Interpreting Garner interference

1999 ◽  
Vol 106 (4) ◽  
pp. 2276-2276
Author(s):  
Shawn Weil ◽  
Mark Pitt
Keyword(s):  
Garner Interference

Speaker Variations Influence Speechreading Speed for Dynamic Faces

Perception ◽  
10.1068/p5104 ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 595-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jürgen M Kaufmann ◽  
Stefan R Schweinberger
Keyword(s):  
Face Perception ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Dynamic Information ◽  
Static Mode ◽  
Dynamic Stimuli ◽  
Distributed Models ◽  
Garner Interference ◽  
Dynamic Faces ◽  
Task Irrelevant

We investigated the influence of task-irrelevant speaker variations on speechreading performance. In three experiments with video digitised faces presented either in dynamic, static-sequential, or static mode, participants performed speeded classifications on vowel utterances (German vowels /u/ and /i/). A Garner interference paradigm was used, in which speaker identity was task-irrelevant but could be either correlated, constant, or orthogonal to the vowel uttered. Reaction times for facial speech classifications were slowed by task-irrelevant speaker variations for dynamic stimuli. The results are discussed with reference to distributed models of face perception (Haxby et al, 2000 Trends in Cognitive Sciences4 223–233) and the relevance of both dynamic information and speaker characteristics for speechreading.

Garner-Interference in left-handed awkward grasping

2014 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 579-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Owino Eloka ◽  
Felix Feuerhake ◽  
Markus Janczyk ◽  
Volker H. Franz
Keyword(s):  
Garner Interference ◽  
Left Handed

Garner’s paradigm and audiovisual correspondence in dynamic stimuli: Pitch and vertical direction

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (0) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Zohar Eitan ◽  
Lawrence E. Marks
Keyword(s):  
Visual Motion ◽  
Ecological Validity ◽  
Vertical Direction ◽  
Auditory Task ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Dynamic Stimuli ◽  
Garner Interference ◽  
Pitch Direction ◽  
Visual Tasks ◽  
Dynamic Time

Garner’s speeded discrimination paradigm is a central tool in studying crossmodal interaction, revealing automatic perceptual correspondences between dimensions in different modalities. To date, however, the paradigm has been used solely with static, unchanging stimuli, limiting its ecological validity. Here, we use Garner’s paradigm to examine interactions between dynamic (time-varying) audiovisual dimensions — pitch direction and vertical visual motion. In Experiment 1, 32 participants rapidly discriminated ascending vs. descending pitch glides, ignoring concurrent visual motion (auditory task), and ascending vs. descending visual motion, ignoring pitch change (visual task). Results in both tasks revealed strong congruence effects, but no Garner interference, an unusual pattern inconsistent with some interpretations of Garner interference. To examine whether this pattern of results is specific to dynamic stimuli, Experiment 2 (testing another 64 participants) used a modified Garner design with two baseline conditions: The irrelevant stimuli were dynamic in one baseline and static in the other, the test stimuli always being dynamic. The results showed significant Garner interference relative to the static baseline (for both the auditory and visual tasks), but not relative to the dynamic baseline. Congruence effects were evident throughout. We suggest that dynamic stimuli reduce attention to and memory of between-trial variation, thereby reducing Garner interference. Because congruence effects depend primarily on within-trial relations, however, congruence effects are unaffected. Results indicate how a classic tool such as Garner’s paradigm, used productively to examine dimensional interactions between static stimuli, may be readily adapted to probe the radically different behavior of dynamic, time-varying multisensory stimuli.

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