Combined sound‐pressure and pressure‐gradient hydrophone design

Проанализированы проблемы создания приемников градиента давления различных типов для использования в низкочастотном диапазоне, определяемые необходимостью достижения достаточной чувствительности к звуковому давлению в плоской волне, коэффициента деления дипольной характеристики направленности не хуже 26 дБ, динамического диапазона не менее 80–100 дБ. Теоретически оценены пределы применимости ПГД 2-гидрофонного (разностного) типов по волновым размерам. Разработаны высоко- эффективные ПГД инерционного и силового типов. Предложено комбинирование ПГД инерционного/силового и 2-гидрофонного типов в линейной антенне. The problems of development of pressure gradient sensors of various types for usage in low-frequency range are analyzed, which are connected to a necessity to provide acceptable sensitivity to sound pressure in a flat wave, minima of the dipole directivity pattern being nor less 26 dB, dynamic range being nor less 80–100 dB. The wavelength limits of acceptability of 2-hydrophone (differential) pressure gradient sensors are theoretically predicted. High effective pressure gradient sensors of inertial and force types are designed. It is suggested to combine a pressure gradient sensor of inertial or force type with the pressure gradient sensor of 2-hydrophone type in linear array.

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Comparative sensitivity of pressure gradient receivers of force and inertial types to sound pressure in plane wave

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America ◽

10.1121/1.4920185 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 137 (4) ◽

pp. 2242-2242

Author(s):

Vladimir Korenbaum ◽

Sergei Gorovoy ◽

Alexandr Tagiltcev ◽

Anatoly Kostiv

Keyword(s):

Plane Wave ◽

Pressure Gradient ◽

Sound Pressure ◽

Comparative Sensitivity ◽

Inertial Types

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Computational study of head geometry effects on sound pressure gradient with applications to head-related transfer function

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America ◽

10.1121/1.4989056 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 141 (5) ◽

pp. 3972-3972 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mahdi Farahikia ◽

Quang T. Su

Keyword(s):

Transfer Function ◽

Pressure Gradient ◽

Sound Pressure ◽

Computational Study ◽

Head Related Transfer Function ◽

Geometry Effects

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Unidirectional Underwater-Sound Pressure-Gradient Transducer

IEEE Transactions on Sonics and Ultrasonics ◽

10.1109/t-su.1971.29597 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 89-94 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

R.D. Marciniak

Keyword(s):

Pressure Gradient ◽

Sound Pressure ◽

Underwater Sound

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Low frequency absolute calibration of complex sensitivity of vector receivers in free-field

MATEC Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/matecconf/201928305003 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 283 ◽

pp. 05003

Author(s):

Guanghui Jia ◽

Yi Chen ◽

Zihong Ping ◽

Teng Fei

Keyword(s):

Pressure Gradient ◽

Sound Pressure ◽

Free Field ◽

Spherical Wave ◽

Low Frequency ◽

Calibration Method ◽

Absolute Calibration ◽

Underwater Sound ◽

Vector Receiver ◽

Calibration Facility

Three-transducers spherical wave reciprocity method in free-field is demonstrated effectively for absolute calibration of the complex sensitivity of underwater sound pressure gradient of vector receiver in the frequency range 250 Hz to 4 kHz. The regularity of underwater sound pressure gradient distribution in the spherical wave, the theory of three-transducers reciprocity calibration method and the technique of complex moving weighted average (CMWA) are studied and reviewed. The VHS90 vector receiver manufactured by Hangzhou Applied Acoustics Research Institute (HAARI) is calibrated using underwater sound pressure gradient calibration facility in a 50 m×15 m×10 m anechoic tank. To verify the results of measurements, the VHS90 vector receiver is also calibrated using low frequency vector receiver calibration facility and the underwater sound pressure calibration facility. The calibration results and the comparisons with these facilities prove the accuracy of the calibration method and facilities described in this paper. The max deviation of modulus of complex sensitivity is 0.7 dB and max deviation of phase congruency of three channels is 1.6°.

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Design and Implementation of a Composite Hydrophone of Sound Pressure and Sound Pressure Gradient

Micromachines ◽

10.3390/mi12080939 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (8) ◽

pp. 939

Author(s):

Guojun Zhang ◽

Lansheng Zhang ◽

Songxiang Ji ◽

Xi Yang ◽

Renxin Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pressure Gradient ◽

Sound Pressure ◽

Simulation Analysis ◽

Engineering Application ◽

Low Frequency ◽

Test Analysis ◽

Vector Channel ◽

Application Problem ◽

Vector Hydrophone ◽

To Receive

The bionic cilium MEMS vector hydrophone has the characteristics of low power consumption, small volume, and good low-frequency response. Nevertheless, there exists the problem of left–right ambiguity in the azimuth estimation of a single hydrophone. In order to solve the engineering application problem, a sound-pressure sound-pressure-gradient hydrophone is designed in this paper. The new composite hydrophone consists of two channels. The bionic cilium microstructure is optimized and used as the vector channel, to collect the sound pressure gradient information, and a scalar channel, based on a piezoelectric ceramic tube, is added, to receive the sound pressure information. The theoretical analysis, simulation analysis, and test analysis of the composite hydrophone are carried out, respectively. The test results show that the sensitivities of the hydrophone can reach up to −188 dB (vector channel) and −204 dB (scalar channel). The problem of left–right ambiguity is solved by combining the sound pressure and sound pressure gradient in different ways. This is of great significance in the engineering application of single cilium MEMS hydrophone orientation.

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