A method for three-dimensional displacement and deformation measurement applied to the statically loaded middle ear ossicles

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willem F. Decraemer ◽  
Stefan L. Gea ◽  
Steve A. Maas ◽  
Joris J. J. Dirckx
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ear ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Deformation Measurement ◽  
Ear Ossicles

Scanning Laser Doppler Vibrometry of the Middle Ear Ossicles

1997 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 213-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey R. Ball ◽  
Alex Huber ◽  
Richard L. Goode
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ear ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Laser Doppler Vibrometer ◽  
Ossicular Chain ◽  
Laser Doppler ◽  
Scanning Laser ◽  
Scanning Laser Doppler Vibrometer ◽  
Point Analysis ◽  
Ear Ossicles

This paper describes measurements of the vibratory modes of the middle ear ossicles made with a scanning laser Doppler vibrometer. Previous studies of the middle ear ossicles with single-point laser Doppler measurements have raised questions regarding the vibrational modes of the ossicular chain. Single-point analysis methods do not have the ability to measure multiple points on the ossicles and, consequently, have limited ability to simultaneously record relative phase information at these points. Using a Polytec Model PSV-100, detailed measurements of the ossicular chain have been completed in the human temporal bone model. This model, when driven with a middle ear transducer, provides detailed three-dimensional data of the vibrational patterns of the middle ear ossicles. Implications for middle ear implantable devices are discussed.

scholarly journals Into the dark: patterns of middle ear adaptations in subterranean eulipotyphlan mammals

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 170608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daisuke Koyabu ◽  
Misato Hosojima ◽  
Hideki Endo
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ear ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Frequency Noise ◽  
Terrestrial Environment ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
Geometric Morphometric ◽  
Key Innovation ◽  
Ear Ossicles ◽  
Stapes Footplate

Evolution of the middle ear ossicles was a key innovation for mammals, enhancing the transmission of airborne sound. Radiation into various habitats from a terrestrial environment resulted in diversification of the auditory mechanisms among mammals. However, due to the paucity of phylogenetically controlled investigations, how middle ear traits have diversified with functional specialization remains unclear. In order to identify the respective patterns for various lifestyles and to gain insights into fossil forms, we employed a high-resolution tomography technique and compared the middle ear morphology of eulipotyphlan species (moles, shrews and hedgehogs), a group that has radiated into various environments, such as terrestrial, aquatic and subterranean habitats. Three-dimensional geometric morphometric analysis was conducted within a phylogenetically controlled framework. Quantitative shapes were found to strongly reflect the degree of subterranean lifestyle and weakly involve phylogeny. Our analyses demonstrate that subterranean adaptation should include a relatively shorter anterior process of the malleus, an enlarged incus, an enlarged stapes footplate and a reduction of the orbicular apophysis. These traits arguably allow improving low-frequency sound transmission at low frequencies and inhibiting the low-frequency noise which disturbs the subterranean animals in hearing airborne sounds.

Spatial carrier color digital speckle pattern interferometry for absolute three-dimensional deformation measurement

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 066107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinya Gao ◽  
Yonghong Wang ◽  
Junrui Li ◽  
Xizuo Dan ◽  
Sijin Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Speckle Pattern ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Deformation Measurement ◽  
Digital Speckle Pattern Interferometry ◽  
Digital Speckle

A volumetric three-dimensional evaluation of invasiveness of an endoscopic and microscopic approach for transmeatal visualisation of the middle ear

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
A H A Baazil ◽  
J G G Dobbe ◽  
E van Spronsen ◽  
F A Ebbens ◽  
F G Dikkers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Endoscopic Approach ◽  
Microscopic Approach ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Objective This study aimed to compare the necessary scutum defect for transmeatal visualisation of middle-ear landmarks between an endoscopic and microscopic approach. Method Human cadaveric heads were used. In group 1, middle-ear landmarks were visualised by endoscope (group 1 endoscopic approach) and subsequently by microscope (group 1 microscopic approach following endoscopy). In group 2, landmarks were visualised solely microscopically (group 2 microscopic approach). The amount of resected bone was evaluated via computed tomography scans. Results In the group 1 endoscopic approach, a median of 6.84 mm3 bone was resected. No statistically significant difference (Mann–Whitney U test, p = 0.163, U = 49.000) was found between the group 1 microscopic approach following endoscopy (median 17.84 mm3) and the group 2 microscopic approach (median 20.08 mm3), so these were combined. The difference between the group 1 endoscopic approach and the group 1 microscopic approach following endoscopy plus group 2 microscopic approach (median 18.16 mm3) was statistically significant (Mann–Whitney U test, p < 0.001, U = 18.000). Conclusion This study showed that endoscopic transmeatal visualisation of middle-ear landmarks preserves more of the bony scutum than a microscopic transmeatal approach.

