Shipboard echosounders negatively affect acoustic detection rates of beaked whales

2017 ◽  
Vol 141 (5) ◽  
pp. 3543-3543
Author(s):  
Danielle Cholewiak ◽  
Annamaria Izzi DeAngelis ◽  
Peter Corkeron ◽  
Sofie M. Van Parijs
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Detection ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Beaked Whales

Acoustic detection of beaked whales from autonomous recording buoys

2008 ◽  
Vol 123 (5) ◽  
pp. 3207-3207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antón Arias ◽  
Mark Johnson ◽  
Natacha Aguilar Soto ◽  
Peter T. Madsen ◽  
Peter Tyack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Detection ◽  
Beaked Whales

Comparison of visual and acoustic detection rates for cetaceans off Washington.

2011 ◽  
Vol 129 (4) ◽  
pp. 2637-2637
Author(s):  
John Calambokidis ◽  
Erin Oleson ◽  
Erin Falcone ◽  
Greg Schorr ◽  
Sean Wiggins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Detection ◽  
Detection Rates

scholarly journals Passive acoustic detection of deep-diving beaked whales

2008 ◽  
Vol 124 (5) ◽  
pp. 2823-2832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter M. X. Zimmer ◽  
John Harwood ◽  
Peter L. Tyack ◽  
Mark P. Johnson ◽  
Peter T. Madsen
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Detection ◽  
Deep Diving ◽  
Beaked Whales ◽  
Passive Acoustic

scholarly journals Acoustic detection range and population density of Cuvier's beaked whales estimated from near-surface hydrophones

2021 ◽  
Vol 149 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-125
Author(s):  
Jay Barlow ◽  
Selene Fregosi ◽  
Len Thomas ◽  
Danielle Harris ◽  
Emily T. Griffiths
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Acoustic Detection ◽  
Detection Range ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Beaked Whales

scholarly journals Beaked whales demonstrate a marked acoustic response to the use of shipboard echosounders

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 170940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Cholewiak ◽  
Annamaria I. DeAngelis ◽  
Debra Palka ◽  
Peter J. Corkeron ◽  
Sofie M. Van Parijs
Keyword(s):  
Linear Models ◽  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Benthic Habitat ◽  
Acoustic Response ◽  
Marine Animals ◽  
Sea State ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Ecosystem Studies ◽  
Primary Driver ◽  
Beaked Whales

The use of commercial echosounders for scientific and industrial purposes is steadily increasing. In addition to traditional navigational and fisheries uses, commercial sonars are used extensively for oceanographic research, benthic habitat mapping, geophysical exploration, and ecosystem studies. Little is known about the effects of these acoustic sources on marine animals, though several studies have already demonstrated behavioural responses of cetaceans to shipboard echosounders. Some species of cetaceans are known to be particularly sensitive to acoustic disturbance, including beaked whales. In 2011 and 2013, we conducted cetacean assessment surveys in the western North Atlantic in which a suite of Simrad EK60 echosounders was used to characterize the distribution of prey along survey tracklines. Echosounders were alternated daily between active and passive mode, to determine whether their use affected visual and acoustic detection rates of beaked whales. A total of 256 groups of beaked whales were sighted, and 118 definitive acoustic detections were recorded. Regression analyses using generalized linear models (GLM) found that sea state and region were primary factors in determining visual sighting rates, while echosounder state was the primary driver for acoustic detections, with significantly fewer detections (only 3%) occurring when echosounders were active. These results indicate that beaked whales both detect and change their behaviour in response to commercial echosounders. The mechanism of this response is unknown, but could indicate interruption of foraging activity or vessel avoidance, with potential implications for management and mitigation of anthropogenic impacts.

Predicting Fetal Chromosome Anomalies in the First Trimester Using Pregnancy Associated Plasma Protein-A: A Comparison of Statistical Methods

1993 ◽  
Vol 32 (02) ◽  
pp. 175-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Brambati ◽  
T. Chard ◽  
J. G. Grudzinskas ◽  
M. C. M. Macintosh
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
General Population ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
False Positive ◽  
False Positive Rate ◽  
Ratio Method ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Gaussian Distributions ◽  
Positive Rate ◽  
Likelihood Ratio Method

Abstract:The analysis of the clinical efficiency of a biochemical parameter in the prediction of chromosome anomalies is described, using a database of 475 cases including 30 abnormalities. A comparison was made of two different approaches to the statistical analysis: the use of Gaussian frequency distributions and likelihood ratios, and logistic regression. Both methods computed that for a 5% false-positive rate approximately 60% of anomalies are detected on the basis of maternal age and serum PAPP-A. The logistic regression analysis is appropriate where the outcome variable (chromosome anomaly) is binary and the detection rates refer to the original data only. The likelihood ratio method is used to predict the outcome in the general population. The latter method depends on the data or some transformation of the data fitting a known frequency distribution (Gaussian in this case). The precision of the predicted detection rates is limited by the small sample of abnormals (30 cases). Varying the means and standard deviations (to the limits of their 95% confidence intervals) of the fitted log Gaussian distributions resulted in a detection rate varying between 42% and 79% for a 5% false-positive rate. Thus, although the likelihood ratio method is potentially the better method in determining the usefulness of a test in the general population, larger numbers of abnormal cases are required to stabilise the means and standard deviations of the fitted log Gaussian distributions.

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