scholarly journals Perstimulatory Loudness Adaptation: The Effect of Comparison‐Signal Duty Cycle

1974 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 449-450
Author(s):  
W. H. Ahaus ◽  
T. E. Stokinger ◽  
R. Vaughan
Keyword(s):  
Duty Cycle ◽  
Loudness Adaptation

The Type V Bekesy Pattern: The Effects of Loudness Memory

1968 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 567-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl W. Hattler
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Duty Cycle ◽  
Test Signal ◽  
Preliminary Training ◽  
Learning Effects ◽  
Fixed Frequency ◽  
Temporal Parameters ◽  
Pure Tones ◽  
Loudness Adaptation ◽  
Type V

Ten trained, audiometrically normal young adults heard a 1K-Hz reference tone at 50-dB or 80-dB SPL. They were instructed to maintain the reference loudness throughout a three-minute 1K-Hz fixed-frequency run. Seven test signals, consisting of one sustained and six differentially interrupted pure tones, were employed for loudness-memory tracking. Preliminary training eliminated learning effects. Thirty-second pretracking adaptation periods produced loudness adaptation which was complete to asymptote for each test signal. The tracking levels were inversely related to the signal’s duty cycle and were independent of other temporal parameters such as on-duration and interruption rate. The occurrence of the Type V Bekesy audiogram is attributed to the differential effects of memory upon the loudness of sustained and interrupted pure tones.

Two-photon excitation microscopy in cellular biophysics

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 62-63
Author(s):  
David W. Piston ◽  
Brian D. Bennett ◽  
Robert G. Summers
Keyword(s):  
Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Laser Beam ◽  
Duty Cycle ◽  
Excited Electronic State ◽  
Input Power ◽  
Two Photon ◽  
Simultaneous Absorption ◽  
Photon Excitation ◽  
Very High ◽  
Two Photon Excitation

Two-photon excitation microscopy (TPEM) provides attractive advantages over confocal microscopy for three-dimensionally resolved fluorescence imaging and photochemistry. Two-photon excitation arises from the simultaneous absorption of two photons in a single quantitized event whose probability is proportional to the square of the instantaneous intensity. For example, two red photons can cause the transition to an excited electronic state normally reached by absorption in the ultraviolet. In practice, two-photon excitation is made possible by the very high local instantaneous intensity provided by a combination of diffraction-limited focusing of a single laser beam in the microscope and the temporal concentration of 100 femtosecond pulses generated by a mode-locked laser. Resultant peak excitation intensities are 106 times greater than the CW intensities used in confocal microscopy, but the pulse duty cycle of 10-5 maintains the average input power on the order of 10 mW, only slightly greater than the power normally used in confocal microscopy.

Acoustic-Reflex Dynamics for Pulsed Signals

1978 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-308
Author(s):  
Terry L. Wiley ◽  
Raymond S. Karlovich
Keyword(s):  
Duty Cycle ◽  
Acoustic Impedance ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Broadband Noise ◽  
Threshold Shift ◽  
Temporary Threshold Shift ◽  
Acoustic Reflex ◽  
Stapedius Muscle ◽  
Duty Cycles

Contralateral acoustic-reflex measurements were taken for 10 normal-hearing subjects using a pulsed broadband noise as the reflex-activating signal. Acoustic impedance was measured at selected times during the on (response maximum) and off (response minimum) portions of the pulsed activator over a 2-min interval as a function of activator period and duty cycle. Major findings were that response maxima increased as a function of time for longer duty cycles and that response minima increased as a function of time for all duty cycles. It is hypothesized that these findings are attributable to the recovery characteristics of the stapedius muscle. An explanation of portions of the results from previous temporary threshold shift experiments on the basis of acoustic-reflex dynamics is proposed.

PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN GURU BAHASA INDONESIA DALAM MENYUSUN RENCANA PROGRAM PEMBELAJARAN (RPP) SDN 015 PAGARAN TAPAH DARUSSALAM MELALUI METODE PEMBERIAN TUGAS

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 713
Author(s):  
Mukhlis '
Keyword(s):  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Duty Cycle ◽  
Lesson Plans ◽  
Learning Program ◽  
School Subjects ◽  
Bahasa Indonesia

Based on the observation of some teachers found the symptoms as follows: the lack of abilityof Indonesian teachers in designing learning program (RPP), the learning device is only usedas a supplement and not to the needs of teaching, most teachers again if asked the lessonanswered not have or has not been made. The purpose of this research is to improve theability of Indonesian teachers in designing learning program (RPP) at SDN 015 PagaranTapah Darussalam through the method of administration tasks. This type of research is actionresearch school. Subjects in this study were teachers Indonesian as many as 12 people. Basedon the analysis and discussion can be concluded that the method of administration tasks canimprove the ability of Indonesian teachers in making learning device in SDN 015 PagaranTapah Darussalam through the method of administration tasks. Under these conditions, thelevel of acceptance of teachers increased. The aspect ratio capability Indonesian teachers inpreparing lesson plans through the provision of duty cycle I and II of the increase from 56%and the second cycle to 79%.

A Programmable Divider with 50% Duty Cycle Unrelated to Dividing Cycle and its Application to PLL

2016 ◽  
Vol 136 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-7
Author(s):  
Yujiro Harada ◽  
Mitsutoshi Yahara ◽  
Kinya Matsumoto ◽  
Kuniaki Fujimoto
Keyword(s):  
Duty Cycle

Joint power and duty-cycle design using alternating optimization algorithm under energy harvesting architectures

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 139-155
Author(s):  
Tong Wang ◽  
Xiang Yang ◽  
Feng Deng ◽  
Lin Gao ◽  
Yufei Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Optimization Algorithm ◽  
Duty Cycle ◽  
Joint Power ◽  
Alternating Optimization
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