Detection and intensity discrimination of a sinusoid with and without masker uncertainty

2019 ◽  
Vol 145 (3) ◽  
pp. 1719-1719
Author(s):  
Christopher Conroy ◽  
Christine Mason ◽  
Gerald Kidd
Keyword(s):  
Intensity Discrimination

Auditory Training to Improve Speech Perception and Self-Efficacy in Aging Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 1270-1281
Author(s):  
Leah Fostick ◽  
Riki Taitelbaum-Swead ◽  
Shulamith Kreitler ◽  
Shelly Zokraut ◽  
Miriam Billig
Keyword(s):  
Speech Perception ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Temporal Order Judgment ◽  
Auditory Training ◽  
Intensity Discrimination ◽  
Training Design ◽  
Auditory Temporal Processing ◽  
Temporal Properties ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Aging Adults

Purpose Difficulty in understanding spoken speech is a common complaint among aging adults, even when hearing impairment is absent. Correlational studies point to a relationship between age, auditory temporal processing (ATP), and speech perception but cannot demonstrate causality unlike training studies. In the current study, we test (a) the causal relationship between a spatial–temporal ATP task (temporal order judgment [TOJ]) and speech perception among aging adults using a training design and (b) whether improvement in aging adult speech perception is accompanied by improved self-efficacy. Method Eighty-two participants aged 60–83 years were randomly assigned to a group receiving (a) ATP training (TOJ) over 14 days, (b) non-ATP training (intensity discrimination) over 14 days, or (c) no training. Results The data showed that TOJ training elicited improvement in all speech perception tests, which was accompanied by increased self-efficacy. Neither improvement in speech perception nor self-efficacy was evident following non-ATP training or no training. Conclusions There was no generalization of the improvement resulting from TOJ training to intensity discrimination or generalization of improvement resulting from intensity discrimination training to speech perception. These findings imply that the effect of TOJ training on speech perception is specific and such improvement is not simply the product of generally improved auditory perception. It provides support for the idea that temporal properties of speech are indeed crucial for speech perception. Clinically, the findings suggest that aging adults can be trained to improve their speech perception, specifically through computer-based auditory training, and this may improve perceived self-efficacy.

scholarly journals Task-dependent effects of nicotine treatment on auditory performance in young-adult and elderly human nonsmokers

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuping Sun ◽  
Michelle R. Kapolowicz ◽  
Matthew Richardson ◽  
Raju Metherate ◽  
Fan-Gang Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Modulation ◽  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Frequency Discrimination ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Intensity Discrimination ◽  
Modulation Identification ◽  
Baseline Performance ◽  
Auditory Performance ◽  
Pre Treatment

AbstractElectrophysiological studies show that nicotine enhances neural responses to characteristic frequency stimuli. Previous behavioral studies partially corroborate these findings in young adults, showing that nicotine selectively enhances auditory processing in difficult listening conditions. The present work extended previous work to include both young and older adults and assessed the nicotine effect on sound frequency and intensity discrimination. Hypotheses were that nicotine improves auditory performance and that the degree of improvement is inversely proportional to baseline performance. Young (19–23 years old) normal-hearing nonsmokers and elderly (61–80) nonsmokers with normal hearing between 500 and 2000 Hz received nicotine gum (6 mg) or placebo gum in a single-blind, randomized crossover design. Participants performed three experiments (frequency discrimination, frequency modulation identification, and intensity discrimination) before and after treatment. The perceptual differences were analyzed between pre- and post-treatment, as well as between post-treatment nicotine and placebo conditions as a function of pre-treatment baseline performance. Compared to pre-treatment performance, nicotine significantly improved frequency discrimination. Compared to placebo, nicotine significantly improved performance for intensity discrimination, and the improvement was more pronounced in the elderly with lower baseline performance. Nicotine had no effect on frequency modulation identification. Nicotine effects are task-dependent, reflecting possible interplays of subjects, tasks and neural mechanisms.

scholarly journals FREQUENCY OF SEEING FUNCTIONS FOR INTENSITY DISCRIMINATION AT VARIOUS LEVELS OF ADAPTING INTENSITY

1951 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 463-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Conrad G. Mueller
Keyword(s):  
Human Subject ◽  
Intensity Discrimination ◽  
Quantum Theories ◽  
Foveal Stimulation

1. The percentage of times a human subject detects an increment (ΔI) in intensity was determined as a function of the magnitude of the increment and the magnitude of the stimulus (I) to which the increment is added. 2. Foveal stimulation was used, and five frequency of seeing curves were obtained at each of nine values of adapting intensity covering the range from –1.45 to 4.45 log photons. Each frequency of seeing curve shows the percentage of times an increment in intensity is detected as a function of the logarithm of the increment. 3. The slope of the frequency of seeing curve increases slightly with an increase in I and finally becomes independent of I at medium to high intensities. 4. The implications of the results for quantum theories of visual excitation are considered.

scholarly journals The Functional Anatomy of Sound Intensity Discrimination

1998 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 6388-6394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascal Belin ◽  
Stephen McAdams ◽  
Bennet Smith ◽  
Sophie Savel ◽  
Lionel Thivard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Anatomy ◽  
Sound Intensity ◽  
Intensity Discrimination
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