Response characteristics of neurons in columnar organization of the primary auditory cortex of Mongolian gerbils

1996 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 2631-2631
Author(s):  
Shunji Sugimoto ◽  
Masaki Sakurada ◽  
Junsei Horikawa ◽  
Ikuo Taniguchi
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Cortex ◽  
Primary Auditory Cortex ◽  
Mongolian Gerbils ◽  
Response Characteristics ◽  
Columnar Organization

scholarly journals Effects of deafness and cochlear implant use on temporal response characteristics in cat primary auditory cortex

2014 ◽  
Vol 315 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
James B. Fallon ◽  
Robert K. Shepherd ◽  
David A.X. Nayagam ◽  
Andrew K. Wise ◽  
Leon F. Heffer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Cortex ◽  
Cochlear Implant ◽  
Primary Auditory Cortex ◽  
Temporal Response ◽  
Response Characteristics

Spectrotemporal Structure of Receptive Fields in Areas AI and AAF of Mouse Auditory Cortex

2003 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 2660-2675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer F. Linden ◽  
Robert C. Liu ◽  
Maneesh Sahani ◽  
Christoph E. Schreiner ◽  
Michael M. Merzenich
Keyword(s):  
Receptive Field ◽  
Auditory Cortex ◽  
Receptive Fields ◽  
Primary Auditory Cortex ◽  
Dynamic Stimuli ◽  
Tuning Curves ◽  
Response Characteristics ◽  
Spectrotemporal Receptive Fields ◽  
Auditory Field ◽  
Tonal Stimuli

The mouse is a promising model system for auditory cortex research because of the powerful genetic tools available for manipulating its neural circuitry. Previous studies have identified two tonotopic auditory areas in the mouse—primary auditory cortex (AI) and anterior auditory field (AAF)— but auditory receptive fields in these areas have not yet been described. To establish a foundation for investigating auditory cortical circuitry and plasticity in the mouse, we characterized receptive-field structure in AI and AAF of anesthetized mice using spectrally complex and temporally dynamic stimuli as well as simple tonal stimuli. Spectrotemporal receptive fields (STRFs) were derived from extracellularly recorded responses to complex stimuli, and frequency-intensity tuning curves were constructed from responses to simple tonal stimuli. Both analyses revealed temporal differences between AI and AAF responses: peak latencies and receptive-field durations for STRFs and first-spike latencies for responses to tone bursts were significantly longer in AI than in AAF. Spectral properties of AI and AAF receptive fields were more similar, although STRF bandwidths were slightly broader in AI than in AAF. Finally, in both AI and AAF, a substantial minority of STRFs were spectrotemporally inseparable. The spectrotemporal interaction typically appeared in the form of clearly disjoint excitatory and inhibitory subfields or an obvious spectrotemporal slant in the STRF. These data provide the first detailed description of auditory receptive fields in the mouse and suggest that although neurons in areas AI and AAF share many response characteristics, area AAF may be specialized for faster temporal processing.

scholarly journals Optogenetic stimulation of the VTA modulates a frequency-specific gain of thalamocortical inputs in infragranular layers of the auditory cortex

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael G. K. Brunk ◽  
Katrina E. Deane ◽  
Martin Kisse ◽  
Matthias Deliano ◽  
Silvia Vieweg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Cortex ◽  
Information Transfer ◽  
Cortical Plasticity ◽  
Current Source ◽  
Primary Auditory Cortex ◽  
Mongolian Gerbils ◽  
Spectral Processing ◽  
Optogenetic Stimulation ◽  
Spectral Integration ◽  
Stimulation Of

AbstractBackgroundReward associations during auditory learning induce cortical plasticity in the primary auditory cortex. A prominent source of such influence is the ventral tegmental area (VTA), which conveys a dopaminergic teaching signal to the primary auditory cortex. It is currently unknown, however, how the VTA circuitry thereby influences cortical frequency information processing and spectral integration. In this study, we therefore investigated the temporal effects of direct optogenetic stimulation of the VTA onto spectral integration in the auditory cortex on a synaptic circuit level by current-source-density analysis in anesthetized Mongolian gerbils.ResultsWhile auditory lemniscal input predominantly terminates in the granular input layers III/IV, we found that VTA-mediated modulation of spectral processing is relayed by a different circuit, namely enhanced thalamic inputs to the infragranular layers Vb/VIa. Activation of this circuit yields a frequency-specific gain amplification of local sensory input and enhances corticocortical information transfer, especially in supragranular layers I/II. This effects further persisted over more than 30 minutes after VTA stimulation.ConclusionsAltogether, we demonstrate that the VTA exhibits a long-lasting influence on sensory cortical processing via infragranular layers transcending the signaling of a mere reward-prediction error. Our findings thereby demonstrate a cellular and circuit substrate for the influence of reinforcement-evaluating brain systems on sensory processing in the auditory cortex.

scholarly journals Layer-Specific Intracortical Amplification Shortens the Lifetime of Thalamocortical Repetition Suppression in Auditory Cortex

