Temporal constraints on neural and psychophysical sensitivity to interaural level difference cues to sound source location

2018 ◽  
Vol 143 (3) ◽  
pp. 1785-1785
Author(s):  
Andrew D. Brown ◽  
Daniel J. Tollin
Keyword(s):  
Sound Source ◽  
Source Location ◽  
Interaural Level Difference ◽  
Temporal Constraints ◽  
Level Difference

Sound source location by difference of phase, on a hydrophone array with small dimensions

2001 ◽  
Vol 109 (1) ◽  
pp. 430-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karsten Brensing ◽  
Katrin Linke ◽  
Dietmar Todt
Keyword(s):  
Sound Source ◽  
Source Location ◽  
Hydrophone Array

Cortical Representation of Auditory Space: Information-Bearing Features of Spike Patterns

2002 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 1749-1762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeto Furukawa ◽  
John C. Middlebrooks
Keyword(s):  
Sound Source ◽  
Neuronal Response ◽  
Source Location ◽  
Spike Timing ◽  
Spike Count ◽  
Cortical Representation ◽  
Auditory Space ◽  
Transmitted Information ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Spike Patterns

Previous studies have demonstrated that the spike patterns of cortical neurons vary systematically as a function of sound-source location such that the response of a single neuron can signal the location of a sound source throughout 360° of azimuth. The present study examined specific features of spike patterns that might transmit information related to sound-source location. Analysis was based on responses of well-isolated single units recorded from cortical area A2 in α-chloralose-anesthetized cats. Stimuli were 80-ms noise bursts presented from loudspeakers in the horizontal plane; source azimuths ranged through 360° in 20° steps. Spike patterns were averaged across samples of eight trials. A competitive artificial neural network (ANN) identified sound-source locations by recognizing spike patterns; the ANN was trained using the learning vector quantization learning rule. The information about stimulus location that was transmitted by spike patterns was computed from joint stimulus-response probability matrices. Spike patterns were manipulated in various ways to isolate particular features. Full-spike patterns, which contained all spike-count information and spike timing with 100-μs precision, transmitted the most stimulus-related information. Transmitted information was sensitive to disruption of spike timing on a scale of more than ∼4 ms and was reduced by an average of ∼35% when spike-timing information was obliterated entirely. In a condition in which all but the first spike in each pattern were eliminated, transmitted information decreased by an average of only ∼11%. In many cases, that condition showed essentially no loss of transmitted information. Three unidimensional features were extracted from spike patterns. Of those features, spike latency transmitted ∼60% more information than that transmitted either by spike count or by a measure of latency dispersion. Information transmission by spike patterns recorded on single trials was substantially reduced compared with the information transmitted by averages of eight trials. In a comparison of averaged and nonaveraged responses, however, the information transmitted by latencies was reduced by only ∼29%, whereas information transmitted by spike counts was reduced by 79%. Spike counts clearly are sensitive to sound-source location and could transmit information about sound-source locations. Nevertheless, the present results demonstrate that the timing of the first poststimulus spike carries a substantial amount, probably the majority, of the location-related information present in spike patterns. The results indicate that any complete model of the cortical representation of auditory space must incorporate the temporal characteristics of neuronal response patterns.

scholarly journals Synaptic Inhibition in Avian Interaural Level Difference Sound Localizing Neurons

eNeuro ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. ENEURO.0309-16.2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca J. Curry ◽  
Yong Lu
Keyword(s):  
Interaural Level Difference ◽  
Synaptic Inhibition ◽  
Level Difference

scholarly journals Spiking models of interaural level difference encoding - beyond the rate subtraction code

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Spencer ◽  
Bertrand Fontaine ◽  
Romain Brette
Keyword(s):  
Interaural Level Difference ◽  
Level Difference
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