Testing for evidence of cochlear synaptopathy in normal-hearing young adults with varying noise exposure history

2018 ◽  
Vol 143 (3) ◽  
pp. 1750-1751
Author(s):  
Brandon T. Paul ◽  
Natalie Tran ◽  
Sajal Waheed ◽  
Larry E. Roberts ◽  
Ian C. Bruce
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Exposure History

scholarly journals A cross sectional study of hearing thresholds in medical students

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 434
Author(s):  
V. M. Hemlata Katiyar ◽  
D. Elango ◽  
Vincent Prasanna
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Bone Conduction ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hearing Thresholds ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Right

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The hearing thresholds of young adults with no known hearing loss or noise exposure is expected to be closer to 0 dB HL, though with the increasing usage of recreational noise through personal amplification devices there is shift in thresholds noted. Some studies have highlighted the effect of these devices on the hearing thresholds and a general shift of thresholds towards 25 dB. Objective was to determine the audiometric thresholds of a screened sample of medical students with presumed normal hearing.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A total of 103 medical students in the age group of 20 to 23 years were screened and subjected to PTA. The Pure tone average was calculated for air conduction (AC) and bone conduction (BC) separately and also for high frequencies (HF). The average for the female students was compared with that of male students. The right ear average was compared with that of left ear.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> There was a statistically significant difference with higher thresholds for males in BC and HF, however the difference in AC was not significant. Between the right and left ears, there was statistically significant elevation observed in BC average in the right ear, but no significant difference was found in the HF and AC thresholds.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> There is evidence of thresholds especially BC, shifting more towards 25 dB HL in young adults considered to have normal hearing. Early screening will help in identifying this and prevent further elevation by judicious use of mobile phones, personal music players and personal listening devices.</p>

scholarly journals Acute Recreational Noise-Induced Cochlear Synaptic Dysfunction in Humans With Normal Hearing: A Prospective Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qixuan Wang ◽  
Lu Yang ◽  
Minfei Qian ◽  
Yingying Hong ◽  
Xueling Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Otoacoustic Emission ◽  
Exposure Dose ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Synaptic Dysfunction ◽  
Music Festival ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Time

ObjectivesThe objective of the study was to identify the acute high-intensity recreational noise-induced effects on auditory function, especially the cochlear synaptopathy-related audiological metrics, in humans with normal hearing.MethodsThis prospective cohort study enrolled 32 young adults (14 males and 18 females); the mean age was 24.1 ± 2.4 years (ranging from 20 to 29). All participants with normal hearing (audiometric thresholds ≤25 dB HL at frequencies of 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 8 kHz for both ears) had already decided to participate in the outdoor music festival. Participants were asked to measure the noise exposure dose and complete auditory examinations, including the air-conduction pure-tone audiometry (PTA), distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE), contralateral suppression (CS) on transient evoked otoacoustic emission (TEOAE), auditory brainstem response (ABR) test and Mandarin Hearing in Noise Test (MHINT), at baseline and 1 day and 14 days after music festival noise exposure.ResultsThe mean time of attending the music festival was 7.34 ± 0.63 h (ranging from 6.4 to 9.5), the mean time-weighted average (TWA) of noise exposure dose was 93.2 ± 2.39 dB(A) (ranging from 87.9 to 97.7). At neither 1 day nor 14 days post exposure, there were no statistically significant effects on PTA thresholds, DPOAE amplitudes, CS on TEOAEs, or MHINT signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) of acute outdoor music festival noise exposure, regardless of sex. While the ABR wave I amplitudes significantly decreased at 1 day after exposure and recovered at 14 days after exposure, the exposed/unexposed ABR wave I amplitude ratio was significantly correlated with MHINT SNR change at 1 day after exposure, although it was not correlated with the noise exposure dose.ConclusionIn young adults with normal hearing, we found the self-compared decrement of ABR wave I amplitudes at 1 day post acute recreational noise exposure at high intensity, which also contributes to the change in speech perceptual ability in noisy backgrounds. This study indicated that auditory electrophysiological metric changes might be a more sensitive and efficient indicator of noise-induced cochlear synaptic dysfunction in humans. More attention should be paid to the recreational noise-induced cochlear synaptopathy and auditory perceptual disorder.

