160 Gb/s OTDM demultiplexing based on two cascaded electro-absorption sampling windows

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muguang Wang ◽  
Nan Jia ◽  
Kangping Zhong ◽  
Tangjun Li ◽  
Jianfeng Chi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Windows

scholarly journals Citizenship and the Economic Assimilation of Canadian Immigrants

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wladimir Zanoni ◽  
Ailin He
Keyword(s):  
Natural Experiment ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Economic Assimilation ◽  
Physical Presence ◽  
Comparison Groups ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Canadian Immigrants ◽  
Sampling Windows ◽  
Canadian Citizenship ◽  
One Year

In this paper, we examine whether acquiring citizenship improves the economic assimilation of Canadian migrants. We took advantage of a natural experiment made possible through changes in the Canadian Citizenship Act of 2014, which extended the physical presence requirement for citizenship from three to four years. Using quasi-experimental methods, we found that delaying citizenship eligibility by one year adversely affected Canadian residents' wages. Access to better jobs explains a citizenship premium of 11 percent in higher wages among naturalized migrants. Our estimates are robust to model specifications, differing sampling windows to form the treatment and comparison groups, and whether the estimator is a non-parametric rather than a parametric one. We discuss how our findings are relevant to the optimal design of naturalization policies regarding efficiency and equity.

scholarly journals A fast X-corner detection method based on block-search strategy

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 168781401983414
Author(s):  
Cai Meng ◽  
Qi Wang ◽  
Lingjie Wu ◽  
Shaoya Guan ◽  
Yao Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Search Strategy ◽  
Detection Method ◽  
Corner Detection ◽  
Image Size ◽  
Image Block ◽  
Fast Detection ◽  
Sampling Window ◽  
Sampling Windows ◽  
Searching Method ◽  
Detection Speed

In order to detect X-corner (or X-point) features more accurately and apace, this article presents a novel and fast detection method based on block-by-block search strategy. Unlike general pixel-by-pixel searching method, the sampling window is first moved along the image block-by-block to find the X-corner candidates rapidly keeping in view the four-step and min-step-distance constraints. During the motion, some overlap is kept between the adjacent sampling windows in order to ensure that all X-corners could have a chance to reside inside, avoiding the possibility of that some X-corners may locate on the edge. Moreover, labeling technology is adopted to prevent duplicate candidates. After the collection of X-corner candidates, the neighborhood variance and centrosymmetry constraints are used to exclude outliers, and the intersection lines is calculated as the sub-pixel position of true X-corner. The experimental results using synthetic and real images show that the presented method approximately takes just about 13 ms to detect 52 X-corners in an image size of 1024 × 768 on a computer having Intel Core i3 CPU at 3.6 GHz and 4GB RAM. The proposed method has faster detection speed compared with the latest methods such as ChESS, SC, and Micron Tracker system while possessing the same or higher detection precision.

Simplified three-dimensional modeling method and its uncertainty analysis for adit fractures collected within short sampling windows

2021 ◽  
pp. qjegh2020-096
Author(s):  
Wen Zhang ◽  
Jia Wang ◽  
Junqing Lou ◽  
Bo Shan ◽  
Jinfeng Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Information ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Fracture Network ◽  
Structural Domain ◽  
Fracture Density ◽  
Rock Masses ◽  
Three Dimensional Modeling ◽  
Fracture Parameters ◽  
Sampling Windows ◽  
Using Data

This study takes rock masses at the Songta Hydropower Station in Southeast China as examples to perform three-dimensional (3D) discrete fracture network (DFN) modeling. Field fracture traces are collected from four adits (PD252, PD254, PD262, and PD264) with 1.6 m high sampling windows. The relationship between 3D fracture parameters and two-dimensional collected trace information is investigated using data collected from short sampling windows. On the basis of this relationship, a simplified method is proposed to determine the 3D fracture density and disc diameter and generate 3D DFN. This method avoids the complex deduction processes of geometric fracture parameters, thereby simplifying 3D DFN modeling considerably. Although the method is developed on the basis of short-window collection, traditional data collected within a tall window are still applicable through the window dividing method. Short windows do not contain competent traces that reflect the structural information of rock masses. Therefore, errors are easily found during 3D DFN modeling. We propose a method to evaluate and reduce uncertainty effects. The uncertainties of fracture sets 1 and 2 are analyzed by increasing the sampling size in a single structural domain, and the errors are acceptable.

160 Gb/s OTDM demultiplexing based on two cascaded electro-absorption Sampling Windows

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muguang Wang ◽  
Nan Jia ◽  
Kangping Zhong ◽  
Tangjun Li ◽  
Jianfeng Chi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Windows

scholarly journals Role of normal boundary condition in interface shear test for the determination of skin friction along pile shaft

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (9) ◽  
pp. 1245-1256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianfeng Wang ◽  
Su Liu ◽  
Yi Pik Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Condition ◽  
Shear Test ◽  
Lateral Boundary Condition ◽  
Penetration Test ◽  
Interface Shear ◽  
Pile Shaft ◽  
Pile Penetration ◽  
Normal Boundary ◽  
Sampling Windows

This paper presents numerical results from a two-dimensional discrete element method (DEM) simulation study on the influence of lateral boundary condition on shaft resistance of a pile driven into a crushable sand. The study was conducted by comparing simulation results from the pile penetration test and the interface shear test employing parallel-bonded agglomerates for modeling of the particle breakage. The interface shear test was performed under three different types of normal boundary conditions; namely, constant normal load (CNL), constant normal stiffness (CNS), and constant volume (CV) boundary conditions. For the pile penetration test, a series of sampling windows were identified on the initial ground configuration to monitor the stress–strain, volume change, and particle breakage behavior of particle groups located within the sampling windows. A detailed investigation was then undertaken by comparing the behavior of particle groups with that from the interface shear test to find out which type of normal boundary condition best describes the lateral boundary condition in the pile penetration test. It has been found that the behavior of a particle group reaches the peak state below the pile tip and the critical state after it reaches the pile shaft. The influence of normal boundary condition on the stress ratio at the critical state is not obvious. The conventional interface shear test (i.e., CNL) can provide valuable information on the determination of skin friction along the pile shaft.

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