Auto-control bird-expelling device

2002 ◽  
Vol 111 (3) ◽  
pp. 1156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Te-Chin Jan
Keyword(s):  
Control Bird

scholarly journals Seed dispersal of Solanum thomasiifolium Sendtner (Solanaceae) in the Linhares Forest, Espírito Santo state, Brazil

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 1171-1179 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Vasconcellos-Neto ◽  
Lidiamar Barbosa de Albuquerque ◽  
Wesley Rodrigues Silva
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Control Bird ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
Espírito Santo ◽  
Bird Droppings ◽  
Fruit Productivity ◽  
Habitat Colonization ◽  
Viable Seeds ◽  
Espirito Santo ◽  
And Control

The aim of this study was to analyse seed dispersal and establishment of Solanum thomasiifolium in an area of "nativo" vegetation in Espirito Santo state on the southeastern Brazilian coast. Ten species of birds, the crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous), and one species of lizard (Tropidurus torquatus) fed on S. thomasiifolium fruits and dispersed viable seeds in their faeces. The proportional contribution of each of these groups to seed dispersal was 77% (birds), 19% (crab-eating fox) and 4% (lizards). Ants also contributed to seed dispersal. More seeds were deposited in vegetation islands than in the surrounding open areas. Germination rates of seeds collected directly from fruit (control), bird droppings, the faeces of crab-eating foxes and lizards were, respectively, 64, 64, 53, and 80 %. Differences among these rates were all significant, except between birds and control. Lizards were important as seed carriers between nearby islands and they expelled a higher proportion of viable seeds. Birds and the crab-eating foxes did not enhance seed germination, but promoted seed dispersal over a wider area. Plant architecture, fruit productivity, fruit characteristics and the diversity of frugivores are important for the success of S. thomasiifolium in habitat colonization.

The Influence of a Gonadotrophin on the Seasonal Changes in the Testis and Deferent Duct of the Chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs)

1949 ◽  
Vol s3-90 (9) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
J. W. SLUITER ◽  
G. J. van OORDT
Keyword(s):  
Interstitial Cells ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Control Bird ◽  
Interstitial Tissue ◽  
Fringilla Coelebs ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
The Difference ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Progressive Stage

1. Male chaffinches (Fringilla coelebs) were treated with gestyl, a gonadotrophin prepared from pregnant mare serum, in different seasons; using different techniques their testes and deferent ducts were histologically studied after autopsy on 11 August, 30 November, 28 January, and 5 May. 2. After Champy-fixation and Altmann-staining two types of interstitial cells can be distinguished in the intertubular tissue of sexually active chaffinches: lipoid cells. (= Leydig cells) and secretion cells. 3. Results of gestyl-administration: In summer- and winter-birds (PI. I) whose testes are in the resting stage, the testis-tubule diameter shows a strong enlargement, which is partly due to the plasma of the cells being distinctly inflated; spermatogenesis does not take place. In the intertubular tissue lipoid and secretion cells appear in abnormally large numbers. In 10 days the deferent ducts pass over from the quiescent into the fully-activated stage. In spring-birds (Pl. III), being in the reproductive stage, the administration of gestyl has practically no effect. In this stage the intertubular tissue also contains both lipoid and secretion cells. 4. From the results mentioned under 3, and the fact that in the control bird of 28 January, being in the beginning of the progressive stage (Pl. II), many lipoid cells were found, whereas its deferent ducts were still quiescent, it is concluded that only the secretion cells produce the male sex-hormone. The lipoid cells, which amongst others contain cholesterol, possess only a trophic function. 5. The difference in reaction of the seminiferous tubules of birds to chorionic and hypophyseal gonadotrophins as well as the function of the interstitial cells are discussed. Most opinions on the last-mentioned subject are not sufficiently well founded, as the investigators used routine techniques only for the cytological investigation of the interstitial tissue.