scholarly journals More to Lose? Noise-Risk Perceptions of Young Adults with Hearing Impairment

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (04) ◽  
pp. 319-331
Author(s):  
Deborah Black ◽  
Lyndal Carter
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Chi Square

AbstractThis study investigated the attitudes and behaviors of young adults with hearing impairment (HI), in relation to leisure noise. It was hypothesized that young people with HI would have more negative perceptions of noise exposure than their peers with nonimpaired (normal) hearing (NH) and would engage more frequently in self-protective behaviors. Questionnaires were administered as part of a larger study of young Australians with: (1) preadult onset HI and (2) NH. Data from adults (age range 18 to 24 years; n = 79 with HI, n = 131 with NH) were selected for the current analysis. Attitudes data for HI and NH groups were compared using chi-square tests, and the reported use of hearing aids and personal hearing protectors (PHPs) in leisure environments was quantified. Most participants with HI and NH regarded leisure noise as a health hazard but rated their own noise-injury risk as lower than that of their peer group. The use of PHPs was low overall, and many participants with HI reported using hearing aids (switched on) during noisy leisure activities. An equal and substantial proportion of participants with HI and NH reported dislike and avoidance of loud activities. Systematic noise management in leisure environments would address noise-injury risk and also enhance social participation.

The Effect of Learning Modality and Auditory Feedback on Word Memory: Cochlear-Implanted versus Normal-Hearing Adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (03) ◽  
pp. 222-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riki Taitelbaum-Swead ◽  
Michal Icht ◽  
Yaniv Mama
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Auditory Feedback ◽  
Silent Reading ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Visual Modality ◽  
Auditory Modality ◽  
No Production ◽  
Vocal Production ◽  
Word Memory ◽  
Open Set

AbstractIn recent years, the effect of cognitive abilities on the achievements of cochlear implant (CI) users has been evaluated. Some studies have suggested that gaps between CI users and normal-hearing (NH) peers in cognitive tasks are modality specific, and occur only in auditory tasks.The present study focused on the effect of learning modality (auditory, visual) and auditory feedback on word memory in young adults who were prelingually deafened and received CIs before the age of 5 yr, and their NH peers.A production effect (PE) paradigm was used, in which participants learned familiar study words by vocal production (saying aloud) or by no-production (silent reading or listening). Words were presented (1) in the visual modality (written) and (2) in the auditory modality (heard). CI users performed the visual condition twice—once with the implant ON and once with it OFF. All conditions were followed by free recall tests.Twelve young adults, long-term CI users, implanted between ages 1.7 and 4.5 yr, and who showed ≥50% in monosyllabic consonant-vowel-consonant open-set test with their implants were enrolled. A group of 14 age-matched NH young adults served as the comparison group.For each condition, we calculated the proportion of study words recalled. Mixed-measures analysis of variances were carried out with group (NH, CI) as a between-subjects variable, and learning condition (aloud or silent reading) as a within-subject variable. Following this, paired sample t tests were used to evaluate the PE size (differences between aloud and silent words) and overall recall ratios (aloud and silent words combined) in each of the learning conditions.With visual word presentation, young adults with CIs (regardless of implant status CI-ON or CI-OFF), showed comparable memory performance (and a similar PE) to NH peers. However, with auditory presentation, young adults with CIs showed poorer memory for nonproduced words (hence a larger PE) relative to their NH peers.The results support the construct that young adults with CIs will benefit more from learning via the visual modality (reading), rather than the auditory modality (listening). Importantly, vocal production can largely improve auditory word memory, especially for the CI group.

