Geoacoustic inversion using explosive air gun signals received by a single hydrophone in the East Siberian Sea, Arctic Ocean

2021 ◽  
Vol 150 (4) ◽  
pp. A115-A115
Author(s):  
Dae Hyeok Lee ◽  
Jee Woong Choi ◽  
Dong-Gyun Han ◽  
Hyoung Sul La ◽  
Eun Jin Yang
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Geoacoustic Inversion ◽  
Air Gun ◽  
East Siberian Sea

scholarly journals Accurate measurements of atmospheric carbon dioxide and methane mole fractions at the Siberian coastal site Ambarchik

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Friedemann Reum ◽  
Mathias Göckede ◽  
Jost V. Lavric ◽  
Olaf Kolle ◽  
Sergey Zimov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Monitoring Network ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Data Quality Control ◽  
In Situ Data ◽  
Northeastern Siberia ◽  
East Siberian Sea ◽  
The Arctic Ocean ◽  
Atmospheric Carbon

Abstract. Sparse data coverage in the Arctic hampers our understanding of its carbon cycle dynamics and our predictions of the fate of its vast carbon reservoirs in a changing climate. In this paper, we present accurate measurements of atmospheric CO2 and CH4 dry air mole fractions at the new atmospheric carbon observation station Ambarchik, which closes a large gap in the atmospheric trace gas monitoring network in northeastern Siberia. The site, operational since August 2014, is located near the delta of the Kolyma River at the coast of the Arctic Ocean. Data quality control of CO2 and CH4 measurements includes frequent calibrations traced to WMO scales, employment of a novel water vapor correction, an algorithm to detect influence of local polluters, and meteorological measurements that enable data selection. The available CO2 and CH4 record was characterized in comparison with in situ data from Barrow, Alaska. A footprint analysis reveals that the station is sensitive to signals from the East Siberian Sea, as well as northeast Siberian tundra and taiga regions. This makes data from Ambarchik highly valuable for inverse modeling studies aimed at constraining carbon budgets within the pan-Arctic domain, as well as for regional studies focusing on Siberia and the adjacent shelf areas of the Arctic Ocean.

scholarly journals On the circulation, water mass distribution, and nutrient concentrations of the western Chukchi Sea

Ocean Science ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-49
Author(s):  
Jaclyn Clement Kinney ◽  
Karen M. Assmann ◽  
Wieslaw Maslowski ◽  
Göran Björk ◽  
Martin Jakobsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Modelling ◽  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Dissolved Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Chukchi Sea ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Sediment Surface ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Bering Strait ◽  
East Siberian Sea ◽  
The Arctic Ocean

Abstract. Substantial amounts of nutrients and carbon enter the Arctic Ocean from the Pacific Ocean through the Bering Strait, distributed over three main pathways. Water with low salinities and nutrient concentrations takes an eastern route along the Alaskan coast, as Alaskan Coastal Water. A central pathway exhibits intermediate salinity and nutrient concentrations, while the most nutrient-rich water enters the Bering Strait on its western side. Towards the Arctic Ocean, the flow of these water masses is subject to strong topographic steering within the Chukchi Sea with volume transport modulated by the wind field. In this contribution, we use data from several sections crossing Herald Canyon collected in 2008 and 2014 together with numerical modelling to investigate the circulation and transport in the western part of the Chukchi Sea. We find that a substantial fraction of water from the Chukchi Sea enters the East Siberian Sea south of Wrangel Island and circulates in an anticyclonic direction around the island. This water then contributes to the high-nutrient waters of Herald Canyon. The bottom of the canyon has the highest nutrient concentrations, likely as a result of addition from the degradation of organic matter at the sediment surface in the East Siberian Sea. The flux of nutrients (nitrate, phosphate, and silicate) and dissolved inorganic carbon in Bering Summer Water and Winter Water is computed by combining hydrographic and nutrient observations with geostrophic transport referenced to lowered acoustic Doppler current profiler (LADCP) and surface drift data. Even if there are some general similarities between the years, there are differences in both the temperature–salinity and nutrient characteristics. To assess these differences, and also to get a wider temporal and spatial view, numerical modelling results are applied. According to model results, high-frequency variability dominates the flow in Herald Canyon. This leads us to conclude that this region needs to be monitored over a longer time frame to deduce the temporal variability and potential trends.

