scholarly journals The auditory continuity phenomenon: Role of temporal sequence structure

1999 ◽  
Vol 106 (6) ◽  
pp. 3529-3538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn Drake ◽  
Stephen McAdams
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Sequence ◽  
Sequence Structure

Analysis of Spatial and Temporal Sequence Structure of the Environment Modality for Chinese Meishan Cultural Park

2013 ◽  
Vol 357-360 ◽  
pp. 228-232
Author(s):  
Chuan Li ◽  
Fei Hu Chen
Keyword(s):  
Space Time ◽  
Time Sequence ◽  
Temporal Sequence ◽  
Structure Theory ◽  
Sequence Structure ◽  
Structure Characteristics ◽  
Point Line ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

this thesis analyzes the spatial and temporal sequence structure of environment modality for Meishan Cultural Park, discussing its spatial sequence from the four aspects of point, line, surface, and body, and elaborating synchronic and diachronic structure characteristics of its time sequence. This thesis for the first time discusses the dialectical unity of the relationship between the two, thus forming a complete basic framework of space-time sequence structure theory, and proposing its revelation role of Meishan Cultural Park environmental and morphological designs on the designs of other cultures and environments.

Spatial and Temporal Sequence Learning in Patients with Parkinson's Disease or Cerebellar Lesions

2003 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 1232-1243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline C. Shin ◽  
Richard B. Ivry
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Learning ◽  
Functional Role ◽  
Phase Relationship ◽  
Reaction Time Task ◽  
Training Sequence ◽  
Temporal Sequence ◽  
General Role ◽  
Cerebellar Damage ◽  
Patient Groups

The functional role of different subcortical areas in sequence learning is not clear. In the current study, Parkinson's patients, patients with cerebellar damage, and age-matched control participants performed a serial reaction time task in which a spatial sequence and a temporal sequence were presented simultaneously. The responses were based on the spatial sequence, and the temporal sequence was incidental to the task. The two sequences were of the same length, and the phase relationship between them was held constant throughout training. Sequence learning was assessed comparing performance when both sequences were present versus when the dimension of interest was randomized. In addition, sequence integration was assessed by introducing phase-shift blocks. A functional dissociation was found between the two patient groups. Whereas the Parkinson's patients learned the spatial and temporal sequences individually, they did not learn the relationship between the two sequences, suggesting the basal ganglia play a functional role in sequence integration. In contrast, the cerebellar patients did not show any evidence of sequence learning at all, suggesting the cerebellum might play a general role in forming sequential associations.

Memory Encoding by Theta Phase Precession in the Hippocampal Network

2003 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 2379-2397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoyuki Sato ◽  
Yoko Yamaguchi
Keyword(s):  
Spike Timing ◽  
Temporal Sequence ◽  
Memory Storage ◽  
Trial Experience ◽  
Phase Precession ◽  
Rate Coding ◽  
Hippocampal Network ◽  
Theta Phase ◽  
Theta Phase Precession

Recent experimental evidence on spike-timing-dependent plasticity and on phase precession (i.e., the theta rhythm dependent firing of rat hippocampalcells) associates the contribution of phase precession to episodic memory. This article aims at clarifying the role of phase precession in memory storage. Computer simulations show that the memory storage in the behavioral timescale varies in timescale of the temporal sequence from half a second to several seconds. In contrast, the memory storage caused by traditional rate coding is restricted to the temporal sequence within 40 ms. During phase precession, memory storage of a single trial experience is possible, even in the presence of noise. It is therefore concluded that encoding by phase precession is appropriate for memory storage of the temporal sequence in the behavioral timescale.

The Role of Temporal Sequence Learning in Guiding Visual Attention Allocation

2007 ◽  
Vol 51 (19) ◽  
pp. 1368-1372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah M. Miller ◽  
Wai-Tat Fu
Keyword(s):  
Visual Attention ◽  
Sequence Learning ◽  
Temporal Sequence ◽  
Attention Allocation ◽  
Display Design ◽  
Visual Sampling ◽  
Performance Results ◽  
And Training

Models of visual attention allocation suggest that monitoring is driven primarily by proximal cues like bandwidth and value. However, these cues might not always be predictive of the meaningful events an operator is asked to monitor. The aim of the current study is to extend visual sampling models by studying whether sampling can be influenced by more distal cues, like detecting patterns in the monitored signal, when proximal cues, like bandwidth, are not predictive of the meaningful events the operator is asked to monitor. Ten participants completed a task based on Senders' (1964) experiment where operators were asked to monitor a series of four gauges to detect when the gauges traveled into the alarm region. The performance results suggest that participants could successfully adapt to the temporal sequence. However, participants did not show explicit awareness of the sequence, indicating that this type of learning could, in some cases, be implicit. Implications for display design and training are discussed.

scholarly journals Dynamic encoding of saccade sequences in primate frontal eye field

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Jia ◽  
Zhen Puyang ◽  
Qingjun Wang ◽  
Xin Jin ◽  
Aihua Chen
Keyword(s):  
Critical Role ◽  
Frontal Eye Field ◽  
List Type ◽  
Sequence Structure ◽  
Reversible Inactivation ◽  
Eye Field ◽  
Saccade Direction ◽  
Context Dependent