Learning Visual Correlates of Fricative Production by Normal-Hearing Subjects: A Preliminary Evaluation of the Video Articulator

1978 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace Haugland Bargstadt ◽  
John M. Hutchinson ◽  
Michael A. Nerbonne
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Hearing Impaired ◽  
Training Period ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Auditory Cues ◽  
Low Transmission

This investigation provides a preliminary evaluation of the use of the video articulator, a phonemic recognition device for the hearing impaired. The subjects were five young adults with normal hearing and vision (corrected) who were matched with respect to age, sex, dialect, education, and phonological sophistication. Each subject received 150 min of programmed training to learn the video configurations of the eight English fricatives both in isolation and consonant-vowel contexts. Following the training period, the subjects were given a test to determine adequacy of learning and retention of the video configurations for the training stimuli, in the absence of auditory cues. The subjects' responses were analyzed using a common covariance measure. The results demonstrated generally low transmission values for consonants in isolation. Moreover, identification of consonants in context was less accurate. The subjects, as a group, had greater difficulty in recognizing the productions of other subjects when compared with recognition of their own utterances. The clinical implications of these findings are discussed.

scholarly journals Distorted tonotopy severely degrades neural representations of natural speech in noise following acoustic trauma

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satyabrata Parida ◽  
Michael G. Heinz
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Frequency Tuning ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Temporal Coding ◽  
Natural Speech ◽  
Auditory Nerve Fiber ◽  
Temporal Precision ◽  
Speech In Noise ◽  
Neurophysiological Studies

SUMMARYListeners with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) struggle to understand speech, especially in noise, despite audibility compensation. These real-world suprathreshold deficits are hypothesized to arise from degraded frequency tuning and reduced temporal-coding precision; however, peripheral neurophysiological studies testing these hypotheses have been largely limited to in-quiet artificial vowels. Here, we measured single auditory-nerve-fiber responses to a natural speech sentence in noise from anesthetized chinchillas with normal hearing (NH) or noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). Our results demonstrate that temporal precision was not degraded, and broader tuning was not the major factor affecting peripheral coding of natural speech in noise. Rather, the loss of cochlear tonotopy, a hallmark of normal hearing, had the most significant effects (both on vowels and consonants). Because distorted tonotopy varies in degree across etiologies (e.g., noise exposure, age), these results have important implications for understanding and treating individual differences in speech perception for people suffering from SNHL.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Recreational Noise Exposure and High Frequency Hearing Thresholds of University Students with Normal Hearing Between 125-8,000 Hz

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-126
Author(s):  
Banu MÜJDECİ ◽  
Şule KAYA ◽  
Meltem TULĞAR ◽  
Kürşad KARAKOÇ ◽  
Mustafa KARABULUT ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Hearing Thresholds

Pure-Tone Hearing Asymmetry: A Logistic Approach Modeling Age, Sex, and Noise Exposure History

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (07) ◽  
pp. 553-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Zapala ◽  
Robin E. Criter ◽  
Jamie M. Bogle ◽  
Larry B. Lundy ◽  
Michael J. Cevette ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Impression ◽  
Patient History ◽  
Exposure History

