A New Vector Identity and Physical Application

1952 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 453-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Earle B. Mullen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Application ◽  
Vector Identity

scholarly journals The life-cycle of the avian haemosporidian parasite Haemoproteus majoris, with emphasis on the exoerythrocytic and sporogonic development

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikas Ilgūnas ◽  
Carolina Romeiro Fernandes Chagas ◽  
Dovilė Bukauskaitė ◽  
Rasa Bernotienė ◽  
Tatjana Iezhova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Parus Major ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Haemosporidian Parasite ◽  
Biting Midges ◽  
Vector Identity ◽  
Bayesian Phylogeny

Abstract Background Haemoproteus parasites (Haemosporida, Haemoproteidae) are cosmopolitan in birds and recent molecular studies indicate enormous genetic diversity of these pathogens, which cause diseases in non-adapted avian hosts. However, life-cycles remain unknown for the majority of Haemoproteus species. Information on their exoerythrocytic development is particularly fragmental and controversial. This study aimed to gain new knowledge on life-cycle of the widespread blood parasite Haemoproteus majoris. Methods Turdus pilaris and Parus major naturally infected with lineages hPHYBOR04 and hPARUS1 of H. majoris, respectively, were wild-caught and the parasites were identified using microscopic examination of gametocytes and PCR-based testing. Bayesian phylogeny was used to determine relationships between H. majoris lineages. Exoerythrocytic stages (megalomeronts) were reported using histological examination and laser microdissection was applied to isolate single megalomeronts for genetic analysis. Culicoides impunctatus biting midges were experimentally exposed in order to follow sporogonic development of the lineage hPHYBOR04. Results Gametocytes of the lineage hPHYBOR04 are indistinguishable from those of the widespread lineage hPARUS1 of H. majoris, indicating that both of these lineages belong to the H. majoris group. Phylogenetic analysis supported this conclusion. Sporogony of the lineage hPHYBOR04 was completed in C. impunctatus biting midges. Morphologically similar megalomeronts were reported in internal organs of both avian hosts. These were big roundish bodies (up to 360 μm in diameter) surrounded by a thick capsule-like wall and containing irregularly shaped cytomeres, in which numerous merozoites developed. DNA sequences obtained from single isolated megalomeronts confirmed the identification of H. majoris. Conclusions Phylogenetic analysis identified a group of closely related H. majoris lineages, two of which are characterized not only by morphologically identical blood stages, but also complete sporogonic development in C. impunctatus and development of morphologically similar megalomeronts. It is probable that other lineages belonging to the same group would bear the same characters and phylogenies based on partial cytb gene could be used to predict life-cycle features in avian haemoproteids including vector identity and patterns of exoerythrocytic merogony. This study reports morphologically unique megalomeronts in naturally infected birds and calls for research on exoerythrocytic development of haemoproteids to better understand pathologies caused in avian hosts.

scholarly journals Establishment and validation of in-house cryopreserved CAR/TCR-T cell flow cytometry quality control

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yihua Cai ◽  
Michaela Prochazkova ◽  
Chunjie Jiang ◽  
Hannah W. Song ◽  
Jianjian Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Quality Control ◽  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Transduction Efficiency ◽  
Quality Controls ◽  
Car T Cells ◽  
Car T ◽  
Vector Identity

