Lens coupling efficiency: Derivation and application under differing geometrical assumptions

1997 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 565-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tong Yu ◽  
John M. Boone
Keyword(s):  
Coupling Efficiency ◽  
Lens Coupling

The lens coupling efficiency in megavoltage imaging

1991 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 1152-1153 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Swindell
Keyword(s):  
Coupling Efficiency ◽  
Megavoltage Imaging ◽  
Lens Coupling

Laser diode to single-mode fiber ball lens coupling efficiency: full-wave calculation and measurements

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (15) ◽  
pp. 3435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard P. Ratowsky ◽  
Long Yang ◽  
Robert J. Deri ◽  
Kok Wai Chang ◽  
Jeffrey S. Kallman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Diode ◽  
Coupling Efficiency ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Single Mode Fiber ◽  
Full Wave ◽  
Lens Coupling ◽  
Fiber Ball ◽  
Wave Calculation

Research on Coupling Technique of Q-Switched Laser with Fiber

2007 ◽  
Vol 364-366 ◽  
pp. 1187-1190
Author(s):  
Gui Cai Song ◽  
Wei Quan ◽  
Yun Song Cai ◽  
Hai Qing Wu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Optical Fiber ◽  
High Power ◽  
Coupling Efficiency ◽  
Damage Threshold ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Fiber Coupler ◽  
Beam Incident ◽  
Lens Coupling

The coupling of laser with fiber has been used for many fields: such as industry, medical treatment, and communications. At the present time, the coupling methods are direct coupling and lens coupling mainly. With the existence of a damage threshold in fiber end face and interior, it very difficult to use the above ways to realize the coupling of high-power, high-energy and narrow pulse laser with optical fiber. In this paper, a new method to reducing laser power density and energy density in optical fiber end face and interior is presented and designed a hollow cone shaped laser-fiber coupler by analyzing the mechanism of damage of optical fiber. When cylindrical Gauss beam incident into the hollow cone coupler will form a light spot, the energy density is of quasiaverage distribution. By using this coupler, we realized the coupling of a high-power (10MW), energy (12mJ), narrow pulse (12ns) and electro-optical Q-switched Nd:YAG laser with the multimode optical fiber (diameter is 600μm) and the coupling efficiency is 70%.

Coupling efficiency and sensitivity of an LED to a single-mode fibre

1986 ◽  
Vol 22 (21) ◽  
pp. 1110 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.N. Christodoulides ◽  
L.A. Reith ◽  
M.A. Saifi
Keyword(s):  
Coupling Efficiency ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Single Mode Fibre ◽  
Mode Fibre

scholarly journals Bioenergetic and Proteomic Profiling of Immune Cells in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Patients: An Exploratory Study

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 961
Author(s):  
Paula Fernandez-Guerra ◽  
Ana C. Gonzalez-Ebsen ◽  
Susanne E. Boonen ◽  
Julie Courraud ◽  
Niels Gregersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome ◽  
Complex Disease ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Coupling Efficiency ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Chronic Fatigue ◽  
Myalgic Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Flux Analysis ◽  
Proteomic Profiling ◽  
Fatigue Syndrome

Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a heterogeneous, debilitating, and complex disease. Along with disabling fatigue, ME/CFS presents an array of other core symptoms, including autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction, sustained inflammation, altered energy metabolism, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Here, we evaluated patients' symptomatology and the mitochondrial metabolic parameters in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and plasma from a clinically well-characterised cohort of six ME/CFS patients compared to age- and gender-matched controls. We performed a comprehensive cellular assessment using bioenergetics (extracellular flux analysis) and protein profiles (quantitative mass spectrometry-based proteomics) together with self-reported symptom measures of fatigue, ANS dysfunction, and overall physical and mental well-being. This ME/CFS cohort presented with severe fatigue, which correlated with the severity of ANS dysfunction and overall physical well-being. PBMCs from ME/CFS patients showed significantly lower mitochondrial coupling efficiency. They exhibited proteome alterations, including altered mitochondrial metabolism, centred on pyruvate dehydrogenase and coenzyme A metabolism, leading to a decreased capacity to provide adequate intracellular ATP levels. Overall, these results indicate that PBMCs from ME/CFS patients have a decreased ability to fulfill their cellular energy demands.

