SU-E-T-262: Comparing Linear Accelerator Gantry Angle Measurements Using An EPID and Spirit Level

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (6Part14) ◽  
pp. 264-265
Author(s):  
J Treas ◽  
A Jones ◽  
K Higgins
Keyword(s):  
Linear Accelerator ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
Gantry Angle

Long term variation in beam symmetry as a function of gantry angle for a computer-controlled linear accelerator

1989 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 614-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. Loyd ◽  
R. G. Lane ◽  
J. Laxton ◽  
C. H. Chow ◽  
I. I. Rosen
Keyword(s):  
Linear Accelerator ◽  
Term Variation ◽  
Computer Controlled ◽  
Gantry Angle

scholarly journals Evaluation of jaws-only intensity modulated radiation therapy treatment plans using Octavius 4D system

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duong Thanh Tai ◽  
Luong Thi Oanh ◽  
Nguyen Dong Son ◽  
Truong Thi Hong Loan
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Intensity Modulated ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
Gamma Index ◽  
Treatment Plans ◽  
Zero Degree ◽  
Gantry Angle ◽  
Therapy Treatment

Abstract Introduction: Jaws-Only Intensity modulated radiation therapy (JO-IMRT) is a technique uses the collimator jaws of the linear accelerator (LINAC) to delivery of complex intensity patterns. In previous studies, pretreatment patient specific quality assurance for those JO-IMRT were also performed using ionization chamber, MapCHECK2, and Octavius 4D and good agreements were shown. The aim of this study is to further verify JO-IMRT plans in 2 different cases: one with the gantry angle set equal to beam angle as in the plans and the other with gantry angle set to zero degree. Materials and Methods: Twenty-five JO-IMRT, previously verified, were executed twice for each plan. The first one used a real gantry angle, and the second one used a 0° gantry angle. Measurements were performed using Octavius 4D 1500. Results: The results were analyzed using Verisoft software. The results show that the Gamma average was 97.32 ± 2.21% for IMRT with a 0° gantry angle and 94.72 ± 2.67% for IMRT with a true gantry angle. Conclusion: In both cases, gamma index of more than 90% were found for all of our 25 JO-IMRT treatment plans.

Injector for a 100-500 kV Linac Electron Microscopy Source

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 274-275
Author(s):  
John W. Coleman
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Linear Accelerator ◽  
Beam Current ◽  
Ion Trapping ◽  
University Of Virginia ◽  
Electron Injector ◽  
Illumination System ◽  
Radio Corporation Of America ◽  
The University ◽  
Optical Integration

The injector to be described is a component in the Electron Injector-Linear Accelerator—Condenser Module for illumination used on the variable 100-500kV electron microscope being built at the Radio Corporation of America for the University of Virginia.The injector is an independently powered, autonomous unit, operating at a constant 6kV positive with respect to accelerator potential, thereby making beam current independent of accelerator potential. The injector provides for on-axis ion trapping to prolong filament lifetime, and incorporates a derived Einzel lens for optical integration into the overall illumination system for microscopy. Electrostatic beam deflectors for alignment are an integral part of the apparatus. The entire injector unit is cantilevered off a door for side loading, and is topped with a 4-filament turret released electrically but driven by a self-contained Negator spring motor.

Nanostructured Polymer Brushes With Reversibly Changing Properties

2002 ◽  
Vol 727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denys Usov ◽  
Manfred Stamm ◽  
Sergiy Minko ◽  
Christian Froeck ◽  
Andreas Scholl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Brushes ◽  
Phase Segregation ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
Nanostructured Polymer ◽  
Contact Angle Measurements ◽  
Vertical Segregation ◽  
Oxygen Plasma Etching ◽  
Grafting From ◽  
Photoemission Electron

AbstractWe investigated the interplay between different mechanisms of the lateral and vertical segregation in the synthesized via “grafting from” approach symmetric A/B (where A and B are poly(styrene-co-2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorostyrene) and poly(methylmethacrylate), respectively) polymer brushes upon exposure to different solvents. We used X-ray photoemission electron spectroscopy and microscopy (X-PEEM), AFM, water contact angle measurements, and oxygen plasma etching to study morphology of the brushes. The ripple morphology after toluene (nonselective solvent) revealed elongated lamellar-like domains of A and B polymers alternating across the surface. The dimple-A morphology consisting of round clusters of the polymer A was observed after acetone (selective solvent for B). The top layer was enriched with the polymer B showing that the brush underwent both the lateral and vertical phase segregation. A qualitative agreement with predictions of SCF theory was found.

A COMPARISON OF SPRAY ANGLE MEASUREMENTS USING OPTICAL AND MECHANICAL METHODS

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yudaya R. Sivathanu ◽  
Jongmook Lim ◽  
Bill Wallace ◽  
Roger Seei
Keyword(s):  
Spray Angle ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
Mechanical Methods

The measurement of photoneutron dose around an 18 MV Varian linear accelerator by TLD600 and TLD700 dosimeters inside the polyethylene sphere of neutron probe LB 6411

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1049-1057
Author(s):  
Samiei F ◽  
Nedaie H A ◽  
Darestani H ◽  
Banaee N ◽  
Shagholi N ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Accelerator ◽  
Neutron Probe

