An experimental investigation of velocity fields in divergent glottal models of the human vocal tract

2005 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 2025-2025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byron D. Erath ◽  
Michael W. Plesniak
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Vocal Tract ◽  
Velocity Fields

Axisymmetrical Turbulent Swirling Natural-Convection Plume: Part 2—Experimental Investigation

1966 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 656-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shao-Lin Lee
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Natural Convection ◽  
Velocity Fields ◽  
Hot Wire ◽  
Ambient Fluid ◽  
Wire Probe ◽  
Characteristic Radius ◽  
Burner Flame ◽  
Theoretical Predictions ◽  
Temperature And Velocity Fields

An experimental investigation is made of the behavior of an axisymmetrical turbulent swirling natural-convection plume in an otherwise motionless ambient fluid. The swirling plume is issued from the exit of a swirling-plume generator which couples the hot gases from a Bunsen burner flame and the swirling mass of air from a ring of distributed tangential jets. Temperature and velocity fields of the swirling plume are measured by the use of a temperature-calibrated, V-shaped hot-wire probe. Measured results of the vertical and swirling velocities, the temperature, and the characteristic radius of the swirling plume are found to agree closely with the theoretical predictions of Part 1.

Experimental Investigation of Parameters, Influencing Velocity Fields during Beer Fermentation

2013 ◽  
Vol 597 ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
Heiko Meironke ◽  
Kai Böttcher
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Particle Image Velocimetry ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Particle Image ◽  
Laser Doppler Anemometry ◽  
Velocity Fields ◽  
Doppler Velocimetry ◽  
Beer Fermentation ◽  
Various Boundary Conditions ◽  
Image Velocimetry

In the course of the research aiming on the optimisation of beer fermentation, a large number of fermentations have been performed under various boundary conditions. We carried out different measurements, including temperature and velocity investigations. Due to turbidity, the latter cannot be performed easily by using common techniques like laser Doppler anemometry or particle image velocimetry. Therefore the ultrasound Doppler velocimetry got utilised. It permits measurements in opaque fluids and provides velocity fields for any time during the fermentation.

C. The Continuous Spectrum of Pulsating Variable Stars

1967 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 177-206
Author(s):  
J. B. Oke ◽  
C. A. Whitney
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Spectrum ◽  
Variable Stars ◽  
Velocity Fields ◽  
The Other ◽  
Line Spectrum ◽  
Direct Information ◽  
Thermodynamic Structure ◽  
Diagnostic Interpretation ◽  
Pulsating Variable Stars ◽  
The Continuum

Pecker:The topic to be considered today is the continuous spectrum of certain stars, whose variability we attribute to a pulsation of some part of their structure. Obviously, this continuous spectrum provides a test of the pulsation theory to the extent that the continuum is completely and accurately observed and that we can analyse it to infer the structure of the star producing it. The continuum is one of the two possible spectral observations; the other is the line spectrum. It is obvious that from studies of the continuum alone, we obtain no direct information on the velocity fields in the star. We obtain information only on the thermodynamic structure of the photospheric layers of these stars–the photospheric layers being defined as those from which the observed continuum directly arises. So the problems arising in a study of the continuum are of two general kinds: completeness of observation, and adequacy of diagnostic interpretation. I will make a few comments on these, then turn the meeting over to Oke and Whitney.

The Interpretation of Line Profiles

1977 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 191-215
Author(s):  
G.B. Rybicki
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Atomic Physics ◽  
Velocity Fields ◽  
Spectral Lines ◽  
Inhomogeneous Structure ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Line Profiles ◽  
Physical Phenomena

Observations of the shapes and intensities of spectral lines provide a bounty of information about the outer layers of the sun. In order to utilize this information, however, one is faced with a seemingly monumental task. The sun’s chromosphere and corona are extremely complex, and the underlying physical phenomena are far from being understood. Velocity fields, magnetic fields, Inhomogeneous structure, hydromagnetic phenomena – these are some of the complications that must be faced. Other uncertainties involve the atomic physics upon which all of the deductions depend.

Contributions of Voice and Nonverbal Communication to Perceived Masculinity–Femininity for Cisgender and Transgender Communicators

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 931-947
Author(s):  
Teresa L. D. Hardy ◽  
Carol A. Boliek ◽  
Daniel Aalto ◽  
Justin Lewicke ◽  
Kristopher Wells ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Sound Pressure Level ◽  
Sound Pressure ◽  
Vocal Tract ◽  
Presentation Mode ◽  
Pressure Level ◽  
Presentation Modes ◽  
Audiovisual Stimuli ◽  
Vocal Tract Resonance ◽  
Point Light

Purpose The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to identify a set of communication-based predictors (including both acoustic and gestural variables) of masculinity–femininity ratings and (b) to explore differences in ratings between audio and audiovisual presentation modes for transgender and cisgender communicators. Method The voices and gestures of a group of cisgender men and women ( n = 10 of each) and transgender women ( n = 20) communicators were recorded while they recounted the story of a cartoon using acoustic and motion capture recording systems. A total of 17 acoustic and gestural variables were measured from these recordings. A group of observers ( n = 20) rated each communicator's masculinity–femininity based on 30- to 45-s samples of the cartoon description presented in three modes: audio, visual, and audio visual. Visual and audiovisual stimuli contained point light displays standardized for size. Ratings were made using a direct magnitude estimation scale without modulus. Communication-based predictors of masculinity–femininity ratings were identified using multiple regression, and analysis of variance was used to determine the effect of presentation mode on perceptual ratings. Results Fundamental frequency, average vowel formant, and sound pressure level were identified as significant predictors of masculinity–femininity ratings for these communicators. Communicators were rated significantly more feminine in the audio than the audiovisual mode and unreliably in the visual-only mode. Conclusions Both study purposes were met. Results support continued emphasis on fundamental frequency and vocal tract resonance in voice and communication modification training with transgender individuals and provide evidence for the potential benefit of modifying sound pressure level, especially when a masculine presentation is desired.

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