Abstract Background Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) or T-cell receptor (TCR) engineered T-cell therapy has recently emerged as a promising adoptive immunotherapy approach for the treatment of hematologic malignancies and solid tumors. Multiparametric flow cytometry-based assays play a critical role in monitoring cellular manufacturing steps. Since manufacturing CAR/TCR T-cell products must be in compliance with current good manufacturing practices (cGMP), a standard or quality control for flow cytometry assays should be used to ensure the accuracy of flow cytometry results, but none is currently commercially available. Therefore, we established a procedure to generate an in-house cryopreserved CAR/TCR T-cell products for use as a flow cytometry quality control and validated their use. Methods Two CAR T-cell products: CD19/CD22 bispecific CAR T-cells and FGFR4 CAR T-cells and one TCR-engineered T-cell product: KK-LC-1 TCR T-cells were manufactured in Center for Cellular Engineering (CCE), NIH Clinical Center. The products were divided in aliquots, cryopreserved and stored in the liquid nitrogen. The cryopreserved flow cytometry quality controls were tested in flow cytometry assays which measured post-thaw viability, CD3, CD4 and CD8 frequencies as well as the transduction efficiency and vector identity. The long-term stability and shelf-life of cryopreserved quality control cells were evaluated. In addition, the sensitivity as well as the precision assay were also assessed on the cryopreserved quality control cells. Results After thawing, the viability of the cryopreserved CAR/TCR T-cell controls was found to be greater than 50%. The expression of transduction efficiency and vector identity markers by the cryopreserved control cells were stable for at least 1 year; with post-thaw values falling within ± 20% range of the values measured at time of cryopreservation. After thawing and storage at room temperature, the stability of these cryopreserved cells lasted at least 6 h. In addition, our cryopreserved CAR/TCR-T cell quality controls showed a strong correlation between transduction efficiency expression and dilution factors. Furthermore, the results of flow cytometric analysis of the cryopreserved cells among different laboratory technicians and different flow cytometry instruments were comparable, highlighting the reproducibility and reliability of these quality control cells. Conclusion We developed and validated a feasible and reliable procedure to establish a bank of cryopreserved CAR/TCR T-cells for use as flow cytometry quality controls, which can serve as a quality control standard for in-process and lot-release testing of CAR/TCR T-cell products.

A Two-Point Boundary Problem for Ordinary Self-Adjoint Differential Equations of Fourth Order

1954 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 416-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. Sternberg ◽  
R. L. Sternberg
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Problem ◽  
Fourth Order ◽  
Symmetric Matrix ◽  
Positive Definite ◽  
Matrix Functions ◽  
Point Boundary ◽  
Vector Identity ◽  
Class C ◽  
Image Position ◽  
Homogeneous Vector

The purpose of this note is to establish Theorem A below for the two-point homogeneous vector boundary problemwhere the Pi(x) are given real m × m symmetric matrix functions of x with P0(x) positive definite and Pi(x) of class C2−i on an infinite interval [a, ∞), and where by a solution of (1.1) — (1.2) for a ≤ x1 < x2 < ∞ we understand a real m-dimensional column vector u = u(x) of class C2 on [a, ∞) which is such that Pi(x)u(2−i) is of class C2−i on [a, ∞) and which satisfies (1.1) — (1.2) with the former a vector identity on [a, ∞).

CHAPTER 3 A PHYSICAL APPLICATION

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (sup1) ◽  
pp. 44-63
Author(s):  
Leonard Goddard ◽  
Brenda Judge
Keyword(s):  
Physical Application

A physical application of the function exp(−1/x2)

1975 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 268-269
Author(s):  
Mary L. Boas
Keyword(s):  
Physical Application

ON THE PHYSICAL APPLICATION OF SIMULATED ANNEALING ALGORITHM

1999 ◽  
Vol 10 (06) ◽  
pp. 1065-1070 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHU-YOU LI ◽  
ZHI-HUI DU ◽  
MENG-YUE WU ◽  
JING ZHU ◽  
SAN-LI LI
Keyword(s):  
Simulated Annealing ◽  
Parameter Optimization ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Simulated Annealing Algorithm ◽  
Optimization Problems ◽  
Source Code ◽  
Physical Application ◽  
General Program ◽  
Annealing Algorithm

A high-performance general program is presented to deal with the multi-parameter optimization problems in physics. Considering the requirements of physical application, some small but significant modifications were made on the conventional simulated annealing algorithm. A parallel realization was suggested to further improve the performance of the program. Mathematical and physical examples were taken to test the feasibility and the efficiency of the program. The source code is available from the authors free of charge.

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