Multi‐year use of unique complex songs by western arctic bowhead whales: Evidence from three years of overwinter recordings in the Chukchi Sea.

2011 ◽  
Vol 129 (4) ◽  
pp. 2638-2638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julien Delarue
Keyword(s):  
Chukchi Sea ◽  
Bowhead Whales ◽  
Western Arctic

scholarly journals N2O dynamics in the western Arctic Ocean during the summer of 2017

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jang-Mu Heo ◽  
Seong-Su Kim ◽  
Sung-Ho Kang ◽  
Eun Jin Yang ◽  
Ki-Tae Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Chukchi Sea ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Western Arctic Ocean ◽  
Deep Layers ◽  
Western Arctic

AbstractThe western Arctic Ocean (WAO) has experienced increased heat transport into the region, sea-ice reduction, and changes to the WAO nitrous oxide (N2O) cycles from greenhouse gases. We investigated WAO N2O dynamics through an intensive and precise N2O survey during the open-water season of summer 2017. The effects of physical processes (i.e., solubility and advection) were dominant in both the surface (0–50 m) and deep layers (200–2200 m) of the northern Chukchi Sea with an under-saturation of N2O. By contrast, both the surface layer (0–50 m) of the southern Chukchi Sea and the intermediate (50–200 m) layer of the northern Chukchi Sea were significantly influenced by biogeochemically derived N2O production (i.e., through nitrification), with N2O over-saturation. During summer 2017, the southern region acted as a source of atmospheric N2O (mean: + 2.3 ± 2.7 μmol N2O m−2 day−1), whereas the northern region acted as a sink (mean − 1.3 ± 1.5 μmol N2O m−2 day−1). If Arctic environmental changes continue to accelerate and consequently drive the productivity of the Arctic Ocean, the WAO may become a N2O “hot spot”, and therefore, a key region requiring continued observations to both understand N2O dynamics and possibly predict their future changes.

scholarly journals Transport of trace metals (Mn, Fe, Ni, Zn and Cd) in the western Arctic Ocean (Chukchi Sea and Canada Basin) in late summer 2012

2016 ◽  
Vol 116 ◽  
pp. 236-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiko Kondo ◽  
Hajime. Obata ◽  
Nanako Hioki ◽  
Atsushi Ooki ◽  
Shigeto Nishino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Chukchi Sea ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Canada Basin ◽  
Western Arctic Ocean ◽  
Western Arctic

Stable carbon and nitrogen isotope patterns in baleen from eastern Arctic bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus)

1998 ◽  
Vol 55 (12) ◽  
pp. 2601-2607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith A Hobson ◽  
Don M Schell
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Ecology ◽  
Nitrogen Isotope ◽  
Protein Catabolism ◽  
Stable Carbon ◽  
Balaena Mysticetus ◽  
Bowhead Whales ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Western Arctic ◽  
Periodic Fluctuations

Previous measurements of naturally occurring stable isotopes of carbon (delta13C) and nitrogen (delta15N) along the baleen plates of western Arctic bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus) have provided a continuous lifetime record of the feeding or nutritional ecology of these animals that migrate annually between isotopically different foodwebs. However, virtually nothing was known about isotopic patterns of eastern Arctic bowheads. We measured delta13C and delta15N values along the baleen plates of three eastern and one western Arctic bowhead whales taken from Canadian waters in 1988 and 1996. In contrast to western Arctic animals, we found strong evidence for periodic fluctuations in delta15N but not delta13C values in the eastern Arctic specimens. We interpret these results as evidence that eastern Arctic animals do not move between foodwebs that differ in delta13C signature and suggest that these whales either (i) move annually between areas isotopically enriched in 15N but not 13C, (ii) shift diet annually by about one third of a trophic level, or (iii) undergo seasonal fasting that results in enrichment of baleen delta15N resulting from protein catabolism.

Pan-Arctic Population Movements

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Friesen
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Population Movement ◽  
Motivating Factors ◽  
Population Movements ◽  
Bowhead Whales ◽  
The North ◽  
North American Arctic ◽  
Western Arctic ◽  
Small Tool

This chapter provides description and interpretation of the two major, well-documented episodes of Arctic-wide migrations. The Paleo-Inuit (also called Paleoeskimo or Arctic Small Tool tradition) migration began around 3,200 B.C., with penetration of the central Arctic by highly mobile, small-scale hunter-gatherer groups. By around 2,500 B.C., the entire eastern Arctic had been peopled by cultures known as Pre-Dorset, Saqqaq, and Independence I. The Thule Inuit migration began around A.D. 1200, when complex maritime-oriented groups from the western Arctic initiated an extremely rapid population movement, spanning the North American Arctic within a generation. The chapter considers the timing and nature of each migration episode, as well as the motivating factors which have been proposed for them, including climate change, social or economic hardship, and acquisition of specific resources such as bowhead whales or metal.

scholarly journals Dissolved organic matter composition and bioavailability reflect ecosystem productivity in the Western Arctic Ocean

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 9571-9601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Shen ◽  
C. G. Fichot ◽  
R. Benner
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dissolved Organic Matter ◽  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Chukchi Sea ◽  
Ecosystem Productivity ◽  
Western Arctic Ocean ◽  
Western Arctic ◽  
High Yields

Abstract. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and total dissolved amino acids (TDAA) were measured in high (Chukchi Sea) and low (Beaufort Sea) productivity regions of the Western Arctic Ocean to investigate the composition and bioavailability of dissolved organic matter (DOM). Concentrations and DOC-normalized yields of TDAA in Chukchi surface waters were relatively high, indicating an accumulation of bioavailable DOM. High yields of TDAA were also observed in the upper halocline of slope and basin waters, indicating off-shelf transport of bioavailable DOM from the Chukchi Sea. In contrast, concentrations and yields of TDAA in Beaufort surface waters were relatively low, indicting DOM was of limited bioavailability. Yields of TDAA in the upper halocline of slope and basin waters were also low, suggesting the Beaufort is not a major source of bioavailable DOM to slope and basin waters. In shelf waters of both systems, elevated concentrations and yields of TDAA were often observed in waters with higher chlorophyll concentrations and productivity. Surface concentrations of DOC were similar (p > 0.05) in the two systems despite the contrasting productivity, but concentrations and yields of TDAA were significantly higher (p < 0.0001) in the Chukchi than in the Beaufort. Unlike bulk DOC, TDAA concentrations and yields reflect ecosystem productivity in the Western Arctic. The occurrence of elevated bioavailable DOM concentrations in the Chukchi implies an uncoupling between the biological production and utilization of DOM and has important implications for sustaining heterotrophic microbial growth and diversity in oligotrophic waters of the Central Arctic basins.

Seasonal acoustic presence of fin and bowhead whales in relation to prey abundance and oceanographic environments in the southern Chukchi Sea

2016 ◽  
Vol 140 (4) ◽  
pp. 3361-3361
Author(s):  
Koki Tsujii ◽  
Mayuko Otsuki ◽  
Tomonari Akamatsu ◽  
Ikuo Matsuo ◽  
Kazuo Amakasu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chukchi Sea ◽  
Prey Abundance ◽  
Bowhead Whales
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