Existence Region of the Tonal Residue II

1963 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 1241-1245 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Ritsma
Keyword(s):  
Existence Region

Formulation and Evaluation of Fish Oil-based Rizatriptan Microemulsion for Intranasal Migraine Treatment

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 2972-2978
Author(s):  
Kanchan P Upadhye ◽  
Divya Senpal ◽  
Minakshee Nimbalwar ◽  
Gouri Dixit
Keyword(s):  
Fish Oil ◽  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Residence Time ◽  
Stability Study ◽  
Migraine Treatment ◽  
Existence Region ◽  
Microemulsion Based Gel ◽  
Micro Emulsion ◽  
Pseudoternary Phase Diagram

In the present study microemulsion based intranasal gel of rizatriptan using fish oil was prepared for treatment and management of migraine to sustain the drug release and improve the drug residence time in nasal cavity. Fish oil is reported to have antimigraine activity hence it has been used in the present formulation along with cremophore EL as surfactant and Transcutol P as co-surfactant. The pseudoternary phase diagram plotted with these components shown the microemulsion existence region in ratio of (1:9-9:1) surfactant and co-surfactant. The optimized micro-emulsion contained fish oil (45.29%), cremophore E/transcutol P (2:1) and was characterized for pH (6.3±0.02), viscosity (114 ± 3.00cp), % transmittance (99.5 ± 1.01), refractive index (1.335±0.01),). The prepared microemulsion gels were optimized and characterized for in-vitro studies, pH, drug content, rheological studies and stability study. The release of rizatriptan from micro-emulsion gel prepared from carbopol 934 (98.01%) was found to be higher and prolonged than plain gel. Thus, microemulsion based gel was able to prolong drug releaseand improve drug residence time in the nasal cavity. 

scholarly journals Annealing Effect on Martensitic Transformation and Magneto-Structural Properties of Ni-Mn-In Melt Spun Ribbons

2009 ◽  
Vol 635 ◽  
pp. 81-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Sánchez ◽  
José Luis Sánchez Llamazares ◽  
B. Hernando ◽  
J.D. Santos ◽  
M.L. Sánchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Structural Properties ◽  
Magnetic Transition ◽  
Structural Phase ◽  
Hysteresis Loops ◽  
Transition Temperatures ◽  
Average Chemical Composition ◽  
Saturation Field ◽  
Existence Region ◽  
Phase Transition Temperatures

We report the effect of a short-time vacuum annealing (1073 K during 10 minutes) on structural phase transition temperatures and magneto-structural properties of as-quenched ribbons of the Heusler alloy Ni50.6Mn34.5In14.9. This alloy crystallizes in a single phase cubic B2-type austenite with a Curie point of TCA=284 K that with the lowering in temperature transforms into a martensite with TCM185 K. The direct and reverse martensitic phase transition temperatures were MS=257 K, Mf = 221 K, AS = 239 K, and Af = 266 K. After annealing austenite shows the highly ordered L21-type structure while the average chemical composition as well as the structural and magnetic transition temperatures were shifted to Ni50.2Mn34.3In15.5 and MS = 253 K, Mf = 238 K, AS = 257 K, Af = 265 K, ΔT = 13 K, TCA = 299 K and TCM207 K. In the annealed samples the magnetization changes associated to the magnetic and structural transitions are more abrupt and magnetization isotherms in both the austenitic and martensitic existence region show higher initial magnetic susceptibility and faster approach to saturation. Field-cooled hysteresis loops at 10 K were shifted along the negative H-axis for both samples, but a significant anomaly was evident on the left side of the hysteresis loop for as-quenched ribbons.

The perception of musical consonance beyond the traditional existence region of pitch

2017 ◽  
Vol 141 (5) ◽  
pp. 4029-4029
Author(s):  
Samuele Carcagno ◽  
Saday Lakhani ◽  
Christopher J. Plack
Keyword(s):  
Existence Region

Design of Nonovershoot MRACS With Application to D.C. Servo Motor System

1991 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Tamura ◽  
K. Ogata ◽  
P. N. Nikiforuk
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Control ◽  
Motor System ◽  
Position Control ◽  
Input Sequence ◽  
Control Input ◽  
Servo Motor ◽  
Unknown Parameters ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Existence Region ◽  
Model Reference Adaptive

Excessive overshoots in a transient response are undesirable in a model reference adaptive control system (MRACS) and have to be avoided in practical applications. This paper discusses the design of an MRACS with no overshoot. In this design a d-step ahead estimator is introduced to evaluate the expected maximum and minimum values of the plant output. According to these estimates, the adaptive control input is adjusted so that the output has no overshoot. For the estimator and the input adjustment an existence region of the unknown plant parameters must be known. It is obvious that the smaller the existence region is, the better is the estimation and adjustment, and, consequently, the MRACS performance. First, an algorithm which successively reduces the region is presented. An initial polyhedron region V(0), which includes the unknown parameters, assumed to be given. The volume of V(k) containing the unknown parameters is then successively reduced by a projection-type algorithm which uses the input and output of the plant. Next, the design of an MRACS is discussed in which this region V(k) plays an important role. The proposed controller generates an adaptive control input sequence which makes the plant output follow the reference output without any overshoot. The proposed MRACS was applied to the adaptive position control of a D.C. servo motor system with an unknown load. Experimental results demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed design.

scholarly journals Mathematical model of falling of a viscous jet onto a moving surface

2007 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 659-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. HLOD ◽  
A. C. T. AARTS ◽  
A. A. F. van de VEN ◽  
M. A. PELETIER
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Integral Condition ◽  
Stationary Flow ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Convex Shape ◽  
Dimensional Parameter ◽  
Moving Surface ◽  
First Order ◽  
Existence Region ◽  
Unknown Length

The stationary flow of a jet of a Newtonian fluid that is drawn by gravity onto a moving surface is analyzed. It is assumed that the jet has a convex shape and hits the moving surface tangentially. The flow is modelled by a third-order ODE on a domain of unknown length and with an additional integral condition. By solving part of the equation explicitly, the problem is reformulated as a first-order ODE with an integral constraint. The corresponding existence region in the three-dimensional parameter space is characterized in terms of an easily calculable quantity. In a qualitative sense, the results from the model are found to correspond with experimental observations.

On the Delayed van der Pol Oscillator with Time-Varying Feedback Gain

2014 ◽  
Vol 706 ◽  
pp. 149-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustapha Hamdi ◽  
Mohamed Belhaq
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Type System ◽  
Stationary Solutions ◽  
Van Der Pol Oscillator ◽  
Feedback Gain ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Van Der Pol ◽  
Existence Region ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Time Delayed Feedback

This work studies the effect of time delayed feedback on stationary solutions in a van derPol type system. We consider the case where the feedback gain is harmonically modulated with a resonantfrequency. Perturbation analysis is conducted to obtain the modulation equations near primaryresonance, the stability analysis for stationary solutions is performed and bifurcation diagram is determined.It is shown that the modulated feedback gain position can influence significantly the steadystates behavior of the delayed van der Pol oscillator. In particular, for appropriate values of the modulateddelay parameters, the existence region of the limit cycle (LC) can be increased or quenched.Moreover, new regions of quasiperiodic vibration may emerge for certain values of the modulatedgain. Numerical simulation was conducted to validate the analytical predictions.

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