Talker variability, auditory attention, and speech processing efficiency

2019 ◽  
Vol 145 (3) ◽  
pp. 1690-1691
Author(s):  
Tyler K. Perrachione
Keyword(s):  
Speech Processing ◽  
Auditory Attention ◽  
Processing Efficiency ◽  
Talker Variability

Effects of type, token, and talker variability in speech processing efficiency

2019 ◽  
Vol 145 (3) ◽  
pp. 1915-1915
Author(s):  
Alexandra M. Kapadia ◽  
Jessica Tin ◽  
Tyler K. Perrachione
Keyword(s):  
Speech Processing ◽  
Processing Efficiency ◽  
Talker Variability

scholarly journals Hearing loss is associated with delayed neural responses to continuous speech

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlies Gillis ◽  
Lien Decruy ◽  
Jonas Vanthornhout ◽  
Tom Francart
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Speech Processing ◽  
Noise Level ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Hearing Impaired ◽  
Neural Responses ◽  
Continuous Speech ◽  
Processing Efficiency ◽  
Sound Amplification ◽  
The Impact

AbstractWe investigated the impact of hearing loss on the neural processing of speech. Using a forward modelling approach, we compared the neural responses to continuous speech of 14 adults with sensorineural hearing loss with those of age-matched normal-hearing peers.Compared to their normal-hearing peers, hearing-impaired listeners had increased neural tracking and delayed neural responses to continuous speech in quiet. The latency also increased with the degree of hearing loss. As speech understanding decreased, neural tracking decreased in both population; however, a significantly different trend was observed for the latency of the neural responses. For normal-hearing listeners, the latency increased with increasing background noise level. However, for hearing-impaired listeners, this increase was not observed.Our results support that the neural response latency indicates the efficiency of neural speech processing. Hearing-impaired listeners process speech in silence less efficiently then normal-hearing listeners. Our results suggest that this reduction in neural speech processing efficiency is a gradual effect which occurs as hearing deteriorates. Moreover, the efficiency of neural speech processing in hearing-impaired listeners is already at its lowest level when listening to speech in quiet, while normal-hearing listeners show a further decrease in efficiently when the noise level increases.From our results, it is apparent that sound amplification does not solve hearing loss. Even when intelligibility is apparently perfect, hearing-impaired listeners process speech less efficiently.

scholarly journals Talker discontinuity disrupts attention to speech: Evidence from EEG and pupillometry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung-Joo Lim ◽  
Yaminah D. Carter ◽  
J. Michelle Njoroge ◽  
Barbara G. Shinn-Cunningham ◽  
Tyler K. Perrachione
Keyword(s):  
Digit Span ◽  
Auditory Attention ◽  
Neural Mechanisms ◽  
Talker Variability ◽  
Recall Accuracy ◽  
Delayed Recall ◽  
Psychophysiological Responses ◽  
Speech Encoding ◽  
Oscillatory Power ◽  
Rapid Processing

AbstractSpeech is processed less efficiently from discontinuous, mixed talkers than one consistent talker, but little is known about the neural mechanisms for processing talker variability. Here, we measured psychophysiological responses to talker variability using electroencephalography (EEG) and pupillometry while listeners performed a delayed recall of digit span task. Listeners heard and recalled seven-digit sequences with both talker (single- vs. mixed-talker digits) and temporal (0- vs. 500-ms inter-digit intervals) discontinuities. Talker discontinuity reduced serial recall accuracy. Both talker and temporal discontinuities elicited P3a-like neural evoked response, while rapid processing of mixed-talkers’ speech led to increased phasic pupil dilation. Furthermore, mixed-talkers’ speech produced less alpha oscillatory power during working memory maintenance, but not during speech encoding. Overall, these results are consistent with an auditory attention and streaming framework in which talker discontinuity leads to involuntary, stimulus-driven attentional reorientation to novel speech sources, resulting in the processing interference classically associated with talker variability.

scholarly journals How vocabulary size in two languages relates to efficiency in spoken word recognition by young Spanish–English bilinguals

2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 817-840 ◽  
Author(s):  
VIRGINIA A. MARCHMAN ◽  
ANNE FERNALD ◽  
NEREYDA HURTADO
Keyword(s):  
Word Recognition ◽  
Speech Processing ◽  
Spoken Word Recognition ◽  
Spoken Word ◽  
Vocabulary Knowledge ◽  
Vocabulary Size ◽  
Processing Efficiency ◽  
Lexical Development ◽  
Online Processing ◽  
Speed And Accuracy