FLAVOR ASSOCIATED WITH FISH MEAL IN DIETS FED TO BROILER CHICKENS

1969 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Dean ◽  
W. F. Lamoreux ◽  
F. G. Proudfoot ◽  
J. R. Aitken
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Taste Panel ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Control Bird ◽  
Breast Meat ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Nutritional Treatment

Diets containing varying levels of fish meal (3–19%) were fed to broiler chickens representing male and female birds of four different genotypes. After slaughter and processing, sample birds were roasted without seasoning, and portions of skin, breast meat and thigh meat were submitted to a taste panel of nine judges. Each portion was tested by asking one of the judges to identify it when it was presented along with two comparable portions taken from a control bird. There were 720 such triangle tests, comprised of six replicate tests within each of the 120 subclasses denned by genotype, sex, nutritional treatment and type of tissue.Flavor differences between birds fed 3% and 9% fish meal were detected with a frequency which was highly significant in skin and breast meat, but in thigh meat there was no significant effect on flavor until the level of fish meal reached 14%. Neither sex nor genotype had any influence on the detection of flavor differences. The practical significance of these findings is discussed.

scholarly journals PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF NEUROLOGICAL INJURY IN AN AVIAN MODEL OF PRIMARY GENERALIZED EPILEPSY

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Kendall ◽  
Zhao Gong ◽  
John Tuchek ◽  
André Obenaus
Keyword(s):  
Neuronal Cells ◽  
Neurological Injury ◽  
Control Bird ◽  
Proton Density ◽  
Nuclear Relaxation ◽  
Volume Calculation ◽  
Optic Lobes ◽  
Adult Control ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Purpose This study was undertaken to determine if the epileptic chicken phenotype exhibited unique physical and chemical neurological changes. Methods Quantitative 1H-MRI/MRS measurements were performed on adult control (Rr) and epileptic (rr) chickens. The metrics included nuclear relaxation rate, diffusion rate and concentration of metabolites associated with neuronal cells. Comparisons were performed using Students t or Mann-Whitney tests according to the data distribution. Results Proton density measurements detected no significant difference in density among the cerebral hemispheres and optic lobes within the control and epi birds, nor between bird phenotypes. Thus, within experimental error it appears that brain tissue density is similar in adult control and epi birds. Volume calculation from images spanning the entire brain confirmed that a consistent feature of the epi genotype was megalencephaly. Nuclear relaxation (T2 ) values obtained for the control bird were within the normal variant range for neuronal tissue. However, T2's of the epi birds were significantly higher than that of the controls ((158 ms versus 123 ms). Similarly, in the diffusion data there was no apparent hemispheric bias. The optic lobes of the control animals exhibited an apparent diffusion coefficient significantly lower than that found for the cerebrum (Table 2). Interestingly, this differential was not apparent in the epi birds. The control birds across all regions of interest exhibited an ADC significantly less than that of the epi birds. Quantitative 1Hspectroscopy using tissue extracts collected immediately after sacrifice revealed phenotypic differences in lactate, glutamate, creatine and NAA but not GABA. A reduction in NAA was detected in the cerebrum of epi birds. This is in agreement with the generally held view that seizure activity causes loss of neurones, thus the loss of N-acetyl aspartate. HPLC data corroborated the spectroscopic NAA findings but also detected an increase in GABA concentration in the epileptic birds. Conclusion The physical changes observed are consistent with dilution of the interstitial fluid by edema or through cellular reordering within the epi brain. The concomitant reduction in excitable neuronal cells and the relative increase in GABA observed in biochemical analysis are consistent with a fundamental change in the cellular population.

Application for Improved Awareness of Cable Geometry During Seismic Survey Operation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Vidar Grindheim ◽  
Ken E. Welker ◽  
Inge Revhaug
Keyword(s):  
Kalman Filter ◽  
Ensemble Kalman Filter ◽  
Petroleum Exploration ◽  
Seismic Survey ◽  
Control Bird ◽  
Seismic Surveys ◽  
Sea Current ◽  
Towed Cable ◽  
And Control ◽  
Scale Data

Abstract Seismic surveys for petroleum exploration employ a number of towed cable streamers of lengths in the order of 3∼12 km. Accurate positioning is important both for navigation and control of the streamer spread and for seismic data processing. In the present study, a numerical streamer model based on a Finite Element Method is implemented both as an Extended Kalman filter and an Ensemble Kalman filter. The streamer model includes features such as tailbuoy, locally estimated sea current introduced at each node, control bird inputs, cable stretch and tension. The filter implementations are intended to blend the streamer model with observations such as acoustic range measurements and satellite navigation positioning. The implementations have been compared and validated employing full scale data for two line changes. The purpose is to investigate the filters’ performance during periods with poor or missing observations.

