nakao ◽  
Takahiro Yoshikawa ◽  
Tatsuya Mimura ◽  
Taketaka Hara ◽  
Katsuo Nishimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Muscle Force ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Lower Extremity Muscle ◽  
Extension Force

scholarly journals O05 How does radiographic knee OA impact musculoskeletal aging in midlife? Findings from the Hertfordshire Cohort study

Rheumatology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas R Fuggle ◽  
Michael Clynes ◽  
Faidra Laskou ◽  
Karen Jameson ◽  
Cyrus Cooper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Hand Osteoarthritis ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Hertfordshire Cohort Study ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Background With an aging population, the burden of musculoskeletal aging in joints, bones and muscles carries with it significant morbidity. Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint condition, and can be defined clinically or radiologically. Musculoskeletal aging in bone and muscle can be assessed through change in body composition, grip strength and physical performance. The aim of this study was to investigate whether a diagnosis of radiological knee OA impacted involution in muscle or bone in the midlife in a group of community-dwelling older adults in the UK. Methods Our study comprised 220 members of the Hertfordshire Cohort Study (118 males and 102 females), a group of community dwelling older adults in the United Kingdom. Knee radiographs were performed at baseline (1999-2003), with osteoarthritis defined as a Kellgren and Lawrence score ≥2. At baseline and follow-up (2017) questionnaires assessed physical activity and lifestyle factors; JAMAR dynamometry was performed to assess grip strength; 8 foot walk test was performed to assess gait speed and DXA was performed to assess bone mineral density at the hips and body composition. Linear regression was performed to analyse associations in males and females, before and after adjustment for follow-up time, lifestyle factors (including smoking, alcohol consumption, social class, calcium intake and physical activity), anthropometric measures (BMI) and HRT use and age at menopause in women. The development of hand osteoarthritis was adjusted for grip strength outcomes. Results The mean age of participants at baseline was 65.0 years. Median follow-up was 16.7 years (range 15.0-18.4 years). Knee osteoarthritis was present in 75 (34%) participants. Radiographic knee osteoarthritis status at baseline was significantly associated with grip strength (β=-3.2kg, -5.3 to -1.1, p < 0.01) at follow-up in females but not in males (β=-2.9, -5.8 to 0.1, p = 0.06). No significant associations between radiographic osteoarthritis status at baseline and other measures of sarcopenia (gait speed or lean mass) or bone mineral density were found in either sex. Conclusion Our findings demonstrate that the presence of knee osteoarthritis in midlife can have a substantial bearing on grip strength in women over 15 years later independent of the presence of hand osteoarthritis. Grip strength has been shown to correlate closely with lower limb strength and so the demonstrated association between grip strength and knee osteoarthritis is representative of a global weakness resulting from the disease. Reduction in grip strength has been associated with an increased risk of morbidity including falls and fractures. Thus, in order to countermand this association, it may be that concerted interventions (including physical therapy, strengthening and surgical intervention) should be recommended for those with knee osteoarthritis at this stage in the lifecourse. Of course, these findings require replication and validation in other cohorts. Disclosures N.R. Fuggle None. M. Clynes None. F. Laskou None. K. Jameson None. C. Cooper None. E. Dennison None.

scholarly journals Lower Extremity Muscle Function after Strength or Power Training in Older Adults

2009 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 416-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony P. Marsh ◽  
Michael E. Miller ◽  
W. Jack Rejeski ◽  
Stacy L. Hutton ◽  
Stephen B. Kritchevsky
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Power Training ◽  
Wait List Control ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Leg Press ◽  
Lower Extremity Muscle

