Temporal integration of the contralateral acoustic-reflex threshold and its age-related changes

2006 ◽  
Vol 120 (3) ◽  
pp. 1467-1473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele B. Emmer ◽  
Shlomo Silman ◽  
Carol A. Silverman ◽  
Harry Levitt
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Integration ◽  
Acoustic Reflex ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Reflex Threshold ◽  
Acoustic Reflex Threshold ◽  
Age Related Changes

Temporal Integration of the Contralateral Acoustic Reflex Threshold for a 1000 Hz Tonal Activator and Its Age-Related Changes

2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (04) ◽  
pp. 225-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele B. Emmer ◽  
Shlomo Silman ◽  
Carol A. Silverman ◽  
Harry Levitt
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Integration ◽  
Age Effect ◽  
Broadband Noise ◽  
Hearing Level ◽  
Acoustic Reflex ◽  
Hearing Sensitivity ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Reflex Threshold ◽  
Acoustic Reflex Threshold

Background: Previous research has noted an age effect on the temporal integration of the acoustic reflex for a noise activator. Purpose: To determine whether the age effect earlier noted for a noise activator will be noted for a tonal activator. Research Design: Comparison of ARTs of younger and older groups at activating stimulus durations of 12, 25, 50, 100, 200, 300, 500, and 1000 msec. Study Sample: Two groups of adults with normal-hearing sensitivity: one group of 20 young adults (ten males and ten females, ages 18–29 years, with a mean age of 24 years) and one group of 20 older adults (ten males and ten females, ages 59–75 years, with a mean age of 67.5 years). Results: A significant main effect for duration was obtained. That is, as the duration increased, the acoustic reflex threshold for the 1000 Hz tonal activator decreased. The interactions of duration × age group and duration × hearing level were not significant. There was a nonsignificant main effect (p = .889) for the between-subjects factor of age. Conclusion: Results contradict the findings for broadband noise.

Effects of Alcohol on the Acoustic Reflex Threshold

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-51
Author(s):  
Mee-Hye Park ◽  
Hyun-Woo Kyun ◽  
Boo-Eem Kim
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Reflex ◽  
Reflex Threshold ◽  
Acoustic Reflex Threshold

Some effects of signal bandwidth and spectral density on the acoustic‐reflex threshold in the elderly

1989 ◽  
Vol 86 (5) ◽  
pp. 1783-1789 ◽  
Author(s):  
John J. Jakimetz ◽  
Shlomo Silman ◽  
Maurice H. Miller ◽  
Carol Ann Silverman
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Density ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Acoustic Reflex ◽  
Reflex Threshold ◽  
Acoustic Reflex Threshold

Auditory Brainstem Response and Audiologic Findings in Adrenoleukodystrophy: Its Variant and Carrier

1988 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Shimizu ◽  
Hugo W. Moser ◽  
Sakkubai Naidu
Keyword(s):  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Speech Discrimination ◽  
Acoustic Reflex ◽  
Auditory Brain Stem Response ◽  
Auditory Brain Stem ◽  
Profound Deafness ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Reflex Threshold ◽  
Acoustic Reflex Threshold

Auditory brain stem response, auditory sensitivity, speech discrimination function, acoustic reflex threshold, and reflex decay were studied in seven children with adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD), nine adults with adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN), one child with neonatal ALD, and two carriers of ALD. Significant auditory dysfunctions were found in only two patients; a retrocochlear type auditory disorder in one child with ALD, and a profound deafness in a child with neonatal ALD. None of the patients showed significant abnormality in acoustic reflex threshold and reflex decay except for one patient with ALD who showed a slightly elevated reflex threshold. All but two ALD patients showed significantly prolonged wave latencies and interwave intervals. The latency values revealed the highest incidence of abnormality in the I to III interval; this was followed by the III to V interval, then by wave I. Significantly, one child with asymptomatic ALD and both heterozygous female relatives showed abnormal ABRs, demonstrating the high sensitivity of ABR in detection of the existence of pathophysiological condition in subclinical or presymptomatic ALD.

