A three-dimensional articulatory model of the velum and nasopharyngeal wall based on MRI and CT data

2008 ◽  
Vol 123 (4) ◽  
pp. 2335-2355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoine Serrurier ◽  
Pierre Badin
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Ct Data ◽  
Articulatory Model

scholarly journals Micro-CT data of early physiological cancellous bone formation in the lumbar spine of female C57BL/6 mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Zenzes ◽  
Paul Zaslansky
Keyword(s):  
Cancellous Bone ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Lumbar Vertebra ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Ct Data

AbstractMicro-CT provides critical data for musculoskeletal research, yielding three-dimensional datasets containing distributions of mineral density. Using high-resolution scans, we quantified changes in the fine architecture of bone in the spine of young mice. This data is made available as a reference to physiological cancellous bone growth. The scans (n = 19) depict the extensive structural changes typical for female C57BL/6 mice pups, aged 1-, 3-, 7-, 10- and 14-days post-partum, as they attain the mature geometry. We reveal the micro-morphology down to individual trabeculae in the spine that follow phases of mineral-tissue rearrangement in the growing lumbar vertebra on a micrometer length scale. Phantom data is provided to facilitate mineral density calibration. Conventional histomorphometry matched with our micro-CT data on selected samples confirms the validity and accuracy of our 3D scans. The data may thus serve as a reference for modeling normal bone growth and can be used to benchmark other experiments assessing the effects of biomaterials, tissue growth, healing, and regeneration.

Accuracy of Patient-Specific 3D Printed Drill Guides in the Placement of a Canine Coxofemoral Toggle Pin through a Minimally Invasive Approach

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brett G. Darrow ◽  
Kyle A. Snowdon ◽  
Adrien Hespel
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Bone Tunnel ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Exit Point ◽  
Minimally Invasive Approach ◽  
Invasive Approach ◽  
Post Procedure ◽  
Drill Guide ◽  
Ct Data

Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of patient-specific three-dimensional printed drill guides (3D-PDG) for the placement of a coxofemoral toggle via a minimally invasive approach. Materials and Methods Pre-procedure computed tomography (CT) data of 19 canine cadaveric hips were used to design a cadaver-specific 3D-PDG that conformed to the proximal femur. Femoral and acetabular bone tunnels were drilled through the 3D-PDG, and a coxofemoral toggle pin was placed. The accuracy of tunnel placement was evaluated with post-procedure CT and gross dissection. Results Coxofemoral toggle pins were successfully placed in all dogs. Mean exit point translation at the fovea capitis was 2.5 mm (0.2–7.5) when comparing pre- and post-procedure CT scans. Gross dissection revealed the bone tunnel exited the fovea capitis inside (3/19), partially inside (12/19) and outside of (4/19) the ligament of the head of the femur. Placement of the bone tunnel through the acetabulum was inside (16/19), partially inside (1/19) and outside (2/19) of the acetabular fossa. Small 1 to 2 mm articular cartilage fragments were noted in 10 of 19 specimens. Clinical Significance Three-dimensional printed drill guide designed for coxofemoral toggle pin application is feasible. Errors are attributed to surgical execution and identification of the borders of the fovea capitis on CT data. Future studies should investigate modifications to 3D-PDG design and methods. Three-dimensional printed drill guide for coxofemoral toggle pin placement warrants consideration for use in select clinical cases of traumatic coxofemoral luxation.

Considerations for Post-processing Parameters in Mixed-Method 3D Analyses

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-337
Author(s):  
Robert Z. Selden ◽  
Lauren N. Butaric ◽  
Kersten Bergstrom ◽  
Dennis Van Gerven
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Digital Repositories ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Archaeological Data ◽  
3D Data ◽  
Morphometric Analyses ◽  
Smoothing Parameters ◽  
Ct Data

ABSTRACTThe production of three-dimensional (3D) digital meshes of surface and computed tomographic (CT) data has become widespread in morphometric analyses of anthropological and archaeological data. Given that processing methods are not standardized, this leaves questions regarding the comparability of processed and digitally curated 3D datasets. The goal of this study was to identify those processing parameters that result in the most consistent fit between CT-derived meshes and a 3D surface model of the same human mandible. Eight meshes, each using unique thresholding and smoothing parameters, were compared to assess whole-object deviations, deviations along curves, and deviations between specific anatomical features on the surface model when compared with the CT scans using a suite of comparison points. Based on calculated gap distances, the mesh that thresholded at “0” with an applied smoothing technique was found to deviate least from the surface model, although it is not the most biologically accurate. Results have implications for aggregated studies that employ multimodal 3D datasets, and caution is recommended for studies that enlist 3D data from websites and digital repositories, particularly if processing parameters are unknown or derived for studies with different research foci.

