HIV Infection: Risk, Right to Know, and Requirement to Divulge

1996 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 49-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gopal Sankaran ◽  
Karin A.E. Volkwein ◽  
Dale R. Bonsall
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Infection Risk ◽  
Right To Know ◽  
Hiv Infection Risk

scholarly journals Risk of Subsequent HIV Infection Following Sexually Transmissible Infections Among Men Who Have Sex With Men

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brendan L Harney ◽  
Paul A Agius ◽  
Carol El-Hayek ◽  
Christopher K Fairley ◽  
Eric P F Chow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Infection Risk ◽  
Linear Modeling ◽  
Sexually Transmissible Infections ◽  
History Of ◽  
Test Event ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Hiv Infection Risk

Abstract Background HIV and bacterial sexually transmissible infection (STI) notifications among men who have sex with men (MSM) have increased in Australia and many other countries. The relationship between HIV infection and other STIs has been demonstrated previously. However, the relationship between the cumulative history of STIs and subsequent HIV infection remains largely unexplored and limits our understanding of the mechanisms underpinning the elevated HIV risk. Methods Data from HIV-negative MSM who attended high–HIV caseload primary care clinics in Melbourne, Australia, from 2007 to 2014 with 2 or more HIV and STI tests were included. Controlling for sexual behaviors self-reported at clinic visits, discrete time survival analyses using generalized linear modeling estimated the effect of an STI at the prior test event and the cumulative history of STIs (none, 1, 2, or more [repeated]) on risk of HIV infection. Results A total of 8941 MSM met the study criteria; 227 (2.5%) were diagnosed with HIV over the follow-up period. Adjusting for sexual behaviors, a cumulative history of repeated rectal gonorrhea infections (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 6.27; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.68–14.50) and a single rectal gonorrhea infection (aHR, 2.09; 95% CI, 1.15–3.79) were associated with increased HIV infection risk. Conclusions Repeated and single rectal gonorrhea infections were independently associated with increased HIV infection risk. These findings suggest that MSM with any history of rectal gonorrhea, particularly repeat rectal gonorrhea, represent a group for whom preventive interventions for HIV should be emphasized.

Occupational HIV infection risk

The Lancet ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 335 (8697) ◽  
pp. 1104-1105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mike Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Infection Risk ◽  
Hiv Infection Risk

scholarly journals Revisiting the Correlate of Reduced HIV Infection Risk in the Rv144 Vaccine Trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 93 (17) ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Zolla-Pazner ◽  
Peter B. Gilbert
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Nonhuman Primates ◽  
Vaccine Trial ◽  
Passive Immunization ◽  
Initial Study ◽  
Infection Risk ◽  
Active Immunization ◽  
Initial Finding ◽  
Rv144 Vaccine ◽  
Hiv Infection Risk

ABSTRACT The RV144 vaccine trial is the only clinical study to have shown a modest but statistically significant decrease in HIV infection risk. RV144 and the subsequent studies identifying the level of V1V2-specific antibodies as a correlate of reduced infection risk are still controversial despite many papers supporting and expanding the initial study. We address these controversies and summarize active-immunization and passive-immunization experiments in nonhuman primates that support the initial finding.

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