Soil moisture retrieval from SAR images as a calibration tool for soil moisture index derived from thermal inertia with MODIS images

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Notarnicola ◽  
B. Ventura ◽  
S. Pettinato ◽  
E. Santi ◽  
M. Zebisch
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Thermal Inertia ◽  
Moisture Index ◽  
Sar Images ◽  
Soil Moisture Index ◽  
Calibration Tool

scholarly journals Drought Propagation in Semi-Arid River Basins in Latin America: Lessons from Mexico to the Southern Cone

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie Oertel ◽  
Francisco Meza ◽  
Jorge Gironás ◽  
Christopher A. Scott ◽  
Facundo Rojas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Drought Monitoring ◽  
Moisture Index ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Basin Scale ◽  
Soil Moisture Index ◽  
Streamflow Data ◽  
Governmental Institutions ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Combined Data

Detecting droughts as early as possible is important in avoiding negative impacts on economy, society, and environment. To improve drought monitoring, we studied drought propagation (i.e., the temporal manifestation of a precipitation deficit on soil moisture and streamflow). We used the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI), Standardized Streamflow Index (SSI), and Standardized Soil Moisture Index (SSMI) in three drought-prone regions: Sonora (Mexico), Maipo (Chile), and Mendoza-Tunuyán (Argentina) to study their temporal interdependence. For this evaluation we use precipitation, temperature, and streamflow data from gauges that are managed by governmental institutions, and satellite-based soil moisture from the ESA CCI SM v03.3 combined data set. Results confirm that effective drought monitoring should be carried out (1) at river-basin scale, (2) including several variables, and (3) considering hydro-meteorological processes from outside its boundaries.

scholarly journals Soil moisture obtained through remote sensing to assess drought events

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 575-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiago de M. Inocêncio ◽  
Alfredo Ribeiro Neto ◽  
Alzira G. S. S. Souza
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Condition Index ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Moisture Index ◽  
Moisture Condition ◽  
Soil Moisture Condition ◽  
Northeast Region ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Soil Moisture Index

ABSTRACT The sequence of drought events in the Northeast of Brazil in recent decades raises attention to the importance of studying this phenomenon. The objective of this study was to evaluate the duration and severity of drought events from 1988 to 2018 in hydrographic basins of the state of Pernambuco, Brazil, using two drought indexes: Standardized Soil Moisture Index and Soil Moisture Condition Index, calculated based on data of the Soil Moisture Project of the European Space Agency’s Climate Change Initiative. The duration of the droughts was determined considering the months between their beginning and end, and their severity was based on the area formed in the graph between the curve of the index and the x-axis. The soil moisture database showed to be a promising tool for the analysis and monitoring of drought events in the Northeast region of Brazil, mainly for analysis and monitoring of drought events. The indexes allowed the evaluation of the drought phenomenon over the 30-year period, showing increases from 2012, which were more pronounced in the Semiarid region. The hydrographic basins responded differently to a same event, depending on the climate characteristics of the region in which they are located. Consecutive years with rainfall below the historical mean increased the magnitude of the droughts, as found for the 2012-2017 period, in which the indexes presented delays to return to more favorable values, showing the effect that one drought year has on the following year.

scholarly journals Development of the Soil Moisture Index to Quantify Agricultural Drought and Its “User Friendliness” in Severity-Area-Duration Assessment

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 660-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venkataramana Sridhar ◽  
Kenneth G. Hubbard ◽  
Jinsheng You ◽  
Eric D. Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Agricultural Drought ◽  
Extreme Drought ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Moisture Index ◽  
Drought Duration ◽  
Available Water ◽  
Soil Moisture Index ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Wilting Point

