Modified LPC resynthesis for controlling speech stimulus discriminability

1998 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 1855-1855
Author(s):  
Athanassios Protopapas
Keyword(s):  
Speech Stimulus ◽  
Stimulus Discriminability

Stimulus discriminability and identifications

1964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Sandusky ◽  
Allen Parducci
Keyword(s):  
Stimulus Discriminability

scholarly journals Effect of Intensity Level and Speech Stimulus Type on the Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (09) ◽  
pp. 792-801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Easterday ◽  
Patrick N. Plyler ◽  
James D. Lewis ◽  
Steven M. Doettl
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Vestibular Nuclei ◽  
Auditory Stimulation ◽  
Broadband Noise ◽  
Speech Stimulus ◽  
Intensity Level ◽  
Acoustic Reflex ◽  
Ocular Reflex ◽  
Vestibulo Ocular Reflex ◽  
Acoustic Reflex Threshold

AbstractAccurate vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) measurement requires control of extravestibular suppressive factors such as visual fixation. Although visual fixation is the dominant suppressor and has been extensively studied, the mechanisms underlying suppression from nonvisual factors of attention and auditory stimulation are less clear. It has been postulated that the nonvisual suppression of the VOR is the result of one of two mechanisms: (1) activation of auditory reception areas excites efferent pathways to the vestibular nuclei, thus inhibiting the VOR or (2) cortical modulation of the VOR results from directed attention, which implies a nonmodality-specific process.The purpose of this research was to determine if the VOR is affected by the intensity level and/or type of speech stimulus.A repeated measures design was used. The experiment was single-blinded.Participants included 17 adults (14 females, three males) between the ages of 18–34 years who reported normal oculomotor, vestibular, neurological, and musculoskeletal function.Each participant underwent slow harmonic acceleration testing in a rotational chair. VOR gain was assessed at 0.02, 0.08, and 0.32 Hz in quiet (baseline). VOR gain was also assessed at each frequency while a forward running speech stimulus (attentional) or a backward running speech stimulus (nonattentional) was presented binaurally via insert earphones at 42, 62, and 82 dBA. The order of the conditions was randomized across participants. VOR difference gain was calculated as VOR gain in the auditory condition minus baseline VOR gain. To evaluate auditory efferent function, the medial olivocochlear reflex (MOCR) was assayed using transient-evoked otoacoustic emissions (right ear) measured in the presence and absence of broadband noise (left ear). Contralateral acoustic reflex thresholds were also assessed using a broadband noise elicitor. A three-way repeated measures analysis of variance was conducted to evaluate the effect of frequency, intensity level, and speech type on VOR difference gain. Correlations were conducted to determine if difference gain was related to the strength of the MOCR and/or to the acoustic reflex threshold.The analysis of variance indicated that VOR difference gain was not significantly affected by the intensity level or the type of speech stimulus. Correlations indicated VOR difference gain was not significantly related to the strength of the MOCR or the acoustic reflex threshold.The results were in contrast to previous research examining the effect of auditory stimulation on VOR gain as auditory stimulation did not produce VOR suppression or enhancement for most of the participants. Methodological differences between the studies may explain the discrepant results. The removal of an acoustic target from space to attend to may have prevented suppression or enhancement of the VOR. Findings support the hypothesis that VOR gain may be affected by cortical modulation through directed attention rather than due to activation of efferent pathways to the vestibular nuclei.

Encoding of a binaural speech stimulus at the brainstem level in middle-aged adults

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
A K Neupane ◽  
S K Sinha ◽  
K Gururaj
Keyword(s):  
Binaural Hearing ◽  
Auditory Pathway ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Speech Stimulus ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Responses ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Fast Fourier Transform Analysis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Middle Aged Adults

Abstract Objective Binaural hearing is facilitated by neural interactions in the auditory pathway. Ageing results in impairment of localisation and listening in noisy situations without any significant hearing loss. The present study focused on comparing the binaural encoding of a speech stimulus at the subcortical level in middle-aged versus younger adults, based on speech-evoked auditory brainstem responses. Methods Thirty participants (15 young adults and 15 middle-aged adults) with normal hearing sensitivity (less than 15 dB HL) participated in the study. The speech-evoked auditory brainstem response was recorded monaurally and binaurally with a 40-ms /da/ stimulus. Fast Fourier transform analysis was utilised. Results An independent sample t-test revealed a significant difference between the two groups in fundamental frequency (F0) amplitude recorded with binaural stimulation. Conclusion The present study suggested that ageing results in degradation of F0 encoding, which is essential for the perception of speech in noise.

Effect of Release Time on Preferred Gain and Speech Acoustics

2004 ◽  
Vol 15 (09) ◽  
pp. 605-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas F. Muller ◽  
Frances P. Harris ◽  
John C. Ellison
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Speech Stimulus ◽  
Release Time ◽  
Ear Canal ◽  
Continuous Speech ◽  
Adaptive Procedure ◽  
Speech Acoustics

Eighteen experienced hearing aid users with mild to moderate sensorineural hearing loss were fit with a digital hearing instrument. An adaptive procedure was used to determine their preferred gain setting for continuous speech under six conditions. Release time (RT) was set to 40, 160, or 640 msec. A prerecorded speech stimulus was presented in quiet or in the presence of multitalker babble (10 dB signal-to-babble ratio); all other compression variables were fixed. Real-ear data obtained with settings for each condition suggest that RT did not affect gain preference; however, subjects preferred higher gain in the presence of the multitalker babble. The RMS amplitudes of 30 phonemic units were calculated using ear canal recordings of the speech stimulus for each subject in each condition. Altering RT resulted primarily in decreased amplitude with increased RT, but this effect was not predictable across listeners or conditions.

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