The Prediction of Hearing Loss in Persons With Cerebral Palsy Using Contralateral Acoustic Reflex Threshold for Broad-Band Noise

2003 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-95
Author(s):  
Michele B. Emmer ◽  
Shlomo Silman
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Broad Band ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Acoustic Reflex ◽  
Band Noise ◽  
Reflex Threshold ◽  
Acoustic Reflex Threshold

The utility of R. Keith’s (1977) method of screening for hearing sensitivity using the contralateral acoustic-reflex threshold (ART) for broad-band noise (BBN) was tested in persons with cerebral palsy (CP). Three groups of participants were included in this prospective study. The first group comprised 20 normal-hearing individuals without CP whose results were used as normative data. The second group comprised 16 participants with normal hearing and CP. The third group comprised 22 participants with sensorineural hearing loss and CP. The results of this study indicate that Keith’s screening method employing ART for BBN can be used successfully in a population with multiple handicaps where a quick, inexpensive, readily available, and accurate method is needed.

The Acoustic Reflex Threshold: Not Predictive for Loudness Perception in Normally-hearing Listeners

1999 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 303-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steen Ø Olsen ◽  
Arne N. Rasmussen ◽  
Lars H. Nielsen ◽  
Britt V. Borgkvist
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Reflex ◽  
Reflex Threshold ◽  
Acoustic Reflex Threshold

scholarly journals The effects of neural synchronization and peripheral compression on the acoustic-reflex threshold

2005 ◽  
Vol 117 (5) ◽  
pp. 3016-3027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Müller-Wehlau ◽  
Manfred Mauermann ◽  
Torsten Dau ◽  
Birger Kollmeier
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Reflex ◽  
Neural Synchronization ◽  
Peripheral Compression ◽  
Reflex Threshold ◽  
Acoustic Reflex Threshold

Effects of Hearing Levels at the Activator and Other Frequencies upon the Expected Levels of the Acoustic Reflex Threshold

1983 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley A. Gelfand ◽  
Neil Piper ◽  
Shlomo Silman
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Hearing Level ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Acoustic Reflex ◽  
Reflex Threshold ◽  
Acoustic Reflex Threshold

Multiple linear regression equations were derived to define the expected levels of acoustic reflex thresholds (ARTs) at 500, 1000, and 2000 Hz predictable from hearing levels as 500–4000 Hz in 646 ears. When the hearing level at the activator frequency is ⩽50 dB HL, ARTs tend to be best defined by a constant value of 86–90 dB HL with small adjustments due to the loss at the activator or higher frequencies. When the hearing level at the activator frequency is 55–90 dB HL, the ART is best predicted by a constant plus the degree of loss at that frequency plus the loss at 4000 Hz. These data present the clinician with empirically derived bases for determining the effects of other frequencies on a given ART. Application of these findings permits the clinician to apply known relationships in determining whether a particular ART is representative of those expected for normal and/or cochlear impaired ears, elevated or depressed, without having to rely on vague intuitions of such relationships. Clinical applications are discussed.

Acoustic Reflex as a Predictor of Middle Ear Effusion

1980 ◽  
Vol 89 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 196-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georges E. Freyss ◽  
Yves Manac'H ◽  
Philippe P. Narcy ◽  
Michel G. Toupet
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Middle Ear Effusion ◽  
General Anesthetic ◽  
Comparative Efficacy ◽  
Acoustic Reflex ◽  
Reflex Threshold ◽  
Acoustic Reflex Threshold ◽  
Youden’S Index ◽  
Ear Effusion

The comparative efficacy of tympanometry and the acoustic reflex (threshold and supraliminal amplitude) in predicting the presence of fluid in the middle ear was studied just before myringotomy in 50 children (99 ears) prior to adenoidectomy. Impedance audiometry was carried out under a general anesthetic (ketamine and nitrous oxide) in 60%, and without anesthesia in 40% of the cases. The comparative efficacy of this test was assessed using objective criteria which were independent of the cut-off point between normal and abnormal groups. The prediction efficacy of acoustic reflex threshold and amplitude (Youden's index = 0.58) was superior to that of tympanometry peak amplitude and pressure (Youden's indexes = 0.29 and 0.36). The efficacy of the gradient was 0.41. Modifications due to anesthesia were not statistically significant for the whole group, but temporary abolition of the acoustic reflex at the start of anesthesia is probably related to the high percentage of false positives noted when the acoustic reflex is used alone in patients given a general anesthetic.

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