The effects of acoustic power and exposure time on the hyperecho in ultrasound images at 55 °C using MRI and US guided HIFU in a bovine liver specimen

2012 ◽  
Vol 131 (4) ◽  
pp. 3210-3210
Author(s):  
Faqi Li ◽  
Huarong Yi ◽  
Mingsong Zhong ◽  
Huijian Ai ◽  
Jie Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exposure Time ◽  
Bovine Liver ◽  
Acoustic Power ◽  
Ultrasound Images ◽  
Liver Specimen

scholarly journals Real-Time HIFU Treatment Monitoring Using Pulse Inversion Ultrasonic Imaging

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 2219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eui-Ji Shin ◽  
Byungwoo Kang ◽  
Jin Chang
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Bovine Liver ◽  
Treatment Monitoring ◽  
High Intensity Focused Ultrasound ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Ultrasound Images ◽  
Hifu Treatment ◽  
Monitoring Method ◽  
Pulse Inversion

Real-time monitoring of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) surgery is essential for safe and accurate treatment. However, ultrasound imaging is difficult to use for treatment monitoring during HIFU surgery because of the high intensity of the HIFU echoes that are received by an imaging transducer. Here, we propose a real-time HIFU treatment monitoring method based on pulse inversion of imaging ultrasound; an imaging transducer fires ultrasound twice in 0° and 180° phases for one scanline while HIFUs of the same phase are transmitted in synchronization with the ultrasound transmission for imaging. By doing so, HIFU interferences can be eliminated after subtracting the two sets of the signals received by the imaging transducer. This function was implemented in a commercial research ultrasound scanner, and its performance was evaluated using the excised bovine liver. The experimental results demonstrated that the proposed method allowed ultrasound images to clearly show the echogenicity change induced by HIFU in the excised bovine liver. Additionally, it was confirmed that the moving velocity of the organs in the abdomen due to respiration does not affect the performance of the proposed method. Based on the experimental results, we believe that the proposed method can be used for real-time HIFU surgery monitoring that is a pivotal function for maximized treatment efficacy.

Progress In The Practical Application Of Automated Image Analysis To Tem Negatives

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 214-217
Author(s):  
F. A. Heckman ◽  
E. Redman ◽  
J.E. Connolly
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Image Quality ◽  
Exposure Time ◽  
Image Contrast ◽  
Automated Image Analysis ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
High Image Quality ◽  
Qualitative Evidence ◽  
Comprehensive Study

In our initial publication on this subject1) we reported results demonstrating that contrast is the most important factor in producing the high image quality required for reliable image analysis. We also listed the factors which enhance contrast in order of the experimentally determined magnitude of their effect. The two most powerful factors affecting image contrast attainable with sheet film are beam intensity and KV. At that time we had only qualitative evidence for the ranking of enhancing factors. Later we carried out the densitometric measurements which led to the results outlined below.Meaningful evaluations of the cause-effect relationships among the considerable number of variables in preparing EM negatives depend on doing things in a systematic way, varying only one parameter at a time. Unless otherwise noted, we adhered to the following procedure evolved during our comprehensive study:Philips EM-300; 30μ objective aperature; magnification 7000- 12000X, exposure time 1 second, anti-contamination device operating.

Structure images of Si, Ge and Mos2 crystals and some application to radiation damage studies

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 292-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Izui ◽  
T. Nishida ◽  
S. Furuno ◽  
H. Otsu ◽  
S. Kuwabara
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Damage ◽  
Exposure Time ◽  
Gaussian Distribution ◽  
Intensity Distribution ◽  
Chromatic Aberration ◽  
Magnetic Lens

Recently we have observed the structure images of silicon in the (110), (111) and (100) projection respectively, and then examined the optimum defocus and thickness ranges for the formation of such images on the basis of calculations of image contrasts using the n-slice theory. The present paper reports the effects of a chromatic aberration and a slight misorientation on the images, and also presents some applications of structure images of Si, Ge and MoS2 to the radiation damage studies.(1) Effect of a chromatic aberration and slight misorientation: There is an inevitable fluctuation in the amount of defocus due to a chromatic aberration originating from the fluctuations both in the energies of electrons and in the magnetic lens current. The actual image is a results of superposition of those fluctuated images during the exposure time. Assuming the Gaussian distribution for defocus, Δf around the optimum defocus value Δf0, the intensity distribution, I(x,y) in the image formed by this fluctuation is given by

Substrate Recognition by Vitamin K-Dependent Carboxylase

1987 ◽  
Vol 57 (01) ◽  
pp. 017-019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magda M W Ulrich ◽  
Berry A M Soute ◽  
L Johan M van Haarlem ◽  
Cees Vermeer
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Vitamin K ◽  
Substrate Recognition ◽  
Bovine Liver ◽  
Amino Acid Residues

SummaryDecarboxylated osteocalcins were prepared and purified from bovine, chicken, human and monkey bones and assayed for their ability to serve as a substrate for vitamin K-dependent carboxylase from bovine liver. Substantial differences were observed, especially between bovine and monkey d-osteocalcin. Since these substrates differ only in their amino acid residues 3 and 4, it seems that these residues play a role in the recognition of a substrate by hepatic carboxylase.

STUDIES ON OESTROGENS IN CATTLE

1960 ◽  
Vol XXXIV (I) ◽  
pp. 27-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stian Erichsen ◽  
Weiert Velle
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Liver ◽  
Liver Cells ◽  
Cell Sheets ◽  
Confluent Cell

ABSTRACT The metabolism of some oestrogenic hormones was studied in vitro by the use of cells grown on a medium free from blood. The methods used for the culture of cells from bovine testis, endometrium, amnion, and liver in confluent cell sheets on glass are described. The interconversion of oestrone and oestradiol-17β was demonstrated in the presence of cells from amnion, endometrium, and also from testicles of young calves and bulls. Only trace amounts of oestrone were found following incubations with oestradiol-17α in these tissues. Bovine liver cells grown in vitro showed a very poor capacity to bring about the interconversion mentioned above.

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