Propagation and tunneling of electromagnetic waves through uniaxial metamaterials at arbitrary orientations of the optical axis

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgenii Starodubtsev
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Optical Axis

scholarly journals Features and energy characteristics of special inhomogeneous electromagnetic waves in hyperbolic metamaterials

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 488-498
Author(s):  
N. S. Petrov ◽  
S. N. Kurilkina ◽  
A. B. Zimin ◽  
V. N. Belyi
Keyword(s):  
Total Internal Reflection ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Optical Axis ◽  
Interface Plane ◽  
Energy Characteristics ◽  
Hyperbolic Metamaterials ◽  
Hyperbolic Metamaterial ◽  
Exponential Law ◽  
Inhomogeneous Waves ◽  
Existence Conditions

In this paper, it is shown that under the conditions of total internal reflection of plane homogeneous electromagnetic waves at the interface of a hyperbolic metamaterial and an ordinary isotropic medium, special inhomogeneous electromagnetic waves are excited in certain circumstances near the surface of the metamaterial and their amplitude changes with distance according to the non-exponential law. The existence conditions for such waves are established for the case when the optical axis is located within the interface plane and forms an angle with the plane of incidence. The energy flux and the energy density of special inhomogeneous waves in a hyperbolic metamaterial are determined. 

scholarly journals Cross-polarization of electromagnetic waves reflected by anisotropic gradient planar structures

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 12017
Author(s):  
Natalja Moiseeva
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Wave ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Wave Reflection ◽  
Optical Axis ◽  
Wkb Method ◽  
Cross Polarization ◽  
Planar Structures ◽  
Reflection Matrix ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Waves

The results of calculating the moduli of the coefficients of the electromagnetic wave reflection matrix (EMW) at the boundary of an inhomogeneous anisotropic medium with torsion using the matrix form of the Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin (WKB) method are presented. The effect of the orientation of the optical axis and the torsion angle on the polarization of the waves propagating in the medium and on the off-diagonal coefficients of the reflection matrix is shown.

Seti Space Missions

1997 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 761-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Maccone
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Space Missions ◽  
Gravitational Lens ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Space Antenna ◽  
Focal Distance ◽  
Large Space ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Space Antennas ◽  
New Space

AbstractSETI from space is currently envisaged in three ways: i) by large space antennas orbiting the Earth that could be used for both VLBI and SETI (VSOP and RadioAstron missions), ii) by a radiotelescope inside the Saha far side Moon crater and an Earth-link antenna on the Mare Smythii near side plain. Such SETIMOON mission would require no astronaut work since a Tether, deployed in Moon orbit until the two antennas landed softly, would also be the cable connecting them. Alternatively, a data relay satellite orbiting the Earth-Moon Lagrangian pointL2would avoid the Earthlink antenna, iii) by a large space antenna put at the foci of the Sun gravitational lens: 1) for electromagnetic waves, the minimal focal distance is 550 Astronomical Units (AU) or 14 times beyond Pluto. One could use the huge radio magnifications of sources aligned to the Sun and spacecraft; 2) for gravitational waves and neutrinos, the focus lies between 22.45 and 29.59 AU (Uranus and Neptune orbits), with a flight time of less than 30 years. Two new space missions, of SETI interest if ET’s use neutrinos for communications, are proposed.

Analysis of 3-d molecular distribution with the digital imaging microscope

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 40-41
Author(s):  
W.A. Carrington ◽  
F.S. Fay ◽  
K.E. Fogarty ◽  
L. Lifshitz
Keyword(s):  
Image Restoration ◽  
Digital Imaging ◽  
Fluorescent Dyes ◽  
Optical Axis ◽  
Computer Hardware ◽  
Computer Algorithms ◽  
Low Contrast ◽  
Specific Proteins ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Single Living Cells

Advances in digital imaging microscopy and in the synthesis of fluorescent dyes allow the determination of 3D distribution of specific proteins, ions, GNA or DNA in single living cells. Effective use of this technology requires a combination of optical and computer hardware and software for image restoration, feature extraction and computer graphics.The digital imaging microscope consists of a conventional epifluorescence microscope with computer controlled focus, excitation and emission wavelength and duration of excitation. Images are recorded with a cooled (-80°C) CCD. 3D images are obtained as a series of optical sections at .25 - .5 μm intervals.A conventional microscope has substantial blurring along its optical axis. Out of focus contributions to a single optical section cause low contrast and flare; details are poorly resolved along the optical axis. We have developed new computer algorithms for reversing these distortions. These image restoration techniques and scanning confocal microscopes yield significantly better images; the results from the two are comparable.

Field Distribution of Strongly Excited Magnetic Lenses

1975 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 140-141
Author(s):  
M. Strojnik
Keyword(s):  
Flux Density ◽  
Field Distribution ◽  
Optical Axis ◽  
Operating Point ◽  
Pole Piece ◽  
Partial Saturation ◽  
Axial Flux ◽  
The Stability

Magnetic lenses operating in partial saturation offer two advantages in HVEM: they exhibit small cs and cc and their power depends little on the excitation IN. Curve H, Fig. 1, shows that the maximal axial flux density Bz max of one of the lenses investigated changes between points (3) and (4) by 5% as the excitation varies by 40%. Consequently, the designer can relax the requirements concerning the stability of the lens current supplies. Saturated lenses, however, can only be used if (i) unwanted fields along the optical axis can be controlled, (ii) 'wobbling' of the optical axis due to inhomogeneous saturation around the pole piece faces is prevented, (iii) ample ampere-turns can be squeezed into the space available, and (iv) the lens operating point covers a sufficient range of accelerating voltages.

Microwaves: Application in Electron Microscopy

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 140-141
Author(s):  
Anthony S-Y Leong ◽  
David W Gove
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Tissue Fixation ◽  
Primary Method ◽  
Dipolar Molecules ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Cryostat Sections

Microwaves (MW) are electromagnetic waves which are commonly generated at a frequency of 2.45 GHz. When dipolar molecules such as water, the polar side chains of proteins and other molecules with an uneven distribution of electrical charge are exposed to such non-ionizing radiation, they oscillate through 180° at a rate of 2,450 million cycles/s. This rapid kinetic movement results in accelerated chemical reactions and produces instantaneous heat. MWs have recently been applied to a wide range of procedures for light microscopy. MWs generated by domestic ovens have been used as a primary method of tissue fixation, it has been applied to the various stages of tissue processing as well as to a wide variety of staining procedures. This use of MWs has not only resulted in drastic reductions in the time required for tissue fixation, processing and staining, but have also produced better cytologic images in cryostat sections, and more importantly, have resulted in better preservation of cellular antigens.

Scattering and coupling effects of electromagnetic waves in 3D networks of spheres

1998 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Defos du Rau ◽  
F. Pessan ◽  
G. Ruffie ◽  
V. Vignéras-Lefebvre ◽  
J. P. Parneix
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Coupling Effects ◽  
3D Networks
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