Abstract This paper examines the role of soil moisture in quantifying drought through the development of a drought index using observed and modeled soil moisture. In Nebraska, rainfall is received primarily during the crop-growing season and the supply of moisture from the Gulf of Mexico determines if the impending crop year is either normal or anomalous and any deficit of rain leads to a lack of soil moisture storage. Using observed soil moisture from the Automated Weather Data Network (AWDN), the actual available water content for plants is calculated as the difference between observed or modeled soil moisture and wilting point, which is subsequently normalized with the site-specific, soil property–based, idealistic available water for plants that is calculated as the difference between field capacity and wilting point to derive the soil moisture index (SMI). This index is categorized into five classes from no drought to extreme drought to quantitatively assess drought in both space and time. Additionally, with the aid of an in-house hydrology model, soil moisture was simulated in order to compute model-based SMI and to compare the drought duration and severity for various sites. The results suggest that the soil moisture influence, a positive feedback process reported in many earlier studies, is unquestionably a quantitative indicator of drought. Also, the severity and duration of drought across Nebraska has a clear gradient from west to east, with the Panhandle region experiencing severe to extreme drought in the deeper soil layers for longer periods (>200 days), than the central and southwestern regions (125–150 days) or the eastern regions about 100 days or less. The anomalous rainfall years can eliminate the distinction among these regions with regard to their drought extent, severity, and persistence, thus making drought a more ubiquitous phenomenon, but the recovery from drought can be subject to similar gradations. The spatial SMI maps presented in this paper can be used with the Drought Monitor maps to assess the local drought conditions more effectively.

Soil Moisture Index

1917 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-152
Author(s):  
Francis Ramaley
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Moisture Index ◽  
Soil Moisture Index

A real-time online drought broadcast system for monitoring soil moisture index

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Won-Ho Nam ◽  
Jin-Yong Choi ◽  
Seung-Hwan Yoo ◽  
B. A. Engel
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Moisture Index ◽  
Soil Moisture Index

scholarly journals Assessment of spatiotemporal characteristics of agro-meteorological drought events based on comparing Standardized Soil Moisture Index, Standardized Precipitation Index and Multivariate Standardized Drought Index

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Imran Khan ◽  
Xingye Zhu ◽  
Muhammad Arshad ◽  
Muhammad Zaman ◽  
Yasir Niaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Drought Index ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Precipitation Index ◽  
Drought Indices ◽  
Moisture Index ◽  
Drought Characteristics ◽  
Soil Moisture Index ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Standardized Drought Index

Abstract Drought indices that compute drought events by their statistical properties are essential stratagems for the estimation of the impact of drought events on a region. This research presents a quantitative investigation of drought events by analyzing drought characteristics, considering agro-meteorological aspects in the Heilongjiang Province of China during 1980 to 2015. To examine these aspects, the Standardized Soil Moisture Index (SSI), Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), and Multivariate Standardized Drought Index (MSDI) were used to evaluate the drought characteristics. The results showed that almost half of the extreme and exceptional drought events occurred during 1990–92 and 2004–05. The spatiotemporal analysis of drought characteristics assisted in the estimation of the annual drought frequency (ADF, 1.20–2.70), long-term mean drought duration (MDD, 5–11 months), mean drought severity (MDS, −0.9 to −2.9), and mild conditions of mean drought intensity (MDI, −0.2 to −0.80) over the study area. The results obtained by MSDI reveal the drought onset and termination based on the combination of SPI and SSI, with onset being dominated by SPI and drought persistence being more similar to SSI behavior. The results of this study provide valuable information and can prove to be a reference framework to guide agricultural production in the region.

Mechanism and Characteristics of Flash Droughts in India and their Evaluation Using Evaporative Soil Moisture Index (ESMI)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanti Shwarup Mahto ◽  
Vimal Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Vapour Pressure Deficit ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Driving Mechanism ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Moisture Index ◽  
Strong Negative Correlation ◽  
Soil Moisture Index

<p>Flash droughts can cause a short-term but severe devastating impacts to agriculture and the ecosystem. However, the mechanism and characteristics of flash droughts remain unexplored in the monsoon dominating climate over India. Here, we use the hydro-meteorological variables from ERA-5 reanalysis to derive surface vapour pressure deficit (VPD), and soil moisture (SM) from GLEAM to construct a copula based SM-VPD index [named as Evaporative Soil Moisture Index (ESMI)], which is used to identify flash droughts in India. First, we evaluate the land-atmospheric coupling, which suggests that SM-VPD has a strong negative correlation in both monsoon and non-monsoon seasons. Soil Moisture and evapotranspiration (ET) show a strong negative and positive relationship in the monsoon and non-monsoon season, respectively. Our results show that unlike ET based indices (e.g. evaporative stress index), ESMI captures flash droughts in both monsoon and non-monsoon seasons over India. We identified and evaluated six major flash drought that occurred during the 1980-2018 period using ESMI along with their driving mechanism.</p>

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