Determination of Ultrasonic Dosage Relations for the Central Nervous System

1956 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 778-778
Author(s):  
Floyd Dunn ◽  
William J. Fry
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
The Central Nervous System

CHRONIC LEAD ENCEPHALOPATHY

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1960 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-315
Author(s):  
Harry H. White ◽  
Fred D. Fowler
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Central Nervous System Involvement ◽  
Fast Screening ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Lead Encephalopathy ◽  
Urinary Coproporphyrin

Chronic lead encephalopathy must be considered in the differential diagnosis of pediatric patients who present with manifestations of schizophrenia, behavior disorders or degenerative diseases of the central nervous system. Determination of urinary coproporphyrin is a simple, fast screening procedure applicable to office practice. The prognosis for normal mental development following encephalopathy is poor. It is hoped that early recognition of the more subtle signs of central nervous system involvement will allow treatment to be instituted soon enough to prevent the crippling mental deterioration which is so often a sequela of lead poisoning.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF VALPROIC ACID IN TEAR BY GCQ -ASSESSEMENT OF THE CONCENTRATIONS OF DRUGS ACTING ON THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM IN TEAR-

1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (supplement) ◽  
pp. 120-121
Author(s):  
Masaharu NAKAJIMA ◽  
Tomoko OHTA ◽  
Nozomi KAWAKAMI ◽  
Susumu YAMATO ◽  
Kenji SHIMADA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Valproic Acid ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
The Central Nervous System

scholarly journals Neuro-Osteology

1998 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Kjær
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Sella Turcica ◽  
Axial Skeleton ◽  
Abnormal Development ◽  
Craniofacial Skeleton ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Neuro-osteology stresses the biological connection during development between nerve and hard tissues. It is a perspective that has developed since associations were first described between pre-natal peripheral nerve tissue and initial osseous bone formation in the craniofacial skeleton (Kjær, 1990a). In this review, the normal connection between the central nervous system and the axial skeleton and between the peripheral nervous system and jaw formation are first discussed. The early central nervous system (the neural tube) and the axial skeleton from the lumbosacral region to the sella turcica forms a unit, since both types of tissue are developmentally dependent upon the notochord. In different neurological disorders, the axial skeleton, including the pituitary gland, is malformed in different ways along the original course of the notochord. Anterior to the pituitary gland/sella turcica region, the craniofacial skeleton develops from prechordal cartilage, invading mesoderm and neural crest cells. Also, abnormal development in the craniofacial region, such as tooth agenesis, is analyzed neuro-osteologically. Results from pre-natal investigations provide information on the post-natal diagnosis of children with congenital developmental disorders in the central nervous system. Examples of these are myelomeningocele and holoprosencephaly. Three steps are important in clinical neuro-osteology: (1) clinical definition of the region of an osseous or dental malformation, (2) embryological determination of the origin of that region and recollection of which neurological structure has developed from the same region, and (3) clinical diagnosis of this neurological structure. If neurological malformation is the first symptom, step 2 results in the determination of the osseous region involved, which in step 3 is analyzed clinically. The relevance of future neuro-osteological diagnostics is emphasized.

Regional Distribution of Angiotensinogen in the Central Nervous System of the Rat: Effect of DOC-Salt Treatment

1982 ◽  
Vol 63 (s8) ◽  
pp. 149s-152s ◽  
Author(s):  
Nidia Basso ◽  
Diana Grispon ◽  
Patricia Ruiz ◽  
Alberto C. Taquini
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Regional Distribution ◽  
Salt Treatment ◽  
Blood Contamination ◽  
Renin Substrate ◽  
Salt Hypertension ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Brain

1. The distribution of angiotensinogen and endogenous renin-like activity were analysed in different areas of the central nervous system in normal and DOC-salt-treated hypertensive rats. 2. Angiotensinogen concentration and renin-like activity were significantly increased in the cerebral cortex, cerebellum, hypothalamus and brain stem of the DOC-salt-treated rats 30 days after the initiation of the experiment. 3. Influence of plasma contamination on the former results was evaluated by the determination of (a) plasma angiotensinogen concentration in control and treated animals and (b) blood content remaining in the different regions of the central nervous system, after saline perfusion of the brain, in a group of normal rats. 4. Plasma angiotensinogen concentration was significantly decreased in DOC-salt-treated rats, therefore blood contamination would tend to diminish the magnitude of increase in central nervous system angiotensinogen in these animals. 5. Present results have shown an increased concentration of angiotensinogen in some areas of the central nervous system in DOC-salt-treated rats. The results have also confirmed an enhanced activity of the endogenous renin-like enzyme in the same regions; this change seems to be mainly due to the increment in angiotensinogen. Increased formation of central angiotensin could be involved in the development of DOC-salt hypertension. The biosynthetic pathways of renin substrate as well as its endogenous regulation remain undetermined.

THE INFLUENCE OF DIPHENYLHYDANTOIN AND CARBAMAZEPINE ON THE CIRCADIAN RHYTHM OF FREE URINARY CORTICOIDS AND ON THE SUPPRESSIBILITY OF THE BASAL AND THE "IMPULSIVE" ACTIVITY BY DEXAMETHASONE

1973 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 308-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Köbberling ◽  
A. v. zur Mühlen
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Feedback Mechanism ◽  
Essential Condition ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Competitive Protein Binding ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Higher Doses

ABSTRACT In eight normal volunteers the circadian rhythm of cortisol was established by the determination of free urinary corticoids in 2 h urine samples by the competitive protein binding method. After two control days dexamethasone was infused between 10 p. m. and 4 a. m. in doses between 50 and 400 μg/h. These experiments were repeated after pre-treatment with 400 mg diphenylhydantion/day for one week and again after pre-treatment with 800 mg carbamazepine/day. Under the influence of these anti-convulsant drugs the circadian rhythm of free urinary corticoids was still present but showed more irregularities and sometimes additional peaks in the course of the day. The 24 h excretion values, the peak and the nadir values and the time of the morning peaks were not significantly different from the control days. The degree of suppression by dexamethasone was dose related both with and without the application of the anti-convulsants but under the influence of both these drugs comparable effects could only be achieved by 2 to 4 fold higher doses of dexamethasone. The suppression of basal and impulsive cortisol activities was inhibited in a similar way. According to these results it can be assumed that the anti-convulsants interfere with the feedback mechanism by decreasing the sensitivity of the central nervous system to changes in plasma glucocorticoid concentrations. An intact feedback mechanism does not seem to be an essential condition for the circadian rhythm.

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