Spatial release from electronic clutter masking in FM bat echolocation

2012 ◽  
Vol 132 (3) ◽  
pp. 1978-1978
Author(s):  
Michaela Warnecke ◽  
Mary E. Bates ◽  
James A. Simmons
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Release ◽  
Fm Bat

Recovery Cycle of Inferior Collicular Neurons Determine Pulse Following Rate in CF-FM Bat*

2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
pp. 801-808 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia TANG ◽  
Zi-Ying FU ◽  
PHILIP H.-S. JEN ◽  
Qi-Cai CHEN
Keyword(s):  
Recovery Cycle ◽  
Fm Bat ◽  
Inferior Collicular

The Spatial Release of Cognitive Load in Multi-Talker Situation

2018 ◽  
pp. 217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillaume Andéol ◽  
Clara Suied ◽  
Sébastien Scannella ◽  
Frédéric Dehais
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Load ◽  
Spatial Release

scholarly journals Impacts of Diabetes, Aging, and Hearing Loss on Speech-on-Speech Masking and Spatial Release in a Large Veteran Cohort

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Sarah M. Theodoroff ◽  
Frederick J. Gallun ◽  
Garnett P. McMillan ◽  
Michelle Molis ◽  
Nirmal Srinivasan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Linear Mixed Model ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Correct Identification ◽  
Speech Understanding ◽  
Impaired Hearing ◽  
Pure Tone Average ◽  
Spatial Release

Purpose Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) is associated with impaired hearing. However, the evidence is less clear if DM2 can lead to difficulty understanding speech in complex acoustic environments, independently of age and hearing loss effects. The purpose of this study was to estimate the magnitude of DM2-related effects on speech understanding in the presence of competing speech after adjusting for age and hearing. Method A cross-sectional study design was used to investigate the relationship between DM2 and speech understanding in 190 Veterans ( M age = 47 years, range: 25–76). Participants were classified as having no diabetes ( n = 74), prediabetes ( n = 19), or DM2 that was well controlled ( n = 24) or poorly controlled ( n = 73). A test of spatial release from masking (SRM) was presented in a virtual acoustical simulation over insert earphones with multiple talkers using sentences from the coordinate response measure corpus to determine the target-to-masker ratio (TMR) required for 50% correct identification of target speech. A linear mixed model of the TMR results was used to estimate SRM and separate effects of diabetes group, age, and low-frequency pure-tone average (PTA-low) and high-frequency pure-tone average. A separate model estimated the effects of DM2 on PTA-low. Results After adjusting for hearing and age, diabetes-related effects remained among those whose DM2 was well controlled, showing an SRM loss of approximately 0.5 dB. Results also showed effects of hearing loss and age, consistent with the literature on people without DM2. Low-frequency hearing loss was greater among those with DM2. Conclusions In a large cohort of Veterans, low-frequency hearing loss and older age negatively impact speech understanding. Compared with nondiabetics, individuals with controlled DM2 have additional auditory deficits beyond those associated with hearing loss or aging. These results provide a potential explanation for why individuals who have diabetes and/or are older often report difficulty understanding speech in real-world listening environments. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.16746475

Coding of directional information by single neurones in the S-segment of the FM bat, Myotis lucifugus

1980 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 203-216
Author(s):  
P. H. Jen
Keyword(s):  
Single Unit ◽  
Median Plane ◽  
Myotis Lucifugus ◽  
Directional Information ◽  
Stimulus Pulse ◽  
Fm Bat ◽  
Single Neurones ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Correct Level ◽  
Stimulus Direction

1. Response parameters of S-segment neurones of the FM bat Myotis lucifugus were measured as a sound was delivered from different azimuthal angles around the animal's head. 2. The response parameters investigated were the amplitude and threshold of the evoked potential (N3) of the S-segment, together with the threshold, latency and number of impulses (per stimulus pulse) of single units. 3. All the neurones studied had their lowest thresholds either at 20-40 degrees contralateral, or 20-40 degrees ipsilateral or at the front (0 degrees). 4. The amplitude of the sound affected the relationship between stimulus direction and the amplitude of a non-monotonic N3, and the relationship between stimulus direction and the number of impulses of a non-monotonic single unit. It had so such effects with a monotonic N3 and a monotonic single unit. 5. From a study of N3 amplitudes and numbers of impulses of single neurones, it appeared that an azimuthal difference as small as 3 degrees could be easily coded at a 95% correct level with stimuli presented at around 20 degrees ipsilateral, 20 degrees contralateral, and at the front. 6. The inter-aural pressure difference (IPD), which is considered an essential cue for echolocation in Myotis (Shimozawa et al. 1974), changed linearly with angle from 0 to 40 degrees lateral at a rate of 0.4 dB/degree for sounds between 33.5 and 49.0 kHz. 7. Assuming the just-detectable IPD to be 0.5 dB (as in man), the minimum detectable azimuthal difference of Myotis around the median plane would be 1.25 degrees.

scholarly journals Verification of an automated headphone-based test of spatial release from masking

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick J. Gallun ◽  
Garnett P. McMillan ◽  
Sean D. Kampel ◽  
Kasey M. Jakien ◽  
Nirmal K. Srinivasan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Release ◽  
Release From Masking
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