Gas-Geochemical Parameters of Bottom Sediments in the Northern Part of the East Siberian Sea and Podvodnikov Basin of the Arctic Ocean

2020 ◽  
Vol 492 (1) ◽  
pp. 382-386
Author(s):  
A. I. Gresov ◽  
V. I. Sergienko ◽  
A. V. Yatsuk ◽  
N. V. Zarubina ◽  
V. V Kalinchuk
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Geochemical Parameters ◽  
East Siberian Sea ◽  
The Arctic Ocean

scholarly journals Summer-to-Winter Sea-Ice Linkage between the Arctic Ocean and the Okhotsk Sea through Atmospheric Circulation

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (12) ◽  
pp. 4971-4979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masayo Ogi ◽  
Bunmei Taguchi ◽  
Meiji Honda ◽  
David G. Barber ◽  
Søren Rysgaard
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Atmospheric Circulation ◽  
Arctic Sea Ice ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Okhotsk Sea ◽  
Regional Variability ◽  
Sea Ice Extent ◽  
East Siberian Sea ◽  
The Arctic Ocean

Abstract Contemporary climate science seeks to understand the rate and magnitude of a warming global climate and how it impacts regional variability and teleconnections. One of the key drivers of regional climate is the observed reduction in end of summer sea-ice extent over the Arctic. Here the authors show that interannual variations between the September Arctic sea-ice concentration, especially in the East Siberian Sea, and the maximum Okhotsk sea-ice extent in the following winter are positively correlated, which is not explained by the recent warming trend only. An increase of sea ice both in the East Siberian Sea and the Okhotsk Sea and corresponding atmospheric patterns, showing a seesaw between positive anomalies of sea level pressures over the Arctic Ocean and negative anomalies over the midlatitudes, are related to cold anomalies over the high-latitude Eurasian continent. The patterns of atmospheric circulation and air temperatures are similar to those of the annually integrated Arctic Oscillation (AO). The negative annual AO forms colder anomalies in autumn sea surface temperatures both over the East Siberian Sea and the Okhotsk Sea, which causes heavy sea-ice conditions in both seas through season-to-season persistence.

The Pacific-Atlantic Front in the East Siberian Sea of the Arctic Ocean

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew B. Alkire ◽  
Robert Rember ◽  
Igor Polyakov
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
East Siberian Sea ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Arctic Ocean

scholarly journals Interannual variability of air-sea CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes and carbon system in the East Siberian Sea

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 1987-2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. I. Pipko ◽  
I. P. Semiletov ◽  
S. P. Pugach ◽  
I. Wåhlström ◽  
L. G. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Primary Production ◽  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Coastal Erosion ◽  
Co2 Flux ◽  
Atmospheric Co2 ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Flux Dynamics ◽  
East Siberian Sea ◽  
The Arctic Ocean ◽  
Carbon System

Abstract. Over the past couple of decades it has become apparent that air-land-sea interactions in the Arctic have a substantial impact on the composition of the overlying atmosphere (ACIA, 2004). The Arctic Ocean is small (only ~4 % of the total World Ocean), but it is surrounded by offshore and onshore permafrost which is thawing at increasing rates under warming conditions, releasing carbon dioxide (CO2) into the water and atmosphere. The Arctic Ocean shelf where the most intensive biogeochemical processes have occurred occupies 1/3 of the ocean. The East Siberian Sea (ESS) shelf is the shallowest and widest shelf among the Arctic seas, and the least studied. The objective of this study was to highlight the importance of different factors that impact the carbon system (CS) as well as the CO2 flux dynamics in the ESS. CS variables were measured in the ESS in September 2003 and, 2004 and in late August–September 2008. It was shown that the western part of the ESS represents a river- and coastal-erosion-dominated heterotrophic ocean margin that is a source for atmospheric CO2. The eastern part of the ESS is a Pacific-water-dominated autotrophic area, which acts as a sink for atmospheric CO2. Our results indicate that the year-to-year dynamics of the partial pressure of CO2 in the surface water as well as the air-sea flux of CO2 varies substantially. In one year the ESS shelf was mainly heterotrophic and served as a moderate summertime source of CO2 (year 2004). In another year gross primary production exceeded community respiration in a relatively large part of the ESS and the ESS shelf was only a weak source of CO2 into the atmosphere (year 2008). It was shown that many factors impact the CS and CO2 flux dynamics (such as river runoff, coastal erosion, primary production/respiration, etc.), but they were mainly determined by the interplay and distribution of water masses that are basically influenced by the atmospheric circulation. In this contribution the air-sea CO2 fluxes were evaluated in the ESS based on measured CS characteristics, and summertime fluxes were estimated. It was shown that the total ESS shelf is a net source of CO2 for the atmosphere in a range of 0.4 × 1012 to 2.3 × 1012 g C.

