Contribution of laryngeal size to differences between male and female voice production

2021 ◽  
Vol 150 (6) ◽  
pp. 4511-4521
Author(s):  
Zhaoyan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Female Voice ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Voice Production

Operant Preferences for Male and Female Voices by Profoundly Retarded Males

1975 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 891-894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tad Uno ◽  
Alan L. Seitel ◽  
Charles C. Cleland
Keyword(s):  
Visual Stimuli ◽  
Mentally Retarded ◽  
Female Voice ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Voices

Previous studies of preferences of the profoundly mentally retarded have indicated that complex visual stimuli are more effective in eliciting responses than are auditory or simple stimuli. Male and female voices were used to determine preference for voice. Profoundly retarded adults (mean Social Quotient of 11.7) were first exposed to a situation where button pressing resulted in either a 250- or a 2000-Hz tone and then to a situation in which a male and female voice was associated with each button. Statistically significant differential preference was not exhibited to either type of stimulus although the female voice did appear more effective.

scholarly journals アニメにおける声質に対する印象の調査：日常場面およびドラマとの比較

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daisuke Hayashi ◽  
Takayuki Osugi
Keyword(s):  
Daily Life ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Factorial Analysis ◽  
Female Voice ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Higher Power ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Voice ◽  
General Perspective

When we listen to someone's voice, we estimate various speaker characteristics, such as one's personality and emotion, based on voice qualities. Previous studies have shown that voice qualities in anime are typically different from those in daily life. Although such studies analyzed various physical characteristics of voices in a particular anime, it is still unknown about impressions about voice qualities in anime from a more general perspective. In the present study, we compared impressions about voice qualities in three different situations: daily life, drama, and anime. Also, impressions of male and female voices were explored separately. Participants were instructed to assume the voice of each sex in each situation and asked to show their impression about voice qualities with various words. We conducted the factorial analysis and revealed that voice qualities could be explained in four factors: power, hoarseness, pitch, and brightness. The further analysis showed that participants had different impressions between three situations and sex. The impression about voice qualities in anime showed higher power, pitch, and brightness, whereas hoarseness was lower. We discuss the relationship between such impressions about voice qualities and known physical characteristics of voices in acting situations. Also, there were differences in impressions about voice qualities between sex: the female voice was thought to have higher power, pitch, and brightness while hoarseness was lower. Such results are discussed based on the physiological differences between sex. Finally, we discuss the limitations of the present study and possible future directions of researches on impressions to voice qualities.

Sexe-Invloeden Bij De Beoordeling Van Stem En Uitspraak

1981 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 146-156
Author(s):  
L.W.A. van Herpt ◽  
W.P.F. Fagel
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scales ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Female Voice ◽  
Practical Reasons ◽  
Male Voice ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Speech ◽  
Male Speaker ◽  
Pencil And Paper ◽  
The Ideal

In an attempt to develop a standardized instrument to measure subjective voice and pronunciation quality a sample op 35 bipolar seven-point scales was selected and tested for reliability among raters by a preliminary pencil-and-paper investigation. Different groups of subjects were asked to rate the ideal male voice, the ideal female voice, and their own voice on each of the 35 items. The contribution of different subject factors to the variance in the ratings of each concept on each scale separately was established. One of those factors was sex of the rater. For practical reasons, we want this nascent instrument to be equally applicable for male and female speakers. We therefore studied the differences between mean ratings for ideal male speaker and ideal female speaker on each of the scales as well. The results show (1) many significant differences between perceived ideal male and ideal female voice, which qualitatively are rather inde-pendent of the sex of the informant; quantitatively female raters show a tendency to make smaller differences between male and female ideal speaker on the rating scales; (2) male and female raters often differ significantly in their judgment of ideal male voice alone or of ideal female voice alone; where this is the case, the mean judgment of the female raters practically always stands on a more 'extreme' point of the rating scale; (3) male and female raters often differ significantly in the ratings of their own voice; in general, the differences between own voice ratings by males and females on the 35 rating scales are qualitatively the same as those between ratings of male and female ideal voice respectively. These results were compared with Kramer's (1977) study on perceptions of (typical) male and female speech. It is concluded that the same stereo-types play a part in our subject's ideal and self ratings as in the 'typical speech' ratings of Kramer's subjects.