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Ma ◽  
Michael Brunk ◽  
Artur Matysiak ◽  
Nina Härtwich ◽  
Frank Ohl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Cortex ◽  
Current Source ◽  
Primary Auditory Cortex ◽  
Meriones Unguiculatus ◽  
Neural Adaptation ◽  
Fundamental Aspect ◽  
Mongolian Gerbils ◽  
Cortical Layers ◽  
Repetition Suppression ◽  
Granular Layers

Abstract Neural adaptation in sensory cortex serves important sensory functions, and is altered by various neurophsychiatric diseases. Although adaptation is a widely studied phenomenon, much remains unknown about its underlying mechanisms on a cortical circuit level. Here, we investigated repetition suppression as fundamental aspect of adaptation by layer-specific current source density analyses of synaptic mass activities in primary auditory cortex of anesthetized Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus). We disentangled different synaptic contributions to repetition suppression in different cortical layers, and separated thalamocortical from intracortical inputs by cortical silencing with GABAA-agonist muscimol. We systematically varied stimulus onset intervals and employed statistically robust model fitting based on bootstrapping to determine the full suppression kinetics of different synaptic responses in the steady state. Whereas thalamocortical input to granular and infragranular layers was governed by longer lasting repetition suppression, most likely reflecting depression of thalamocortical synapses, intracortical amplification in granular layers shortened the lifetime of suppression by re-enhancing granular responses mainly through synchronization of synaptic events. With increasing latency, the shorter lasting suppression kinetics observed in granular layers at early latencies (<100ms) passed on to deeper layers replacing the longer lasting infragranular suppression kinetics. Granular circuit dynamics can therefore actively shape neural adaptation across cortical layers.

scholarly journals Optogenetic stimulation of the VTA modulates a frequency-specific gain of thalamocortical inputs in infragranular layers of the auditory cortex

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael G. K. Brunk ◽  
Katrina E. Deane ◽  
Martin Kisse ◽  
Matthias Deliano ◽  
Silvia Vieweg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Cortex ◽  
Information Transfer ◽  
Cortical Plasticity ◽  
Current Source ◽  
Primary Auditory Cortex ◽  
Mongolian Gerbils ◽  
Spectral Processing ◽  
Optogenetic Stimulation ◽  
Spectral Integration ◽  
Stimulation Of

AbstractReward associations during auditory learning induce cortical plasticity in the primary auditory cortex. A prominent source of such influence is the ventral tegmental area (VTA), which conveys a dopaminergic teaching signal to the primary auditory cortex. Yet, it is unknown, how the VTA influences cortical frequency processing and spectral integration. Therefore, we investigated the temporal effects of direct optogenetic stimulation of the VTA onto spectral integration in the auditory cortex on a synaptic circuit level by current-source-density analysis in anesthetized Mongolian gerbils. While auditory lemniscal input predominantly terminates in the granular input layers III/IV, we found that VTA-mediated modulation of spectral processing is relayed by a different circuit, namely enhanced thalamic inputs to the infragranular layers Vb/VIa. Activation of this circuit yields a frequency-specific gain amplification of local sensory input and enhances corticocortical information transfer, especially in supragranular layers I/II. This effects persisted over more than 30 minutes after VTA stimulation. Altogether, we demonstrate that the VTA exhibits a long-lasting influence on sensory cortical processing via infragranular layers transcending the signaling of a mere reward-prediction error. We thereby demonstrate a cellular and circuit substrate for the influence of reinforcement-evaluating brain systems on sensory processing in the auditory cortex.

scholarly journals Thalamocortical and intracortical contributions to stimulus-evoked and oscillatory activity in rodent primary auditory cortex

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Jeschke ◽  
Frank W. Ohl
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Cortex ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Frequency Tuning ◽  
Current Source ◽  
Primary Auditory Cortex ◽  
Sensory Stimulation ◽  
Gamma Oscillations ◽  
Oscillatory Activity ◽  
Mongolian Gerbils ◽  
Horizontal Connections

Intracortical, horizontal connections seem ideally suited to contribute to cortical processing by spreading information across cortical space and coordinating activity between distant cortical sites. In sensory systems experiments have implicated horizontal connections in the generation of receptive fields and have in turn led to computational models of receptive field generation that rely on the contribution of horizontal connections. Testing the contribution of horizontal connections at the mesoscopic level has been difficult due to the lack of a suitable method to observe the activity of intracortical horizontal connections. Here, we develop such a method based on the analysis of the relative residues of the cortical laminar current source density reconstructions. In the auditory cortex of Mongolian gerbils, the method is then tested by manipulating the contribution of horizontal connections by surgical dissection. Our results indicate that intracortical horizontal connections contribute to the frequency-tuning of mesoscopic cortical patches. Futhermore, we dissociated a type of cortical gamma oscillation based on horizontal connections between mesoscopic patches from gamma oscillations locally generated within mesoscopic patches. The data further imply that global and local coordination of activity during sensory stimulation occur in a low and high gamma frequency band, respectively. Taken together the present data demonstrate that intracortical horizontal connections play an important role in generating cortical feature tuning and coordinate neuronal oscillations across cortex.

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