Review Of Experiments On The Impact Of Satellite Data On Numerical Weather Prediction

1984 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Atlas ◽  
E. Kalnay ◽  
M. Halem
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Weather Prediction ◽  
Satellite Data ◽  
Weather Prediction ◽  
Numerical Weather ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals On the Impact of Unmanned Aerial System Observations on Numerical Weather Prediction in the Coastal Zone

2018 ◽  
Vol 146 (2) ◽  
pp. 599-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
David D. Flagg ◽  
James D. Doyle ◽  
Teddy R. Holt ◽  
Daniel P. Tyndall ◽  
Clark M. Amerault ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Data Assimilation ◽  
Numerical Weather Prediction ◽  
Research Laboratory ◽  
Weather Prediction ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
Naval Research ◽  
Unmanned Aerial System ◽  
Numerical Weather ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The Trident Warrior observational field campaign conducted off the U.S. mid-Atlantic coast in July 2013 included the deployment of an unmanned aerial system (UAS) with several payloads on board for atmospheric and oceanic observation. These UAS observations, spanning seven flights over 5 days in the lowest 1550 m above mean sea level, were assimilated into a three-dimensional variational data assimilation (DA) system [the Naval Research Laboratory Atmospheric Variational Data Assimilation System (NAVDAS)] used to generate analyses for a numerical weather prediction model [the Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System (COAMPS)] with a coupled ocean model [the Naval Research Laboratory Navy Coastal Ocean Model (NCOM)]. The impact of the assimilated UAS observations on short-term atmospheric prediction performance is evaluated and quantified. Observations collected from 50 radiosonde launches during the campaign adjacent to the UAS flight paths serve as model forecast verification. Experiments reveal a substantial reduction of model bias in forecast temperature and moisture profiles consistently throughout the campaign period due to the assimilation of UAS observations. The model error reduction is most substantial in the vicinity of the inversion at the top of the model-estimated boundary layer. Investigations reveal a consistent improvement to prediction of the vertical position, strength, and depth of the boundary layer inversion. The relative impact of UAS observations is explored further with experiments of systematic denial of data streams from the NAVDAS DA system and removal of individual measurement sources on the UAS platform.

scholarly journals Sensitivity of Radiative Fluxes to Aerosols in the ALADIN-HIRLAM Numerical Weather Prediction System

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 205
Author(s):  
Laura Rontu ◽  
Emily Gleeson ◽  
Daniel Martin Perez ◽  
Kristian Pagh Nielsen ◽  
Velle Toll
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Numerical Weather Prediction ◽  
Weather Prediction ◽  
Limited Area ◽  
Prediction System ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Radiative Fluxes ◽  
Numerical Weather ◽  
The Impact

The direct radiative effect of aerosols is taken into account in many limited-area numerical weather prediction models using wavelength-dependent aerosol optical depths of a range of aerosol species. We studied the impact of aerosol distribution and optical properties on radiative transfer, based on climatological and more realistic near real-time aerosol data. Sensitivity tests were carried out using the single-column version of the ALADIN-HIRLAM numerical weather prediction system, set up to use the HLRADIA simple broadband radiation scheme. The tests were restricted to clear-sky cases to avoid the complication of cloud–radiation–aerosol interactions. The largest differences in radiative fluxes and heating rates were found to be due to different aerosol loads. When the loads are large, the radiative fluxes and heating rates are sensitive to the aerosol inherent optical properties and the vertical distribution of the aerosol species. In such cases, regional weather models should use external real-time aerosol data for radiation parametrizations. Impacts of aerosols on shortwave radiation dominate longwave impacts. Sensitivity experiments indicated the important effects of highly absorbing black carbon aerosols and strongly scattering desert dust.

scholarly journals Impact of the 4 April 2014 Saharan dust outbreak on the photovoltaic power generation in Germany

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (21) ◽  
pp. 13391-13415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Rieger ◽  
Andrea Steiner ◽  
Vanessa Bachmann ◽  
Philipp Gasch ◽  
Jochen Förstner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Numerical Weather Prediction ◽  
Mineral Dust ◽  
Weather Prediction ◽  
Aerosol Particles ◽  
Saharan Dust ◽  
Radiative Effects ◽  
Numerical Weather ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. The importance for reliable forecasts of incoming solar radiation is growing rapidly, especially for those countries with an increasing share in photovoltaic (PV) power production. The reliability of solar radiation forecasts depends mainly on the representation of clouds and aerosol particles absorbing and scattering radiation. Especially under extreme aerosol conditions, numerical weather prediction has a systematic bias in the solar radiation forecast. This is caused by the design of numerical weather prediction models, which typically account for the direct impact of aerosol particles on radiation using climatological mean values and the impact on cloud formation assuming spatially and temporally homogeneous aerosol concentrations. These model deficiencies in turn can lead to significant economic losses under extreme aerosol conditions. For Germany, Saharan dust outbreaks occurring 5 to 15 times per year for several days each are prominent examples for conditions, under which numerical weather prediction struggles to forecast solar radiation adequately. We investigate the impact of mineral dust on the PV-power generation during a Saharan dust outbreak over Germany on 4 April 2014 using ICON-ART, which is the current German numerical weather prediction model extended by modules accounting for trace substances and related feedback processes. We find an overall improvement of the PV-power forecast for 65 % of the pyranometer stations in Germany. Of the nine stations with very high differences between forecast and measurement, eight stations show an improvement. Furthermore, we quantify the direct radiative effects and indirect radiative effects of mineral dust. For our study, direct effects account for 64 %, indirect effects for 20 % and synergistic interaction effects for 16 % of the differences between the forecast including mineral dust radiative effects and the forecast neglecting mineral dust.

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