scholarly journals Continuous Vocal Fry Simulated in Laboratory Subjects: A Preliminary Report on Voice Production and Listener Ratings

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 1539-1545
Author(s):  
Anumitha Venkatraman ◽  
M. Preeti Sivasankar
Keyword(s):  
Voice Quality ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Voice Production ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Visual Analog Scales ◽  
Phonation Threshold Pressure ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Vocal Effort ◽  
Cepstral Peak Prominence ◽  
Listener Ratings

Purpose Vocal fry is prevalent in everyday speech. However, whether the use of vocal fry is detrimental to voice production is unclear. This preliminary study assessed the effects of using continuous vocal fry on voice production measures and listener ratings. Method Ten healthy individuals (equal male and female, mean age = 22.4 years) completed 2 counterbalanced sessions. In each session, participants read in continuous vocal fry or habitual voice quality for 30 min at a comfortable intensity. Continuous vocal fry was simulated. Phonation threshold pressure (PTP 10 and PTP 20 ), cepstral peak prominence, and vocal effort ratings were obtained before and after the production of each voice quality. Next, 10 inexperienced listeners (equal male and female, mean age = 24.1 years) used visual analog scales to rate paired samples of continuous vocal fry and habitual voice quality for naturalness, employability, and amount of listener concentration. Results PTP 10 and vocal effort ratings increased after 30 min of continuous vocal fry. Inexperienced listeners rated continuous vocal fry more negatively than the habitual voice quality. Conclusions Thirty minutes of simulated, continuous vocal fry worsened some voice measures when compared with a habitual voice quality. Samples of continuous vocal fry were rated as significantly less employable, less natural, and requiring greater listener concentration as compared with samples of habitual voice quality. Future studies should include habitual users of vocal fry to investigate speech stimulability and adaptation with cueing to further understand pathogenesis of vocal fry.

scholarly journals Classification of Javanese Script Hanacara Voice Using Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficient MFCC and Selection of Dominant Weight Features

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-93
Author(s):  
Heriyanto Heriyanto ◽  
Tenia Wahyuningrum ◽  
Gita Fadila Fitriana
Keyword(s):  
Feature Extraction ◽  
Speech Recognition ◽  
Female Voice ◽  
Dominant Weight ◽  
Accuracy Rate ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The Right ◽  
Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficient ◽  
Selection Of

This study investigates the sound of Hanacaraka in Javanese to select the best frame feature in checking the reading sound. Selection of the right frame feature is needed in speech recognition because certain frames have accuracy at their dominant weight, so it is necessary to match frames with the best accuracy. Common and widely used feature extraction models include the Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficient (MFCC). The MFCC method has an accuracy of 50% to 60%. This research uses MFCC and the selection of Dominant Weight features for the Javanese language script sound Hanacaraka which produces a frame and cepstral coefficient as feature extraction. The use of the cepstral coefficient ranges from 0 to 23 or as many as 24 cepstral coefficients. In comparison, the captured frame consists of 0 to 10 frames or consists of eleven frames. A sound sampling of 300 recorded voice sampling was tested on 300 voice recordings of both male and female voice recordings. The frequency used is 44,100 kHz 16-bit stereo. The accuracy results show that the MFCC method with the ninth frame selection has a higher accuracy rate of 86% than other frames.

Domestic dogs match human male voices to faces, but not for females

Behaviour ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 152 (11) ◽  
pp. 1585-1600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Hooi Yong ◽  
Ted Ruffman
Keyword(s):  
Discrimination Task ◽  
Domestic Dogs ◽  
Female Voice ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Human Male

Dogs can match human genders when viewing a live person with vocal playback in a cross-modal discrimination task. In addition, dogs behave differently towards a live human male, with more defensive aggression shown towards human males compared to females. We investigated whether domestic dogs could gender-match a human male or female voice to a still face presented on a computer monitor. Forty-five dogs were presented pairs of male and female faces displaying neutral expressions, while listening to either a male or female voice uttering a sentence in a neutral voice. We measured their looking time at the matching and non-matching faces. While dogs showed some evidence of matching male faces to voices, this was not the case for female stimuli. Our findings support previous studies that dogs are more vigilant with males than females.

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