First evidence for tooth-tooth occlusion in a ctenochasmatid pterosaur from the Early Cretaceous Jehol Biota

2021 ◽  
pp. SP521-2021-141
Author(s):  
Chang-Fu Zhou ◽  
Xinyue Wang ◽  
Jiahao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Early Cretaceous ◽  
Feeding Strategy ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Tooth Wear ◽  
First Record ◽  
Jehol Biota ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Dimensional Reconstruction ◽  
Supplementary Material ◽  
Ct Data

AbstractCtenochasmatid pterosaurs flourished and diversified in the Early Cretaceous Jehol Biota. Here, a partial mandible of Forfexopterus is described based on a three-dimensional reconstruction using high-resolution X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) data. The first nine pairs of functional teeth of the rostral dentition revealed along with their replacements. The functional teeth are evenly arranged with a tooth density of 2.2 teeth/cm. The tooth crown is distinctly reduced from its base to the tip, and framed by two weak ridges, possibly as a pair of vestigial carinae. The replacement teeth are sharp and pointed, and have erupted slightly against the medial surface of the functional teeth. Surprisingly, tooth wear is observed in this specimen, the first record of tooth-tooth occlusion in ctenochasmatids. The wear facets exhibit high-angled lingual and lower-angled labial facets, implying a tooth-tooth occlusion in pterosaur clade. This discovery indicates that the Jehol ctenochasmatids possibly employed a more active feeding strategy than other filter-feeding pterosaurs (e.g. Ctenochasma, Pterodaustro, Gnathosaurus).Supplementary material at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.5722060

scholarly journals AUTOMATIC LUNG NODULE DETECTION BASED ON STATISTICAL REGION MERGING AND SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINES

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaheh Aghabalaei Khordehchi ◽  
Ahmad Ayatollahi ◽  
Mohammad Reza Daliri
Keyword(s):  
Lung Nodule ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Pulmonary Nodules ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Svm Classifier ◽  
Region Merging ◽  
Three Dimensional Objects ◽  
Ct Data ◽  
Statistical Region Merging

Lung cancer is one of the most common diseases in the world that can be treated if the lung nodules are detected in their early stages of growth. This study develops a new framework for computer-aided detection of pulmonary nodules thorough a fully-automatic analysis of Computed Tomography (CT) images. In the present work, the multi-layer CT data is fed into a pre-processing step that exploits an adaptive diffusion-based smoothing algorithm in which the parameters are automatically tuned using an adaptation technique. After multiple levels of morphological filtering, the Regions of Interest (ROIs) are extracted from the smoothed images. The Statistical Region Merging (SRM) algorithm is applied to the ROIs in order to segment each layer of the CT data. Extracted segments in consecutive layers are then analyzed in such a way that if they intersect at more than a predefined number of pixels, they are labeled with a similar index. The boundaries of the segments in adjacent layers which have the same indices are then connected together to form three-dimensional objects as the nodule candidates. After extracting four spectral, one morphological, and one textural feature from all candidates, they are finally classified into nodules and non-nodules using the Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier. The proposed framework has been applied to two sets of lung CT images and its performance has been compared to that of nine other competing state-of-the-art methods. The considerable efficiency of the proposed approach has been proved quantitatively and validated by clinical experts as well.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS OF 3D MODELLING IN FORENSIC MEDICINE: BIM-TECHNOLOGY AND 4D MODELLING

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-13
Author(s):  
S. V. Leonov ◽  
Yu. P. Shakiryanova ◽  
P. V. Pinchuk
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Medicine ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Modelling ◽  
Line Of Sight ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Cad Modelling ◽  
Ct Data ◽  
Development Prospects

The present article provides an overview of the main methods of three-dimensional modelling currently used in various fields of science and practice, including forensic medicine. The possibilities of used methods are described.The authors introduce the concept of BIM-technology, which allows various methods working in 3D to be applied comprehensively: from photogrammetry and computed tomography to line-of-sight and CAD modelling. The article presents a case involving practical application of BIM-technology within the practical work of a forensic expert. The possibilities of supplementing and expanding the model over time within a single information field (4D modelling) are shown.Using the example of a specific examination, it is shown for which studies the created BIM-model can be employed, as well as what issues can be solved with its help. To that end, CT data was studied with the subsequent reconstruction of the 3D model of the damaged skull; blood traces were analysed with the subsequent 3D modelling of circumstances at the scene. The following methods were used for the reconstruction: photogrammetry, the finite element method and line-of-sight modelling of gunshot trajectories.Applied within a situational forensic medical examination, BIM-technologies successfully provided answers to the investigator’s questions: mechanism underlying the formation of blood traces; location of the bleeding source; trajectories of projectiles and their elements; circumstances of the occurrence; position of the shooter; prediction of glass breakage caused by a bullet.Conclusion. New computer technologies (BIM-technology and 4D modelling) constitute the next step in the development of three-dimensional modelling. Their introduction into the practice of experts will help create a single information field for all objects under study, as well as consider all possible investigative leads as objectively as possible

Clinical application of three-dimensional printing to the management of complex univentricular hearts with abnormal systemic or pulmonary venous drainage

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 1248-1256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eimear McGovern ◽  
Eoin Kelleher ◽  
Aisling Snow ◽  
Kevin Walsh ◽  
Bassem Gadallah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Preoperative Planning ◽  
Surgical Repair ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Venous Drainage ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Congenital Cardiac Anomalies ◽  
Ct Data ◽  
Dimensional Printing

AbstractIn recent years, three-dimensional printing has demonstrated reliable reproducibility of several organs including hearts with complex congenital cardiac anomalies. This represents the next step in advanced image processing and can be used to plan surgical repair. In this study, we describe three children with complex univentricular hearts and abnormal systemic or pulmonary venous drainage, in whom three-dimensional printed models based on CT data assisted with preoperative planning. For two children, after group discussion and examination of the models, a decision was made not to proceed with surgery. We extend the current clinical experience with three-dimensional printed modelling and discuss the benefits of such models in the setting of managing complex surgical problems in children with univentricular circulation and abnormal systemic or pulmonary venous drainage.

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