AbstractFrontal eye field (FEF) is a key part of oculomotor system, with dominant responses to the direction of single saccades. However, whether and how FEF contributes to sequential saccades remain largely unknown. Here by training rhesus monkeys to perform sequential saccades and recording the neuronal activities in FEF, we found that the sequence-related activities are clearly represented in FEF, and many neurons’ selectivity to saccade direction undergoes dynamic changes during sequential task. In addition, the sequence-related activities are context-dependent, with different firing activities during memory- versus visually-guided sequence. Supra-threshold microstimulation in FEF evokes saccade without altering the overall sequence structure. Pharmacological inactivation of FEF severely impaired the monkey’s performance of sequential saccades, with different effects on the same actions at different positions within the sequence. These results reveal the context-dependent dynamic encoding of saccade direction in FEF, and underscore a critical role of FEF in planning and execution of sequential saccades.In BriefJia, Puyang et al. employed in vivo recording to reveal the dynamic encoding of sequential saccades in primate frontal eye field (FEF), then used electric microstimulation and reversible inactivation to demonstrate the causal role of FEF in controlling saccade sequences.HighlightsFEF neurons respond differently during sequential vs. single saccadesSequence-related FEF activity is context-dependentFEF microstimulation induced saccade without altering sequence structureFEF inactivation severely impaired the performance of sequential saccades

scholarly journals The Urfold: Structural Similarity Just above the Superfold Level?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cameron Mura ◽  
Stella Veretnik ◽  
Philip E. Bourne
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Structural Similarity ◽  
Structural Classification ◽  
Sequence Structure ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Classification Schemes ◽  
Precise Meaning ◽  
And Topology ◽  
Protein Structural Analysis

OverviewWe suspect that there is a level of granularity of protein structure intermediate between the classical levels of ‘architecture’ and ‘topology’, as reflected in such phenomena as extensive 3D structural similarity above the level of (super)folds. Here, we examine this notion of architectural identity despite topological variability, starting with a concept that we call the ‘Urfold’. We believe that this model could offer a new conceptual approach for protein structural analysis and classification: indeed, the Urfold concept may help reconcile various phenomena that have been frequently recognized or debated for years, such as the precise meaning of ‘significant’ structural overlap and the degree of continuity of fold space. More broadly, the role of structural similarity in sequence/structure/function evolution has been studied via many models over the years; the Urfold may help synthesize these models into a generalized, consistent framework, by addressing a conceptual gap that we believe exists between the architecture and topology levels of structural classification schemes.

THE TEMPORAL SEQUENCE OF SYNAPTIC INITIATION, CROSSING OVER AND SYNAPTIC COMPLETION

Genetics ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-370
Author(s):  
Marjorie P Maguire
Keyword(s):  
Synaptonemal Complex ◽  
Temporal Sequence ◽  
Paracentric Inversion ◽  
Testable Hypothesis ◽  
Crossing Over ◽  
Crossover Frequency ◽  
Maize Chromosome

ABSTRACT Questions are raised as to the validity of arguments that crossover positions have been demonstrated to be normally established only during pachytene (after synapsis is maximal). An alternative and testable hypothesis is that crossover commitment can occur at events of synaptic initiation.—Measurements are presented of extents of pachytene synapsis and failure in and around a region of maize chromosome heterozygous for a short paracentric inversion, and these are compared to conjectured expectations from observations of crossover frequencies within the inversion. Various hypotheses consistent with the results are considered. It is pointed out that the hypothesis that increases in crossover frequency in the synapsed region of the inversion are compensatory to crossover inhibitions elsewhere requires complex assumptions: that the adjustment must take place among, not within cells and that the enhancement is preferentially expressed within the inversion instead of elsewhere in the genome. The hypothesis that the fixing and squashing procedure forces apart non-crossover regions previously synapsed but lacking a crossover also requires complex assumptions. The simplest hypothesis proposes that crossover commitment may determine synaptic expression. A role of the synaptonemal complex in the establishment of crossover sites is questioned or minimized.—Evidence is also presented with respect to conceivable function of the telomere in synaptic initiation. Restrictions on such a function, if it exists, seem to be required to account for the observations.

scholarly journals Role of Temporal Sequence in Treating Intracerebral Hemorrhage

2020 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-238
Author(s):  
Daniel F. Hanley ◽  
Issam A. Awad ◽  
Wendy C. Ziai
Keyword(s):  
Intracerebral Hemorrhage ◽  
Temporal Sequence

scholarly journals Common Functions of Disordered Proteins across Evolutionary Distant Organisms

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 2105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arndt Wallmann ◽  
Christopher Kesten
Keyword(s):  
Protein Function ◽  
Intrinsically Disordered Proteins ◽  
Disordered Proteins ◽  
Plant Proteins ◽  
Sequence Structure ◽  
Intrinsically Disordered ◽  
Bioinformatic Approaches ◽  
The Common ◽  
Function Relationship

Intrinsically disordered proteins and regions typically lack a well-defined structure and thus fall outside the scope of the classic sequence–structure–function relationship. Hence, classic sequence- or structure-based bioinformatic approaches are often not well suited to identify homology or predict the function of unknown intrinsically disordered proteins. Here, we give selected examples of intrinsic disorder in plant proteins and present how protein function is shared, altered or distinct in evolutionary distant organisms. Furthermore, we explore how examining the specific role of disorder across different phyla can provide a better understanding of the common features that protein disorder contributes to the respective biological mechanism.

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