Bremsstrahlung  X-rays  from  high-energy  linear    accelerators  (Linacs)  produce  neutrons  as  a  result  of  photonuclear  reactions  mainly  with  the  different  materials  constituting  the  accelerator  head.  The  neutrons  produced  during  high  energy  radiotherapy  should  be  considered  in  terms  of  protection  and  ose  escalation.  Due  to  the  very  intense  photon  component  in  the  Linac  field  causing  pulse  pile-up  and  dead-time  effects  in  detectors,  measurement  of  the  corresponding  neutron  dose  by  active  dosimeters  is  extremely  troublesome.  In  this  study,  the  neutron  probe  LB  6411,  which  active  detector  of  3He  proportional  counter  tube  was  replaced  with  the  passive  detectors  of  TLD600  and  TLD700,  has  been  used  to  perform  neutron  measurements  at  four  points  around  the  18  MV  Varian  2100C  Linac  facility.  The  neutron  dose  equivalent  at  the  distance  of  1  and  2  m  from  the  isocentre  on  the  patient  couch  was  obtained  2.2  and  0.75  mSv.Gy-1  respectively.  According  to  the  results,  the  dose  equivalent  from  emitted  photoneutrons  is  not  negligible  and  therefore  treatment  conditions  should  be  optimized.  The  results  of  this  study  emphasized  that  TLD600  and  TLD700  dosimeters  inside  the  polyethylene  sphere  of  neutron  probe  LB  6411  is  an  appropriate  choice  for  studying  photoneutron  production  in  the  vicinity  of  the  accelerator.

Wrinkling Poly(trimethylene 2,5-Furanoate) Free-standing Films: Nanostructure Formation and Physical Properties

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelina Soccio ◽  
Nadia Lotti ◽  
Andrea Munari ◽  
Esther Rebollar ◽  
Daniel E Martínez-Tong
Keyword(s):  
Irradiation Time ◽  
Polymer Surface ◽  
Laser Source ◽  
Free Standing ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Nanostructure Formation ◽  
Physicochemical Changes ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Contact Angle Measurements

<p>Nanostructured wrinkles were developed on fully bio-based poly(trimethylene furanoate) (PTF) films by using the technique of Laser Induced Periodic Surface Structures (LIPSS). We investigated the effect of irradiation time on wrinkle formation using an UV pulsed laser source, at a fluence of 8 mJ/cm2. It was found that the pulse range between 600 and 4800 pulses allowed formation of periodic nanometric ripples. The nanostructured surface was studied using a combined macro- and nanoscale approach. We evaluated possible physicochemical changes taking place on the polymer surface after irradiation by infrared spectroscopy, contact angle measurements and atomic force microscopy. The macroscopic physicochemical properties of PTF showed almost no changes after nanostructure formation, differently from the results previously found for the terephthalic counterparts, as poly(ethyleneterephthalate), PET, and poly(trimethyleneterephthalate), PTT. The surface mechanical properties of the nanostructured PTF were found to be improved, as evidenced by nanomechanical force spectroscopy measurements. In particular, an increased Young’s modulus and higher stiffness for the nanostructured sample were measured. <br></p>

Dosimetric comparison of fractionated radiosurgery plans using frameless Gamma Knife ICON and CyberKnife systems with linear accelerator–based radiosurgery plans for multiple large brain metastases

2020 ◽  
Vol 132 (5) ◽  
pp. 1473-1479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun Young Han ◽  
He Wang ◽  
Dershan Luo ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Xin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Brain Metastases ◽  
Gamma Knife ◽  
Linear Accelerator ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Target Volume ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Treatment Planning System ◽  
Normal Brain ◽  
Large Brain ◽  
The Mean

OBJECTIVEFor patients with multiple large brain metastases with at least 1 target volume larger than 10 cm3, multifractionated stereotactic radiosurgery (MF-SRS) has commonly been delivered with a linear accelerator (LINAC). Recent advances of Gamma Knife (GK) units with kilovolt cone-beam CT and CyberKnife (CK) units with multileaf collimators also make them attractive choices. The purpose of this study was to compare the dosimetry of MF-SRS plans deliverable on GK, CK, and LINAC and to discuss related clinical issues.METHODSTen patients with 2 or more large brain metastases who had been treated with MF-SRS on LINAC were identified. The median planning target volume was 18.31 cm3 (mean 21.31 cm3, range 3.42–49.97 cm3), and the median prescribed dose was 27.0 Gy (mean 26.7 Gy, range 21–30 Gy), administered in 3 to 5 fractions. Clinical LINAC treatment plans were generated using inverse planning with intensity modulation on a Pinnacle treatment planning system (version 9.10) for the Varian TrueBeam STx system. GK and CK planning were retrospectively performed using Leksell GammaPlan version 10.1 and Accuray Precision version 1.1.0.0 for the CK M6 system. Tumor coverage, Paddick conformity index (CI), gradient index (GI), and normal brain tissue receiving 4, 12, and 20 Gy were used to compare plan quality. Net beam-on time and approximate planning time were also collected for all cases.RESULTSPlans from all 3 modalities satisfied clinical requirements in target coverage and normal tissue sparing. The mean CI was comparable (0.79, 0.78, and 0.76) for the GK, CK, and LINAC plans. The mean GI was 3.1 for both the GK and the CK plans, whereas the mean GI of the LINAC plans was 4.1. The lower GI of the GK and CK plans would have resulted in significantly lower normal brain volumes receiving a medium or high dose. On average, GK and CK plans spared the normal brain volume receiving at least 12 Gy and 20 Gy by approximately 20% in comparison with the LINAC plans. However, the mean beam-on time of GK (∼ 64 minutes assuming a dose rate of 2.5 Gy/minute) plans was significantly longer than that of CK (∼ 31 minutes) or LINAC (∼ 4 minutes) plans.CONCLUSIONSAll 3 modalities are capable of treating multiple large brain lesions with MF-SRS. GK has the most flexible workflow and excellent dosimetry, but could be limited by the treatment time. CK has dosimetry comparable to that of GK with a consistent treatment time of approximately 30 minutes. LINAC has a much shorter treatment time, but residual rotational error could be a concern.

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