It is unclear whether strength training (ST) or power training (PT) is the more effective intervention at improving muscle strength and power and physical function in older adults. The authors compared the effects of lower extremity PT with those of ST on muscle strength and power in 45 older adults (74.8 ± 5.7 yr) with self-reported difficulty in common daily activities. Participants were randomized to 1 of 3 treatment groups: PT, ST, or wait-list control. PT and ST trained 3 times/wk for 12 wk using knee-extension (KE) and leg-press (LP) machines at ~70% of 1-repetition maximum (1RM). For PT, the concentric phase of the KE and LP was completed “as fast as possible,” whereas for ST the concentric phase was 2–3 s. Both PT and ST paused briefly at the midpoint of the movement and completed the eccentric phase of the movement in 2–3 s. PT and ST groups showed significant improvements in KE and LP 1RM compared with the control group. Maximum KE and LP power increased approximately twofold in PT compared with ST. At 12 wk, compared with control, maximum KE and LP power were significantly increased for the PT group but not for the ST group. In older adults with compromised function, PT leads to similar increases in strength and larger increases in power than ST.

scholarly journals Long-term participation in community group exercise improves lower extremity muscle strength and delays age-related declines in walking speed and physical function in older adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chisato Hayashi ◽  
Soshiro Ogata ◽  
Tadashi Okano ◽  
Hiromitsu Toyoda ◽  
Sonoe Mashino
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Group Exercise ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Lower Extremity Muscle

Abstract Background The effects of group exercise on the physical function of community-dwelling older adults remain unclear. The changes in lower extremity muscle strength, timed up and go (TUG) time, and the motor fitness scale (MFS), over time, among older adults who expressed a willingness to participate in community-based physical exercise groups, were determined using multilevel modelling. Methods We analyzed data of 2407 older adults between April 2010 and December 2019 from the registry of physical tests of community-based physical exercise groups. We conducted a retrospective cohort study to assess the effect of physical exercise on lower extremity muscle strength, TUG time, and MFS scores. The durations of the exercises were evaluated by frequency of physical test’s participate. Results A deterioration in lower extremity muscle strength was found in the short-term participant group only. However, in the mid-term and long-term participation groups, lower extremity muscle strength showed a trend of improvement. The TUG time and the MFS score were negatively correlated with increasing age in both groups divided by the duration of participation. However, there was a slower rate of deterioration in the long-term participation group. Discussion Lower extremity muscle strength, TUG time, and MFS scores decline with increasing age and there were differences in the slope of deterioration that depended on the duration of participation in community-based group exercise. Conclusion Participation in group exercise improved lower extremity muscle strength, TUG time, and MFS scores of older adults living in a community. The positive effects of group exercise were dependent on long-term participation.

scholarly journals Six-minute walk distance predicts hospitalization in elderly peritoneal dialysis patients: a single-center prospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroki Yabe ◽  
Yuto Imoto ◽  
Ayaka Onoyama ◽  
Sayaka Ito ◽  
Kenichi Kono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Exercise Intolerance ◽  
Single Center ◽  
Walk Distance ◽  
Walk Speed ◽  
Lower Extremity Muscle

Abstract Background The risk of adverse events associated with peritoneal dialysis (PD) in elderly patients has not been thoroughly investigated. The purpose of this study was to assess the association between physical function and hospitalization in elderly PD patients. Methods This is a single-center prospective observational cohort study. Thirty-three aged patients (74.8 ± 5.9 years) participated in a 6-min walk distance, short physical performance battery (SPPB), lower extremity muscle strength, and 10-m walk speed. All subjects were followed until hospitalization to the end of the follow-up period. Results The 6-min walk distance was 332 ± 112.5 m; SPPB was 11 (8.3–12) points; the lower extremity muscle strength was 36.6 ± 9.6%; 10-m walk speed was 1.1± 0.2 m/s. During the follow-up, 19 patients (57.5%) were hospitalized. In the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and log-rank test, a lower 6-min walk distance and PD vintage were significantly associated with hospitalization (p<0.05). After adjustment for PD vintage in Cox proportional analysis, the 6-min walk distance remained associated with hospitalization (95% confidence interval, 0.98–0.99). Conclusion Lower exercise tolerance assessed by the 6-min walk distance was significantly associated with hospitalization in elderly PD patients. Our findings indicate that measurement and intervention of exercise intolerance are essential to predict the clinical outcomes of elderly PD patients. Trial registration This study was prospectively registered at inception in the UMIN Clinical Trials Registry under identification number UMIN000038405.