scholarly journals Atmosphere–ocean exchange of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the Russian Arctic Ocean

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaowen Ji ◽  
Evgeny Abakumov ◽  
Xianchuan Xie
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Wet Deposition ◽  
Barents Sea ◽  
Kara Sea ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Russian Arctic ◽  
East Siberian Sea ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Abstract. Heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) can greatly influence biotic activities and organic sources in the ocean. However, fluxes of these compounds as well as their fate, transport, and net input in the Arctic Ocean have not been thoroughly assessed. During April–November of the 2016 Russian High Latitude Expedition, 51 air (gases, aerosols, wet deposition) and water samples were collected from the Russian Arctic within the Barents Sea, Kara Sea, Leptev Sea, and East Siberian Sea. Here, we report on the Russian Arctic assessment of the occurrence in dry and wet deposition of 35 PAHs and 9 metals (Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn, Ni, and Hg), as well as the atmosphere–ocean fluxes of 35 PAHs and Hg0. We observed that Hg was mainly in the gas phase and Pb was most abundant in the gas phase compared with the aerosol and dissolved water phases. Mn, Fe, Pb, and Zn showed apparently higher levels than the other metals in the three phases. According to the results for the 35 detected PAHs, the concentrations of PAHs in aerosols and the dissolved water phase were about one magnitude higher than those in gas. The abundances of higher molecular weight PAHs were highest in the aerosols. Higher levels of both heavy metals and PAHs were observed in the Barents Sea, Kara Sea, and East Siberian Sea, which were close to areas with urban and industrial sites. Diagnostic ratios of phenanthrene / anthracene to fluoranthene / pyrene showed a pyrogenic source for the aerosols and gases, while the patterns for the dissolved water phase were indicative of both petrogenic and pyrogenic sources; pyrogenic sources were most prevalent in the Kara Sea and Leptev Sea. These differences between air and seawater reflect the different sources of PAHs through atmospheric transport, which included anthropogenic sources for gases and aerosols and mixtures of anthropogenic and biogenic sources along the continent in the Russian Arctic. The average dry deposition of ∑9metals and ∑35PAHs was 1749 ng m−2 d−1 and 1108 ng m−2 d−1, respectively. The average wet deposition of ∑9metals and ∑35PAHs was 33.29 μg m−2 d−1 and 221.31 μg m−2 d−1, respectively. For the atmosphere–sea exchange, the monthly atmospheric input of ∑35PAHs was estimated at 1040 tonnes. The monthly atmospheric Hg input was approximately 530 tonnes. These additional inputs of hazardous compounds may be disturbing the biochemical cycles in the Arctic Ocean.

scholarly journals Shipborne eddy covariance observations of methane fluxes constrain Arctic sea emissions

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. eaay7934 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brett F. Thornton ◽  
John Prytherch ◽  
Kristian Andersson ◽  
Ian M. Brooks ◽  
Dominic Salisbury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Eddy Covariance ◽  
Noise Level ◽  
Laptev Sea ◽  
East Siberian Sea ◽  
Arctic Sea ◽  
Emission Estimate ◽  
Methane Fluxes ◽  
The Laptev Sea

We demonstrate direct eddy covariance (EC) observations of methane (CH4) fluxes between the sea and atmosphere from an icebreaker in the eastern Arctic Ocean. EC-derived CH4 emissions averaged 4.58, 1.74, and 0.14 mg m−2 day−1 in the Laptev, East Siberian, and Chukchi seas, respectively, corresponding to annual sea-wide fluxes of 0.83, 0.62, and 0.03 Tg year−1. These EC results answer concerns that previous diffusive emission estimates, which excluded bubbling, may underestimate total emissions. We assert that bubbling dominates sea-air CH4 fluxes in only small constrained areas: A ~100-m2 area of the East Siberian Sea showed sea-air CH4 fluxes exceeding 600 mg m−2 day−1; in a similarly sized area of the Laptev Sea, peak CH4 fluxes were ~170 mg m−2 day−1. Calculating additional emissions below the noise level of our EC system suggests total ESAS CH4 emissions of 3.02 Tg year−1, closely matching an earlier diffusive emission estimate of 2.9 Tg year−1.

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