Search for Zwicker’s specific loudness function.

Rhona Hellman; Mary Florentine

doi:10.1121/1.403429

The Effect of Stapedectomy on the Loudness of One’s Own Voice

Journal of Speech and Hearing Research ◽

10.1044/jshr.0803.223 ◽

1965 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 223-234 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

William Melnick

Keyword(s):

Middle Ear ◽

Normal Subjects ◽

Sound Energy ◽

Loudness Function ◽

Before And After ◽

Increased Sensitivity

Five subjects with normal middle ear mechanisms, and otosclerotic patients, before and after stapedectomy, matched the loudness of their voices to the loudness of a 125-cps-sawtooth noise. The results showed loudness matching functions with gradual slopes, less than 1.00, for the normal subjects and the patients prior to stapedectomy. Post-surgically, the loudness function for the patients increased in steepness to considerably more than 1.00. These results are explained, most logically, in terms of increased sensitivity of the altered middle ear to sound energy generated by the listener’s own voice.

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Magnitude of the Standard, Numerical Value of the Standard, and Stimulus Spacing in the Estimation of Loudness

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.2466/pms.1965.21.1.151 ◽

1965 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 151-156 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Jacob Beck ◽

William A. Shaw

Keyword(s):

Loudness Function ◽

Stimulus Spacing

Experiments studied magnitude estimations of loudness as a function of the magnitude of the standard, the numerical value of the standard and the stimulus spacing. The results indicate that (a) the magnitude and numerical value of the standard may have marked effects on the judgment of loudnesses and (b) the distribution of the stimuli does not produce notable effects in the over-all form of the loudness function. Several possible sources of bias were investigated.

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Magnitude Estimation of Loudness I Application to Hearing Aid Selection

Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research ◽

10.1044/jshr.2701.20 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 20-27 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Daniel Geller ◽

Robert H. Margolis

Keyword(s):

Magnitude Estimation ◽

Hearing Aid ◽

Normal Hearing ◽

Hearing Impaired ◽

Octave Band ◽

Loudness Function ◽

Comfortable Loudness ◽

Tonal Stimuli

Three experiments were conducted to explore the utility of magnitude estimation of loudness for hearing aid selection. In Experiment 1 the loudness discomfort level (LDL), most comfortable loudness (MCL), and magnitude estimations (MEs) of loudness were obtained from normal-hearing subjects. MCLs fell within a range of loudnesses that was relatively low on the loudness function. The LDLs were lower than previously published values. Experiment 2 was performed to identify the source of disparity between our LDL data and previously reported results. The effects of instructions are demonstrated and discussed. In Experiment 3 magnitude estimations of loudness were used to determine the loudness of tonal stimuli selected to represent ⅓ octave band levels of speech. Over the 500–4000 Hz range, the contributions of the various frequency regions to the loudness of speech appears to be nearly constant. Methods are proposed for (a) predicting the frequency-gain response of a hearing aid that restores normal loudness for speech for the hearing-impaired listener and (b) psychophysically evaluating the compression characteristic of a hearing aid.

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Acoustic reflex measurements and the loudness function in sensorineural hearing loss

South African Journal of Communication Disorders ◽

10.4102/sajcd.v27i1.363 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sheila Uliel

Keyword(s):

Hearing Loss ◽

Differential Diagnosis ◽

Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽

Acoustic Impedance ◽

Pure Tone ◽

Sensorineural Hearing ◽

Acoustic Reflex ◽

Reflex Responses ◽

Loudness Function ◽

The Individual

The suprathreshold acoustic reflex responses of forty two ears affected by sensorineural hearing loss of cochlear origin and fifty-eight ears demonstrating normal hearing, were recorded by means of an electro-acoustic impedance meter and attached X-Y recorder. The recordings were done in ascending and descending fashion, at successively increasing and decreasing 5dB intensity levels from 90-120-90 dB HL respectively, for the individual pure-tone frequencies of 500, 1 000, 2 000 and 4 000 Hz. The contralateral mode of measurement was employed. Analysis of these recordings indicated that the acoustic reflex responses could be differentiated into five characteristic patterns of growth, which could be depicted upon a continuum of peaked, peaked-rounded, rounded, rounded-flat, and flat shapes. The peaked and peaked-rounded patterns were found to predominate at all four pure-tone frequencies in the normal ears, while the rounded-fiat and flat patterns were found to predominate only at the higher pure-tone frequencies of 2 000 and 4 000 Hz in the ears affected by sensorineural hearing loss. This latter relationship was also able to be applied to two disorders of the loudness functio— loudness recruitment and hyperacusis. It was concluded that the flattened acoustic reflex patterns at the higher pure-tone frequencies constituted a potential diagnostic cue related to the differential diagnosis of sensorineural hearing loss, and to disorders of the loudness function.

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