scholarly journals What’s the rate of knee osteoarthritis 10 years after anterior cruciate ligament injury? An updated systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (18) ◽  
pp. 1162-1167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marthe Mehus Lie ◽  
May Arna Risberg ◽  
Kjersti Storheim ◽  
Lars Engebretsen ◽  
Britt Elin Øiestad
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Methodological Quality ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Acl Tear ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Symptomatic Knee ◽  
Anterior Cruciate

BackgroundThis updated systematic review reports data from 2009 on the prevalence, and risk factors, for knee osteoarthritis (OA) more than 10 years after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear.MethodsWe systematically searched five databases (PubMed, EMBASE, AMED, Cinahl and SPORTDiscus) for prospective and retrospective studies published after 1 August 2008. Studies were included if they investigated participants with ACL tear (isolated or in combination with medial collateral ligament and/or meniscal injuries) and reported symptomatic and/or radiographic OA at a minimum of 10 years postinjury. We used a modified version of the Downs and Black checklist for methodological quality assessment and narrative synthesis to report results. The study protocol was registered in PROSPERO.ResultsForty-one studies were included. Low methodological quality was revealed in over half of the studies. At inclusion, age ranged from 23 to 38 years, and at follow-up from 31 to 51 years. Sample sizes ranged from 18 to 780 participants. The reported radiographic OA prevalence varied between 0% and 100% >10 years after injury, regardless of follow-up time. The studies with low and high methodological quality reported a prevalence of radiographic OA between 0%–100% and 1%–80%, respectively. One study reported symptomatic knee OA for the tibiofemoral (TF) joint (35%), and one study reported symptomatic knee OA for the patellofemoral (PF) joint (15%). Meniscectomy was the only consistent risk factor determined from the data synthesis.ConclusionRadiographic knee OA varied between 0% and 100% in line with our previous systematic review from 2009. Symptomatic and radiographic knee OA was differentiated in two studies only, with a reported symptomatic OA prevalence of 35% for the TF joint and 15% for PF joint. Future cohort studies need to include measurement of symptomatic knee OA in this patient group.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42016042693.

scholarly journals Associations of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components with the Risk of Incident Knee Osteoarthritis Leading to Hospitalization: A 32-Year Follow-up Study

Cartilage ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 194760351989473
Author(s):  
Sanna Konstari ◽  
Katri Sääksjärvi ◽  
Markku Heliövaara ◽  
Harri Rissanen ◽  
Paul Knekt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Full Model ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome Components ◽  
Reduced Risk

Objectives To examine whether metabolic syndrome or its individual components predict the risk of incident knee osteoarthritis (OA) in a prospective cohort study during a 32-year follow-up period. Design The cohort consisted of 6274 participants of the Mini-Finland Health Survey, who were free from knee OA and insulin-treated diabetes at baseline. Information on the baseline characteristics, including metabolic syndrome components, hypertension, elevated fasting glucose, elevated triglycerides, reduced high-density lipoprotein, and central obesity were collected during a health examination. We drew information on the incidence of clinical knee OA from the national Care Register for Health Care. Of the participants, 459 developed incident knee OA. In our full model, age, gender, body mass index, history of physical workload, smoking history, knee complaint, and previous injury of the knee were entered as potential confounding factors. Results Having metabolic syndrome at baseline was not associated with an increased risk of incident knee OA. In the full model, the hazard ratio for incident knee OA for those with metabolic syndrome was 0.76 (95% confidence interval [0.56, 1.01]). The number of metabolic syndrome components or any individual component did not predict an increased risk of knee OA. Of the components, elevated plasma fasting glucose was associated with a reduced risk of incident knee OA (hazard ratio 0.71, 95% confidence interval [0.55, 0.91]). Conclusions Our findings do not support the hypothesis that metabolic syndrome or its components increase the risk of incident knee OA. In fact, elevated fasting glucose levels seemed to predict a reduced risk.

