Spatial release from simultaneous echo masking in bat sonar

2014 ◽  
Vol 135 (5) ◽  
pp. 3077-3085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michaela Warnecke ◽  
Mary E. Bates ◽  
Victoria Flores ◽  
James A. Simmons
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Release ◽  
Bat Sonar

Principles of Perception in Bat Sonar

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Simmons
Keyword(s):  
Bat Sonar

Evidence for a spectral basis of texture perception in bat sonar

Nature ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 331 (6157) ◽  
pp. 617-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Texture Perception ◽  
Bat Sonar

The Spatial Release of Cognitive Load in Multi-Talker Situation

2018 ◽  
pp. 217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillaume Andéol ◽  
Clara Suied ◽  
Sébastien Scannella ◽  
Frédéric Dehais
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Load ◽  
Spatial Release

scholarly journals Impacts of Diabetes, Aging, and Hearing Loss on Speech-on-Speech Masking and Spatial Release in a Large Veteran Cohort

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Sarah M. Theodoroff ◽  
Frederick J. Gallun ◽  
Garnett P. McMillan ◽  
Michelle Molis ◽  
Nirmal Srinivasan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Linear Mixed Model ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Correct Identification ◽  
Speech Understanding ◽  
Impaired Hearing ◽  
Pure Tone Average ◽  
Spatial Release

Purpose Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) is associated with impaired hearing. However, the evidence is less clear if DM2 can lead to difficulty understanding speech in complex acoustic environments, independently of age and hearing loss effects. The purpose of this study was to estimate the magnitude of DM2-related effects on speech understanding in the presence of competing speech after adjusting for age and hearing. Method A cross-sectional study design was used to investigate the relationship between DM2 and speech understanding in 190 Veterans ( M age = 47 years, range: 25–76). Participants were classified as having no diabetes ( n = 74), prediabetes ( n = 19), or DM2 that was well controlled ( n = 24) or poorly controlled ( n = 73). A test of spatial release from masking (SRM) was presented in a virtual acoustical simulation over insert earphones with multiple talkers using sentences from the coordinate response measure corpus to determine the target-to-masker ratio (TMR) required for 50% correct identification of target speech. A linear mixed model of the TMR results was used to estimate SRM and separate effects of diabetes group, age, and low-frequency pure-tone average (PTA-low) and high-frequency pure-tone average. A separate model estimated the effects of DM2 on PTA-low. Results After adjusting for hearing and age, diabetes-related effects remained among those whose DM2 was well controlled, showing an SRM loss of approximately 0.5 dB. Results also showed effects of hearing loss and age, consistent with the literature on people without DM2. Low-frequency hearing loss was greater among those with DM2. Conclusions In a large cohort of Veterans, low-frequency hearing loss and older age negatively impact speech understanding. Compared with nondiabetics, individuals with controlled DM2 have additional auditory deficits beyond those associated with hearing loss or aging. These results provide a potential explanation for why individuals who have diabetes and/or are older often report difficulty understanding speech in real-world listening environments. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.16746475

scholarly journals Verification of an automated headphone-based test of spatial release from masking

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick J. Gallun ◽  
Garnett P. McMillan ◽  
Sean D. Kampel ◽  
Kasey M. Jakien ◽  
Nirmal K. Srinivasan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Release ◽  
Release From Masking

scholarly journals FreeHear: A New Sound-Field Speech-in-Babble Hearing Assessment Tool

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 233121651987237 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Moore ◽  
Helen Whiston ◽  
Melanie Lough ◽  
Antonia Marsden ◽  
Harvey Dillon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Sound Field ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Clinical Test ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Spatial Release ◽  
Hearing Devices ◽  
Release From Masking ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Pure-tone threshold audiometry is currently the standard test of hearing. However, in everyday life, we are more concerned with listening to speech of moderate loudness and, specifically, listening to a particular talker against a background of other talkers. FreeHear delivers strings of three spoken digits (0–9, not 7) against a background babble via three loudspeakers placed in front and to either side of a listener. FreeHear is designed as a rapid, quantitative initial assessment of hearing using an adaptive algorithm. It is designed especially for children and for testing listeners who are using hearing devices. In this first report on FreeHear, we present developmental considerations and protocols and results of testing 100 children (4–13 years old) and 23 adults (18–30 years old). Two of the six 4 year olds and 91% of all older children completed full testing. Speech reception threshold (SRT) for digits and noise colocated at 0° or separated by 90° both improved linearly across 4 to 12 years old by 6 to 7 dB, with a further 2 dB improvement for the adults. These data suggested full maturation at approximately 15 years old SRTs at 90° digits/noise separation were better by approximately 6 dB than SRTs colocated at 0°. This spatial release from masking did not change significantly across age. Test–retest reliability was similar for children and adults (standard deviation of 2.05–2.91 dB SRT), with a mean practice improvement of 0.04–0.98 dB. FreeHear shows promise as a clinical test for both children and adults. Further trials in people with hearing impairment are ongoing.

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