Background: Asymmetric hearing loss (AHL) can be an early sign of vestibular schwannoma (VS). However, recognizing VS-induced AHL is challenging. There is no universally accepted definition of a “medically significant pure-tone hearing asymmetry,” in part because AHL is a common feature of medically benign forms of hearing loss (e.g., age- or firearm-related hearing loss). In most cases, the determination that an observed AHL does not come from a benign cause involves subjective clinical judgment. Purpose: Our purpose was threefold: (1) to quantify hearing asymmetry distributions in a large group of patients with medically benign forms of hearing loss, stratifying for age, sex, and noise exposure history; (2) to assess how previously proposed hearing asymmetry calculations segregate tumor from nontumor cases; and (3) to present the results of a logistic regression method for defining hearing asymmetry that incorporates age, sex, and noise information. Research Design: Retrospective chart review. Study Sample: Five thousand six hundred and sixty-one patients with idiopathic, age- or noise exposure-related hearing loss and 85 untreated VS patients. Data Collection and Analysis: Audiometric, patient history, and clinical impression data were collected from 22,785 consecutive patient visits to the audiology section at Mayo Clinic in Florida from 2006 to 2009 to screen for eligibility. Those eligible were then stratified by VS presence, age, sex, and self-reported noise exposure history. Pure-tone asymmetry distributions were analyzed. Audiometric data from VS diagnoses were used to create four additional audiograms per patient to model the hypothetical development of AHL prior to the actual hearing test. The ability of 11 previously defined hearing asymmetry calculations to distinguish between VS and non-VS cases was described. A logistic regression model was developed that integrated age, sex, and noise exposure history with pure-tone asymmetry data. Regression model performance was then compared to existing asymmetry calculation methods. Results: The 11 existing pure-tone asymmetry calculations varied in tumor detection performance. Age, sex, and noise exposure history helped to predict benign forms of hearing asymmetry. The logistic regression model outperformed existing asymmetry calculations and better accounted for normal age-, sex-, and noise exposure-related asymmetry variability. Conclusions: Our logistic regression asymmetry method improves the clinician's ability to estimate risk of VS, in part by integrating categorical patient history and numeric test data. This form of modeling can enhance clinical decision making in audiology and otology.

Effects of Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Noise Exposure on Tinnitus Occurrence in College Students and Adolescents

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurel Elise Money ◽  
Ishara Ramkissoon
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
College Students ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Secondhand Smoke ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Shs Exposure

Background: Recent research indicated that young adults and adolescents reported tinnitus in highernumbers than previously. Thus, it is important to fully investigate risk factors for tinnitus in adolescentsand young adults.<br />Purpose: The current study examined the influence of two environmental risk factors, secondhandsmoke (SHS) exposure and noise exposure on tinnitus occurrence as self-reported by U.S. adolescentsand young adults.<br />Research Design: A nonexperimental, cross-sectional design was used for this survey study.<br />Study Sample: Of 265 surveys received, 43 were excluded due to ineligibility. The remaining 222 surveysconstituted the study sample. Participant respondents included 80 high school students (ages14–17) and 142 college students (ages 18–30). The sample was primarily female (n = 160).<br />Data Collection and Analysis: Three (3) yes/no survey questions regarding SHS exposure, noise exposure,and tinnitus occurrence were analyzed. Statistical analyses included logistic regression, chisquarefollow-up tests, and Pearson bivariate correlation analysis.<br />Results: Results revealed that 40 percent of young adults and adolescents surveyed reported that they experiencedtinnitus. Regression analysis revealed significant main effects for noise (p = 0.004), gender (p =0.017), and the interaction of SHS and noise (p = 0.001). There was no main effect of SHS exposurenor age on tinnitus occurrence. Follow-up chi-square analysis conducted to probe the gender effectrevealed that females (45.1 percent) were more likely to experience tinnitus than males (27.7 percent). Chi-squaretesting to examine the significant interaction effect revealed statistical significance (p = 0.001) for individualswith reported noise exposure but not for individuals without noise exposure. In the noise-exposedgroup, individuals who also reported SHS exposure had a lower occurrence of tinnitus (23.6 percent). In contrast,the noise-exposed individuals without SHS exposure had a higher prevalence of tinnitus (57.9 percent).An additional chi-square follow-up analysis to examine the main effect of noise revealed no significance(p = 0.199). However, there was a significant (p < 0.01) negative correlation (r = –0.244) of noise exposurewith age.<br />Conclusion: The current study results suggest there is a higher than expected report of tinnitus incidencein adolescents and young adults. The relationship between tinnitus occurrence and a combinedexposure to noise and secondhand smoke revealed a unique effect in adolescents and young adults.<br />

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