Birds and Aviation

1981 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor E.F. Solman
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Control ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Control Bird ◽  
Bird Dispersal ◽  
Movement Data ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Training Programmes ◽  
Canadian Military

Collisions between birds and aircraft have caused damage to, or destruction of, aircraft and loss of human life for more than 68 years. Birds are attracted to airfields by the large open spaces which they provide and, often, by the availability of food, water, and shelter, on or near the airfield. Birds attracted by open space can be driven away by trained persons furnished with suitable bird-dispersal equipment, while removal of food, water, and shelter, can reduce the attraction.Mass movements (migrations) by birds, especially large birds, create hazards for aircraft aloft. Air traffic control radar can show the abundance, speed, and direction of movement, of birds, while correlation of those movements with weather parameters permits development of bird movement hazard forecasts. Although the periods of high hazard are of short duration, use of these forecasts to make changes in flying training programmes has reduced losses of Canadian military aircraft through bird studies.Automatic digital presentation of bird movement data gathered by radar has been tested at two airfields by air traffic controllers for possible use in vectoring scheduled civil aircraft away from hazardous concentrations of bird migrants. A decision on operational use of the technique has not yet been made.Reduction of bird hazards to aircraft depends upon human motivation. The necessary habitat control, bird dispersal, and migration hazard forecasting, involve timeconsuming, rather dull work that is repeated at prescribed intervals. Unless the work is always well done, bird-strikes on aircraft will continue and human lives and aircraft will be lost.

Effect of short-duration constant exercise on permeability of cockerel aorta to 125I-albumin

1985 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 985-990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael D. Ezekowitz ◽  
Mark A. Morgan ◽  
Jim L. Kelley ◽  
Don E. Parker ◽  
H. Lowell Stone
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Short Duration ◽  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Constant Speed ◽  
Control Bird ◽  
Matched Pairs ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Endothelial Surface ◽  
And Control

To determine quantitatively the effect of short duration constant exercise on the rate of uptake (U) of intravenously injected 125I-labeled cockerel albumin (A) by the aorta of the adult cockerel, 24 birds divided into age-matched pairs, each pair consisting of an exercised and nonexercised control bird, were studied. The time period of heparinization, anesthesia, and time from injection of A (each member of each pair received about 50 μCi from the same batch) to the death of the animal (T) was identical for each member of each pair. The exercised animal was exercised at a constant speed of 3.2 kph at 0° elevation for between 2 and 5 min on a treadmill. U was defined as accumulated wall radioactivity (dpm)/plasma radioactivity (dpm/ml) x endothelial surface area (cm2) x T (s). Free 125I in the injectate amounted to 1.29 ≠ 0.31% (mean ≠ SD). Free 125I in the plasma and the wall in the exercise and control animals was not significantly different: plasma 0.84 ≠ 0.34% (mean ≠ SD) and 0.55 ≠ 0.18 (P < 0.20); wall 3.38 ≠ 5.64% and 6.42 ≠ 4.72 (P < 0.04). Injected A remaining in the blood at between 8 and 16 min after intravenous injection was 83 ≠ 8.7% (n = 10) in the exercised and 82 ≠ 10% (n = 7) in the control (P < 0.2). U was greater in the exercise group in 9 out of 12 matched pairs (P < 0.05). We conclude that U increases for short periods of constant exercise.

Psychological warfare in vineyard: Using drones and bird psychology to control bird damage to wine grapes

2019 ◽  
Vol 120 ◽  
pp. 163-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zihao Wang ◽  
Andrea S. Griffin ◽  
Andrew Lucas ◽  
K.C. Wong
Keyword(s):  
Control Bird ◽  
Wine Grapes ◽  
Psychological Warfare ◽  
Bird Damage

scholarly journals Indonesia struggles to control bird flu outbreak

Nature ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 437 (7061) ◽  
pp. 937-937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Declan Butler
Keyword(s):  
Control Bird ◽  
Bird Flu
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