scholarly journals Effects of phonetically-cued talker variation on semantic encoding

2013 ◽  
Vol 134 (6) ◽  
pp. EL485-EL491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meghan Sumner ◽  
Reiko Kataoka
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Encoding ◽  
Talker Variation

scholarly journals Lexical and Prosodic Pitch Modifications in Cantonese Infant-directed Speech

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Luchang WANG ◽  
Marina KALASHNIKOVA ◽  
René KAGER ◽  
Regine LAI ◽  
Patrick C.M. WONG
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Lexical Tone ◽  
Lexical Tones ◽  
Phonetic Learning ◽  
Tonal Space ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Talker Variation ◽  
Phonemic Contrasts

Abstract The functions of acoustic-phonetic modifications in infant-directed speech (IDS) remain a question: do they specifically serve to facilitate language learning via enhanced phonemic contrasts (the hyperarticulation hypothesis) or primarily to improve communication via prosodic exaggeration (the prosodic hypothesis)? The study of lexical tones provides a unique opportunity to shed light on this, as lexical tones are phonemically contrastive, yet their primary cue, pitch, is also a prosodic cue. This study investigated Cantonese IDS and found increased intra-talker variation of lexical tones, which more likely posed a challenge to rather than facilitated phonetic learning. Although tonal space was expanded which could facilitate phonetic learning, its expansion was a function of overall intonational modifications. Similar findings were observed in speech to pets who should not benefit from larger phonemic distinction. We conclude that lexical-tone adjustments in IDS mainly serve to broadly enhance communication rather than specifically increase phonemic contrast for learners.

Japanese enter/exit verbs revisited

2002 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natsuko Tsujimura
Keyword(s):  
Motion Verbs ◽  
Change Of State ◽  
Spatial Expressions ◽  
Semantic Encoding ◽  
Discrete Change

Kita (1999) compares Japanese and English Enter/Exit verbs in spatial expressions, and argues that Japanese Enter/Exit verbs lack semantic encoding of motion. He claims that this runs counter to the view which considers motion and location to be primitives in the semantics of spatial expressions; instead, he proposes that discrete change of state should be included in the set of primitives. In this reply,I will first show that Kita’s evidence does not support lack of motion in Japanese Enter/Exit verbs, but that instead these verbs do pattern with motion verbs in the language, where conflation of motion is not disputable. I finally demonstrate that Kita’s claim about change of state may be well taken, but it should be put in a larger context of regular polysemy.

Heeding the voice of experience: The role of talker variation in lexical access

Cognition ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 106 (2) ◽  
pp. 633-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah C. Creel ◽  
Richard N. Aslin ◽  
Michael K. Tanenhaus
Keyword(s):  
Lexical Access ◽  
The Voice ◽  
Talker Variation

scholarly journals He said, she said: effects of bilingualism on cross-talker word recognition in infancy

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 498-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
LEHER SINGH
Keyword(s):  
Word Recognition ◽  
Word Segmentation ◽  
Test Phase ◽  
Language Input ◽  
Same Gender ◽  
Opposite Gender ◽  
Talker Variation

AbstractThe purpose of the current study was to examine effects of bilingual language input on infant word segmentation and on talker generalization. In the present study, monolingually and bilingually exposed infants were compared on their abilities to recognize familiarized words in speech and to maintain generalizable representations of familiarized words. Words were first presented in the context of sentences to infants and then presented to infants in isolation during a test phase. During test, words were produced by a talker of the same gender and by a talker of the opposite gender. Results demonstrated that both bilingual and monolingual infants were able to recognize familiarized words to a comparable degree. Moreover, both bilingual and monolingual infants recognized words in spite of talker variation. Results demonstrated robust word recognition and talker generalization in monolingual and bilingual infants at 8 months of age.

Semantic and Phonological Encoding in Adults Who Stutter: Silent Responses to Pictorial Stimuli

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (9) ◽  
pp. 2537-2550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irena Vincent
Keyword(s):  
Response Time ◽  
Identification Accuracy ◽  
Phonological Encoding ◽  
Vowel Identification ◽  
Pictorial Stimuli ◽  
Indirect Measures ◽  
Semantic Encoding ◽  
Adults Who Stutter ◽  
Encoding Efficiency ◽  
Phoneme Identification

Purpose Research on language planning in adult stuttering is relatively sparse and offers diverging arguments about a potential causative relationship between semantic and phonological encoding and fluency breakdowns. This study further investigated semantic and phonological encoding efficiency in adults who stutter (AWS) by means of silent category and phoneme identification, respectively. Method Fifteen AWS and 15 age- and sex-matched adults who do not stutter (ANS) participated. The groups were compared on the basis of the accuracy and speed of superordinate category (animal vs. object) and initial phoneme (vowel vs. consonant) decisions, which were indicated manually during silent viewing of pictorial stimuli. Movement execution latency was accounted for, and no other cognitive, linguistic, or motor demands were posed on participants' responses. Therefore, category identification accuracy and speed were considered indirect measures of semantic encoding efficiency and phoneme identification accuracy and speed of phonological encoding efficiency. Results For category decisions, AWS were slower but not less accurate than ANS, with objects eliciting more errors and slower responses than animals in both groups. For phoneme decisions, the groups did not differ in accuracy, with consonant errors outnumbering vowel errors in both groups, and AWS were slower than ANS in consonant but not vowel identification, with consonant response time lagging behind vowel response time in AWS only. Conclusions AWS were less efficient than ANS in semantic encoding, and they might harbor a consonant-specific phonological encoding weakness. Future independent studies are warranted to discover if these positive findings are replicable and a marker for persistent stuttering.

Semantic encoding of isolated words.

1976 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. Sabol ◽  
Donald V. de Rosa
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Encoding

scholarly journals Differences in semantic encoding as a function of reading comprehension skill

1981 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 618-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward C. Merrill ◽  
Richard D. Sperber ◽  
Charley McCauley
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Comprehension Skill ◽  
Semantic Encoding

scholarly journals Linguistic Temporality, Logical Meaning and Narrative Perspectives: Adverbs /zai/ and /you/ in Modern Standard Chinese

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-38
Author(s):  
Jens KARLSSON
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Information ◽  
Semantic Content ◽  
Conceptual Analogy ◽  
Semantic Encoding ◽  
Standard Chinese ◽  
Decompositional Analysis ◽  
Modern Standard ◽  
Temporal Adverbs

In this paper is presented an inquiry into some aspects of the meaning and usage of two temporal adverbs zai (再) and you (又) in Modern Standard Chinese. A decompositional analysis of the semantic encoding of the adverbs is conducted, aiming to better explain their recorded differences in usage. First, a sketch of some of the fundamental features of linguistic temporality is provided in order to model the structure of temporal semantic information encoded in the adverbs. Non-temporal (logical) meaning such as assertion and inference is also shown to be an important aspect of the semantic content of the adverbs. Adverbs zai and you are shown to encode the same semantic content except for a difference in viewpoint; the first being prospective, the second retrospective. Concrete linguistic examples reflecting the intrinsic semantic encoding of the adverbs are raised and discussed. It is then argued that through combining the decompositional analysis with ideas concerning conceptual analogy, some issues raised by Lu and Ma (1999) regarding the usage of zai and you in past and future settings may be resolved.

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