Generalized Kirchhoff approach to the ocean surface‐scatter communication channel. Part II: Second‐order functions

1982 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 1487-1495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence J. Ziomek
Keyword(s):  
Communication Channel ◽  
Ocean Surface ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Surface Scatter

Three-scale Radar Backscattering Model of the Ocean Surface Based on Second-order Scattering

PIERS Online ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Yu ◽  
Xiao-Qing Wang ◽  
Min-Hui Zhu ◽  
Jiang Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Surface ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Radar Backscattering

scholarly journals Nonlinear Wave Kinematics near the Ocean Surface

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. 1657-1673 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. B. Smit ◽  
T. T. Janssen ◽  
T. H. C. Herbers
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Surface ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
Inviscid Fluid ◽  
Random Waves ◽  
Usual Practice ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Wave Kinematics ◽  
Highly Nonlinear ◽  
Surface Kinematics

AbstractEstimation of second-order, near-surface wave kinematics is important for interpretation of ocean surface remote sensing and surface-following instruments, determining loading on offshore structures, and understanding of upper-ocean transport processes. Unfortunately, conventional wave theories based on Stokes-type expansions do not consider fluid motions at levels above the unperturbed fluid level. The usual practice of extrapolating the fluid kinematics from the unperturbed free surface to higher points in the fluid is generally reasonable for narrowband waves, but for broadband ocean waves this results in dramatic (and nonphysical) overestimation of surface velocities. Consequently, practical approximations for random waves are at best empirical and are often only loosely constrained by physical principles. In the present work, the authors formulate the governing equations for water waves in an incompressible and inviscid fluid, using a boundary-fitted coordinate system (i.e., sigma or s coordinates) to derive expressions for near-surface kinematics in nonlinear random waves from first principles. Comparison to a numerical model valid for highly nonlinear waves shows that the new results 1) are consistent with second-order Stokes theory, 2) are similar to extrapolation methods in narrowband waves, and 3) greatly improve estimates of surface kinematics in random seas.

scholarly journals A non-linear second-order stochastic model of ocean surface waves

2001 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 409-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maminirina Joelson ◽  
Alfred Ramamonjiarisoa
Keyword(s):  
Stochastic Model ◽  
Surface Waves ◽  
Ocean Surface ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Ocean Surface Waves ◽  
Non Linear
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