scholarly journals The vocal instrument viewed from a materials science point of view

1983 ◽  
Vol 73 (S1) ◽  
pp. S72-S72
Author(s):  
Ingo R. Titze
Keyword(s):  
Materials Science ◽  
Point Of View

Theory of quantum chemistry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktor Kostyukov
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Chemistry ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Relativistic Quantum ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Chemical Effects ◽  
Resource Intensity ◽  
State Educational

The textbook summarizes the basic theories of quantum chemistry. A comparative analysis of the computational efficiency of computational algorithms implementing these theories from the point of view of the ratio "accuracy — resource intensity" is performed. Considerable attention is paid to the problem of accounting for electronic correlation, as well as relativistic quantum chemical effects. Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation. It is intended for undergraduate students of higher educational institutions; it can be used by graduate students studying materials science, structural, organic and physical chemistry, molecular biology and biophysics, biotechnology.

scholarly journals Dynamic Equilibria in Statistical and Nonlinear Physics of Uniform Stress Rotating Space Elevators (USRSE)

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Leonardo Golubovic ◽  
Steven Knudsen
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Dynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Outer Space ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Uniform Stress ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Equilibrium Configurations ◽  
Space Elevators ◽  
Dynamic Equilibria

The discovery of ultra-strong materials such as carbon nanotubes and diamond nano-thread structures has recently motivated an enhanced interest for the physics of Space Elevators connecting the Earth with outer space. A new concept has recently emerged in space elevator physics: Rotating Space Elevators (RSE) [Golubović, L. & Knudsen, S. (2009). Classical and statistical mechanics of celestial scale spinning strings: Rotating space elevators. Europhysics Letters 86(3), 34001.]. Objects sliding along rotating RSE string (sliding climbers) do not require internal engines or propulsion to be transported from the Earth's surface into outer space. Here we address the physics of a special RSE family, Uniform Stress Rotating Space Elevators (USRSE), characterized by constant tensile stress along the string. From the point of view of materials science, this condition provides the best control of string’s global integrity. We introduce an advanced analytic approach to obtain the dynamic equilibrium configurations of USRSE strings. We use our results to discuss the applications of USRSE for spacecraft launching.

Use of Niobium Oxide as a Binder in the Production of Diamond Nanostructured Composites

2012 ◽  
Vol 727-728 ◽  
pp. 924-928
Author(s):  
Ana Lúcia Diegues Skury ◽  
Guerold Sergueevitch Bobrovinitchii ◽  
Marcia G. de Azevedo ◽  
Sérgio Neves Monteiro
Keyword(s):  
Niobium Oxide ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
General Notion ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Diamond Crystals ◽  
Diamond Nanopowder ◽  
Graphite Structure

The sintering of nanodiamond powders is of interest for both applied engineering of tool materials and fundamental materials science of nanodisperse covalent-type ceramic materials. It is a accept as a general notion that the driving force for sintering of monophase particles is determined by the level of the surface energy. In the case of diamond nanopowder, this level must be significantly higher which makes sintering a difficult process. This difficulty of sintering is connected with the low diffusive mobility of carbon causing the formation of a graphite structure onto surface of the diamond crystals. From this point of view the use of niobium oxide as a binder could be a solution. In an attempt to inhibit the diamonds graphitization process, Nb2O5 and small amounts of amorphous carbon were introduced in the reaction zone. Sintering process was conducted at 6.0 GPa of pressure and 1100-1400oC for a processing time of 30 seconds. At the end of the process, the samples were cleaned, and prepared to be characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, density and porosity. From these results it was proposed a densification mechanism based on the consolidation of the particle by diffusion and coalescence of clusters.

Research on Recycled Materials in Public Art

2013 ◽  
Vol 329 ◽  
pp. 71-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei Lin Huo
Keyword(s):  
Public Art ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Renewable Materials ◽  
Recycled Materials ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Ecological Concepts ◽  
The Status ◽  
Art Research

Public art" of the recycled material in the context of globalization is formed under modern ecological concepts, environmental movement, and artistic experiments together. It will change the status quo of the lack of dialogue between materials science with art, recycled materials from the point of view of public art, research and development, and applications make proactive in environmental design. In this study, "renewable materials" mainly focused on the public art materials field, its scope and methods of public art. Recycled materials include not only well-known natural renewable materials, but also include man-made biodegradable materials and life industrial recycled materials, which greatly enriched the scope of public art materials, and reflect the public geographical characteristics and diversity of the arts.

scholarly journals Astromimetics

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 184954351879434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vuk Uskoković ◽  
Victoria M Wu
Keyword(s):  
Materials Science ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Iron Core ◽  
Colloidal Form ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Celestial Bodies ◽  
Intended Use

Composite, multifunctional fine particles are likely to be at the frontier of materials science in the foreseeable future. Here we present a submicron composite particle that mimics the stratified structure of the Earth by having a zero-valent iron core, a silicate/silicide mantle, and a thin carbonaceous crust resembling the biosphere and its biotic deposits. Particles were formulated in a stable colloidal form and made to interact with various types of healthy and cancer cells in vitro. A selective anticancer activity was observed, promising from the point of view of the intended use of the particles for tumor targeting across the blood–brain barrier. As an extension of the idea underlying the fabrication of a particle mimicking the planet Earth, we propose a new field of mimetics within materials science: astromimetics. The astromimetic approach in the context of materials science consists of the design of particles after the structure of celestial bodies. With Earth being the most chemically diverse and fertile out of all the astral bodies known, it is anticipated that the great majority of astromimetic material models will fall in the domain of geo-inspired ones.

