A comparison of vowel formant frequencies in the babbling of infants exposed to Canadian English and Canadian French

2005 ◽  
Vol 117 (4) ◽  
pp. 2402-2402
Author(s):  
Karen Mattock ◽  
Susan Rvachew ◽  
Linda Polka ◽  
Sara Turner
Keyword(s):  
Canadian English ◽  
Formant Frequencies ◽  
Canadian French ◽  
Vowel Formant

Selected linguistic problems in indexing within the Canadian context

1992 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-91
Author(s):  
Lisa Rasmussen
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Canadian English ◽  
Canadian French ◽  
Canadian Context

Study of the problems inherent in indexing within a Canadian context. Takes into account the linguistic characteristics of Canadian English (the divided usage between British and American spelling and vocabulary; the literary warrant of words of Canadian origin) and of Canadian French (the frequency of vocabular, morphological, and semantic anglicisms, the differences in vocabulary between standard and Canadian French) and the problems involved in bilingual indexing because of the trend in the English language towards nominalization.

Eh? and Hein?: Discourse Particles or National Icons?

2006 ◽  
Vol 51 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 247-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine Gold ◽  
Mireille Tremblay
Keyword(s):  
Canadian English ◽  
French Canada ◽  
University Of Toronto ◽  
Canadian French ◽  
Discourse Particles ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Patterns Of Use ◽  
Discourse Functions ◽  
And Function ◽  
The University

AbstractWe compare the use and function of two discourse particles that show many similarities: Canadian English eh and Canadian French hein. Surveys of anglophone students at the University of Toronto and francophone students at Université Laval reveal that these particles have similar discourse functions and that there are many parallels in their patterns of use. However, francophone students report a higher use of hein than do anglophone students of eh. Moreover, francophones have more positive attitudes towards constructions with hein than do their anglophone counterparts with respect to eh. In addition, eh—used both less often and valued less positively—has taken on additional functions as an identity marker: it is used to identify speakers of Canadian English and, in print, to evoke Canadian solidarity. In contrast, hein does not have an identity marking function. We propose that the development of an identity marking function for eh—and the lack of such a function for hein—reflects differences in how linguistic identities are constructed in English and French Canada.

Associations Between Speaking Fundamental Frequency, Vowel Formant Frequencies, and Listener Perceptions of Speaker Gender and Vocal Femininity–Masculinity

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Yeptain Leung ◽  
Jennifer Oates ◽  
Siew-Pang Chan ◽  
Viktória Papp
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Model Building ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Formant Frequencies ◽  
Vowel Formant ◽  
Vowel Space ◽  
Australian English ◽  
Speaking Fundamental Frequency

Purpose The aim of the study was to examine associations between speaking fundamental frequency ( f os ), vowel formant frequencies ( F ), listener perceptions of speaker gender, and vocal femininity–masculinity. Method An exploratory study was undertaken to examine associations between f os , F 1 – F 3 , listener perceptions of speaker gender (nominal scale), and vocal femininity–masculinity (visual analog scale). For 379 speakers of Australian English aged 18–60 years, f os mode and F 1 – F 3 (12 monophthongs; total of 36 F s) were analyzed on a standard reading passage. Seventeen listeners rated speaker gender and vocal femininity–masculinity on randomized audio recordings of these speakers. Results Model building using principal component analysis suggested the 36 F s could be succinctly reduced to seven principal components (PCs). Generalized structural equation modeling (with the seven PCs of F and f os as predictors) suggested that only F 2 and f os predicted listener perceptions of speaker gender (male, female, unable to decide). However, listener perceptions of vocal femininity–masculinity behaved differently and were predicted by F 1 , F 3 , and the contrast between monophthongs at the extremities of the F 1 acoustic vowel space, in addition to F 2 and f os . Furthermore, listeners' perceptions of speaker gender also influenced ratings of vocal femininity–masculinity substantially. Conclusion Adjusted odds ratios highlighted the substantially larger contribution of F to listener perceptions of speaker gender and vocal femininity–masculinity relative to f os than has previously been reported.

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