scholarly journals QUADRICEPS STRENGTH IS ASSOCIATED WITH COGNITION IN OLDER ADULTS WITH CHRONIC STROKE

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S655-S656
Author(s):  
Kimberly Bennett ◽  
Rachel A Crockett ◽  
Lisanne F ten Brinke ◽  
Jennifer C Davis ◽  
Teresa Liu-Ambrose
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Quadriceps Strength ◽  
Chronic Stroke ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Total Variance ◽  
Disease Assessment ◽  
Lower Extremity Muscle ◽  
History Of ◽  
Variance Explained

Abstract Individuals who have suffered a stroke are at risk for developing cognitive impairment and dementia. Thus, it is important to identify modifiable risk factor for cognitive decline in this population. Among older adults without a history of stroke, greater muscle strength is associated with better cognitive function. Whether this relationship also exist in older adults with a history of stroke is not known. Thus, we aimed to examine whether cognition, as measured by both the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and the 13-item Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive (ADAS-Cog 13), is associated with lower extremity muscle strength in adults with chronic stroke (&gt; 1 year post stroke). Ninety-one community-dwelling adults, aged 55 years and older, with chronic stroke were included in this analysis. Isometric strength of the quadriceps was measured bilaterally in kilograms. Two linear regression models were constructed to determine the independent association of quadriceps strength (mean kilograms of both legs) with: 1) MoCA; and 2) ADAS-Cog 13, after controlling for age, sex, and mood. Mean quadriceps strength was independently associated with both MoCA and ADAS-Cog scores, after accounting for age, sex, and mood. Specifically, quadriceps strength explained an additional 5.6% of the variable in MoCA scores; total variance explained by the model was 12.0%. For ADAS-Cog 13, quadriceps strength explained an additional 5.4% of the variance; total variance explained by the model was 16.5%. Our current cross-sectional results suggest that the maintenance of muscle strength may be important for cognitive health in older adults who have suffered a stroke.

The Relationship Between Early-Stage Knee Osteoarthritis and Lower-Extremity Alignment, Joint Laxity, and Subjective Scores of Pain, Stiffness, and Function

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-218
Author(s):  
Charlie A. Hicks-Little ◽  
Richard D. Peindl ◽  
Tricia J. Hubbard-Turner ◽  
Mitchell L. Cordova
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Joint Laxity ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Lower Extremity Alignment ◽  
Knee Joint Laxity ◽  
And Function

Context:Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a debilitating disease that affects an estimated 27 million Americans. Changes in lowerextremity alignment and joint laxity have been found to redistribute the medial and/or lateral loads at the joint. However, the effect that changes in anteroposterior knee-joint laxity have on lower-extremity alignment and function in individuals with knee OA remains unclear.Objective:To examine anteroposterior knee-joint laxity, lower-extremity alignment, and subjective pain, stiffness, and function scores in individuals with early-stage knee OA and matched controls and to determine if a relationship exists among these measures.Design:Case control.Setting:Sports-medicine research laboratory.Participants:18 participants with knee OA and 18 healthy matched controls.Intervention:Participants completed the Western Ontario McMaster (WOMAC) osteoarthritis questionnaire and were tested for total anteroposterior knee-joint laxity (A-P) and knee-joint alignment (ALIGN).Main Outcome Measures:WOMAC scores, A-P (mm), and ALIGN (°).Results:A significant multivariate main effect for group (Wilks’ Λ = 0.30, F7,26 = 8.58, P < .0001) was found. Knee-OA participants differed in WOMAC scores (P < .0001) but did not differ from healthy controls on ALIGN (P = .49) or total A-P (P = .66). No significant relationships were identified among main outcome measures.Conclusion:These data demonstrate that participants with early-stage knee OA had worse pain, stiffness, and functional outcome scores than the matched controls; however, ALIGN and A-P were no different. There was no association identified among participants’ subjective scores, ALIGN, or A-P measures in this study.

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