PREPARATION AND MORPHOLOGY OF POROUS NANOCALCIUM PHOSPHATE/POLY(L-LACTIC ACID) COMPOSITES

2005 ◽  
Vol 04 (04) ◽  
pp. 517-523
Author(s):  
WENJIAN WENG ◽  
YANBO GAO ◽  
LILI PAN ◽  
YANBAO LI ◽  
PIYI DU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Calcium Phosphates ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Thermally Induced Phase Separation ◽  
Thermally Induced ◽  
Highly Porous

Biodegradable porous materials can serve as a scaffold in tissue engineering. In this work, highly porous nano-calcium phosphate (NCP)/poly(L-lactic acid)(PLLA) composites were prepared by a thermally induced phase separation technique. Five calcium phosphates with different biodegradation rate were selected, i.e. amorphous calcium phosphate, α-tricalcium phosphate, β-tricalcium phosphate and biphasic α/β-tricalcium phosphate. The results showed that the NCP particles could be homogenously incorporated into pore walls; the composites had a porosity of ~90%, and a pore size of ~200 μm. From the point of view of materials science, the obtained porous NCP/PLLA composites demonstrate to have a capability of applying in bone tissue engineering.

The Possibilities of Graphenes Application in Textronic Devices

2014 ◽  
Vol 95 ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
Michal Puchalski ◽  
Ewa Skrzetuska ◽  
Izabella Krucińska
Keyword(s):  
Materials Science ◽  
Conductive Polymer ◽  
Electrical Conductance ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Atmospheric Composition ◽  
Light Spectrum ◽  
Carbon Structure ◽  
Textile Materials ◽  
Vital Functions ◽  
State Of Art

Graphene, because of its exceptional properties such as very good electrical conductance, flexibility and high optical transparency in visible light spectrum, has proved to be an excellent nanomaterial for modern electronic applications. The natural point of view is to use this new nanomaterial for the development of unique textronic devices such as sensory systems for monitoring human body’s vital functions and atmospheric composition. The present review shows the state of art of materials science and possibilities of the smart textiles design with graphene. The most promising applications of graphene for the design of textronic devices are the development of conductive polymer composites (CPC) and the development of inks and pastes for printing conductive tracks on textile materials. The preliminary results of implementation of 2D carbon structure into textronic devices are presented.

scholarly journals Metal-Organic Frameworks for the Development of Biosensors: A Current Overview

Biosensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Carrasco
Keyword(s):  
Coordination Polymers ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Metal Organic Frameworks ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Transduction Mechanism ◽  
Fabrication Procedure ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Number Of Publications ◽  
A Current

This review focuses on the fabrication of biosensors using metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as recognition and/or transducer elements. A brief introduction discussing the importance of the development of new biosensor schemes is presented, describing these coordination polymers, their properties, applications, and the main advantages and drawbacks for the final goal. The increasing number of publications regarding the characteristics of these materials and the new micro- and nanofabrication techniques allowing the preparation of more accurate, robust, and sensitive biosensors are also discussed. This work aims to offer a new perspective from the point of view of materials science compared to other reviews focusing on the transduction mechanism or the nature of the analyte. A few examples are discussed depending on the starting materials, the integration of the MOF as a part of the biosensor and, in a deep detail, the fabrication procedure.

A crystallographic excursion in the extraordinary world of minerals: the case of Cu- and Ag-rich sulfosalts

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 527-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Bindi ◽  
Cristian Biagioni
Keyword(s):  
Materials Science ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Tetrahedral Coordination ◽  
Solid State Physics ◽  
Incommensurate Modulation ◽  
Related Compounds ◽  
Variable Coordination ◽  
Structural Point

Copper and silver are common constituents in natural sulfosalts and can be present as minor or major components. Owing to the different kinds of coordination they can assume, these elements give rise to a number of sulfosalts that are usually quite complex to describe from a structural point of view because of the presence of twinning, disorder, polytypism and sometimes incommensurate modulation. Moreover, it is common to find them in different, partially occupied split sites, favoring the presence of strong ionic conductivity that can be related to a number of interesting technological properties. In this regard, a series of Cu- and Ag-rich sulfosalts showing an excess of these cations with respect to As, Sb and Bi is particularly interesting. Their crystal structures as well as their potential interest for materials science and solid-state physics are outlined. Copper- and mixed (Cu, Ag)-sulfosalts belonging to the wittichenite, tetrahedrite, galkhaite, routhierite and nowackiite series are discussed, together with some related compounds. Whereas in the wittichenite series Cu has either a trigonal planar or tetrahedral coordination, in members of the other series this element forms three-dimensional tetrahedral frameworks giving rise to cavities hosting other cations and anions. More difficult is the description of Ag-rich sulfosalts owing to the highly variable coordination environments shown by this element. Structural features of selected Ag sulfosalts together with members of the argyrodite series are discussed, highlighting the particular properties derived from the behavior of Ag.

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