ABSTRACTResearch using online comprehension measures with monolingual children shows that speed and accuracy of spoken word recognition are correlated with lexical development. Here we examined speech processing efficiency in relation to vocabulary development in bilingual children learning both Spanish and English (n=26 ; 2 ; 6). Between-language associations were weak: vocabulary size in Spanish was uncorrelated with vocabulary in English, and children's facility in online comprehension in Spanish was unrelated to their facility in English. Instead, efficiency of online processing in one language was significantly related to vocabulary size in that language, after controlling for processing speed and vocabulary size in the other language. These links between efficiency of lexical access and vocabulary knowledge in bilinguals parallel those previously reported for Spanish and English monolinguals, suggesting that children's ability to abstract information from the input in building a working lexicon relates fundamentally to mechanisms underlying the construction of language.

Effects of general processing capacity and sustained selective attention on temporal processing performance of children with specific language impairment

2002 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
REBECCA A. HANSON ◽  
JAMES W. MONTGOMERY
Keyword(s):  
Selective Attention ◽  
Temporal Processing ◽  
Speech Processing ◽  
Language Impairment ◽  
Specific Language Impairment ◽  
Discrimination Task ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Auditory Attention ◽  
Processing Capacity ◽  
Identification Task

This study investigated the potential influences of general processing capacity and sustained selective attention on the temporal processing of a group of children with specific language impairment (SLI) and a group of age-matched (CA) controls. Children completed a sustained selective auditory attention task and two speech processing tasks, the Speech Identification Task, representing a cognitively more complex task, and a standard speech discrimination task, representing a cognitively less complex task. The speech stimuli included two-formant, 40-ms transition [ba] and [da] consonant–vowel (CV) syllables and the nonstop CV syllable [sa]. We hypothesized, in accordance with Tallal's temporal processing deficit view, that if SLI children have a fundamental deficit in temporal processing, they should demonstrate poor performance on both speech processing tasks relative to CA children. By contrast, if the temporal processing problem of SLI children relates to a limitation in general processing capacity, the SLI children should show better performance on the discrimination task compared to the identification task. Alternatively, if poor sustained selective attention mediates SLI children's poor temporal processing, the SLI children should show poor performance on an independent measure of auditory attention, which in turn should account for a portion of the variance in any observed group differences in temporal processing. Results showed no group difference in sustained selective auditory attention. On the identification task, group, stimulus-type, and interaction effects emerged. SLI children performed more poorly than CA children, and stop CV syllables were identified less frequently than the nonstop CV syllable. On the discrimination task, there were no main effects or interactions for accuracy (Á score). For the reaction time analysis, only a stimulus-type effect was found, with children responding faster to the /sa/ syllable. Results were interpreted to suggest that these SLI children did not evidence a basic temporal processing deficit. Rather, the SLI children's poor identification task performance was interpreted to reflect an interaction between these children's more limited general processing capacity and the nature of the task.

Acute Physical Exercise Affected Processing Efficiency in an Auditory Attention Task More Than Processing Effectiveness

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Dutke ◽  
Thomas Jaitner ◽  
Timo Berse ◽  
Jonathan Barenberg
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Cognitive Load ◽  
Task Performance ◽  
Secondary Task ◽  
Cognitive Task ◽  
Auditory Attention ◽  
Primary Task ◽  
Processing Efficiency ◽  
Attention Task ◽  
Acute Physical Exercise

Research on effects of acute physical exercise on performance in a concurrent cognitive task has generated equivocal evidence. Processing efficiency theory predicts that concurrent physical exercise can increase resource requirements for sustaining cognitive performance even when the level of performance is unaffected. This hypothesis was tested in a dual-task experiment. Sixty young adults worked on a primary auditory attention task and a secondary interval production task while cycling on a bicycle ergometer. Physical load (cycling) and cognitive load of the primary task were manipulated. Neither physical nor cognitive load affected primary task performance, but both factors interacted on secondary task performance. Sustaining primary task performance under increased physical and/or cognitive load increased resource consumption as indicated by decreased secondary task performance. Results demonstrated that physical exercise effects on cognition might be underestimated when only single task performance is the focus.

Auditory stream discontinuities interfere with speech processing efficiency

2020 ◽  
Vol 148 (4) ◽  
pp. 2507-2507
Author(s):  
Sung-Joo Lim ◽  
Barbara Shinn-Cunningham ◽  
Tyler K. Perrachione
Keyword(s):  
Speech Processing ◽  
Processing Efficiency ◽  
Auditory Stream
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document