scholarly journals Cell-Permeable Succinate Rescues Mitochondrial Respiration in Cellular Models of Statin Toxicity

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 424
Author(s):  
Vlad F. Avram ◽  
Imen Chamkha ◽  
Eleonor Åsander-Frostner ◽  
Johannes K. Ehinger ◽  
Romulus Z. Timar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Mitochondrial Dysfunction ◽  
Mitochondrial Respiration ◽  
Complex I ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Coupling Efficiency ◽  
Human Platelets ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Lipid Lowering Therapy ◽  
Cellular Models

Statins are the cornerstone of lipid-lowering therapy. Although generally well tolerated, statin-associated muscle symptoms (SAMS) represent the main reason for treatment discontinuation. Mitochondrial dysfunction of complex I has been implicated in the pathophysiology of SAMS. The present study proposed to assess the concentration-dependent ex vivo effects of three statins on mitochondrial respiration in viable human platelets and to investigate whether a cell-permeable prodrug of succinate (complex II substrate) can compensate for statin-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochondrial respiration was assessed by high-resolution respirometry in human platelets, acutely exposed to statins in the presence/absence of the prodrug NV118. Statins concentration-dependently inhibited mitochondrial respiration in both intact and permeabilized cells. Further, statins caused an increase in non-ATP generating oxygen consumption (uncoupling), severely limiting the OXPHOS coupling efficiency, a measure of the ATP generating capacity. Cerivastatin (commercially withdrawn due to muscle toxicity) displayed a similar inhibitory capacity compared with the widely prescribed and tolerable atorvastatin, but did not elicit direct complex I inhibition. NV118 increased succinate-supported mitochondrial oxygen consumption in atorvastatin/cerivastatin-exposed platelets leading to normalization of coupled (ATP generating) respiration. The results acquired in isolated human platelets were validated in a limited set of experiments using atorvastatin in HepG2 cells, reinforcing the generalizability of the findings.

High Power and Stable High Coupling Efficiency (66%) Superluminescent Light Emitting Diodes by Using Active Multi-Mode Interferometer

2011 ◽  
Vol E94-C (5) ◽  
pp. 862-864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhigang ZANG ◽  
Keisuke MUKAI ◽  
Paolo NAVARETTI ◽  
Marcus DUELK ◽  
Christian VELEZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Power ◽  
Light Emitting Diodes ◽  
Coupling Efficiency ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Multi Mode

scholarly journals Mitochondrial Processes during Early Development of Dictyostelium discoideum: From Bioenergetic to Proteomic Studies

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 638
Author(s):  
Monika Mazur ◽  
Daria Wojciechowska ◽  
Ewa Sitkiewicz ◽  
Agata Malinowska ◽  
Bianka Świderska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Coupling Efficiency ◽  
Slime Mold ◽  
Intact Cells ◽  
Life Cycle Stages ◽  
Early Developmental Stages ◽  
Proteomic Study ◽  
And Function ◽  
Early Developmental

The slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum’s life cycle includes different unicellular and multicellular stages that provide a convenient model for research concerning intracellular and intercellular mechanisms influencing mitochondria’s structure and function. We aim to determine the differences between the mitochondria isolated from the slime mold regarding its early developmental stages induced by starvation, namely the unicellular (U), aggregation (A) and streams (S) stages, at the bioenergetic and proteome levels. We measured the oxygen consumption of intact cells using the Clarke electrode and observed a distinct decrease in mitochondrial coupling capacity for stage S cells and a decrease in mitochondrial coupling efficiency for stage A and S cells. We also found changes in spare respiratory capacity. We performed a wide comparative proteomic study. During the transition from the unicellular stage to the multicellular stage, important proteomic differences occurred in stages A and S relating to the proteins of the main mitochondrial functional groups, showing characteristic tendencies that could be associated with their ongoing adaptation to starvation following cell reprogramming during the switch to gluconeogenesis. We suggest that the main mitochondrial processes are downregulated during the early developmental stages, although this needs to be verified by extending analogous studies to the next slime mold life cycle stages.

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