Hox-A2 protein expression in mouse embryo middle ear ossicles

Morphologie ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 102 (339) ◽  
pp. 243-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Louryan ◽  
Marie Lejong ◽  
Myriam Choa-Duterre ◽  
Nathalie Vanmuylder
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Mouse Embryo ◽  
Ear Ossicles

scholarly journals 3D visualization in otosurgery

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 38-49
Author(s):  
D. M. Kuz’min ◽  
◽  
A. A. Fedotova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ear ◽  
3D Visualization ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Middle Ear Surgery ◽  
Ear Surgery ◽  
Task Load ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Surgical Field ◽  
Nasa Task Load Index

The main priority of middle ear surgery is to create a safe and optimal view of the surgical field, as well as the most accurate visualization of anatomical structures, which is a driving factor in the evolution of otosurgery. The additional information provided by three-dimensional (3D) images has been proven to improve understanding of the temporal bone anatomy and improve the operator’s ability to assess associated diseases, thereby optimizing surgical management. In the presented experimental research work, a new technique for visualizing the surgical field is described, which improves the quality of the operator’s work and expands the possibilities of middle ear surgery. On the basis of the Chair of Otorhinolaryngology of the Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University a remote adapter for an endoscopic tube was created, which allows you to broadcast the video image received from its distal end to virtual reality glasses. For a detailed understanding of the principle of information transmission in a new three-dimensional reality, we used concepts such as disparity and stereopsis. All research results were evaluated according to the NASA Task Load Index scale. Analyzing the results of the experiment, in the conditions of three-dimensional visualization of the surgical field, a lower level of subjective workload was revealed, which was regarded as a positive effect of the realization of the phenomenon of stereopsis, when performing manipulations on the middle ear.

Morphological effects of nanosecond- and femtosecond-pulsed laser ablation on human middle ear ossicles

2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 014004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justus Ilgner ◽  
Martin Wehner ◽  
Johann Lorenzen ◽  
Manfred Bovi ◽  
Martin Westhofen
Keyword(s):  
Laser Ablation ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Pulsed Laser ◽  
Pulsed Laser Ablation ◽  
Ear Ossicles ◽  
Human Middle Ear ◽  
Femtosecond Pulsed Laser

Mesozoic mammals and early mammalian brain diversity

2003 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 556-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Gilissen ◽  
Thierry Smith
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ear ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Mammalian Brain ◽  
Fossil Remains ◽  
Ear Ossicles ◽  
Mesozoic Mammals ◽  
Brain Expansion ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Brain

Fossil remains witness the relationship between the appearance of the middle ear and the expansion of the brain in early mammals. Nevertheless, the lack of detachment of ear ossicles in the mammaliaform Morganucodon, despite brain enlargement, points to other factors that triggered brain expansion in early mammals. Moreover, brain expansion in some early mammalian groups seems to have favored brain regions other than the cortex.

scholarly journals Spatial Baseline Optimization for Spaceborne Multistatic SAR Tomography Systems

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 2106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiuchao Zhao ◽  
Anxi Yu ◽  
Yongsheng Zhang ◽  
Xiaoxiang Zhu ◽  
Zhen Dong
Keyword(s):  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Geometric Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Deformation Measurement ◽  
Experimental Simulation ◽  
Baseline Design ◽  
Imaging Performance ◽  
The Impact

Spaceborne multistatic synthetic aperture radar (SAR) tomography (SMS-TomoSAR) systems take full advantage of the flexible configuration of multistatic SAR in the space, time, phase, and frequency dimensions, and simultaneously achieve high-precision height resolution and low-deformation measurement of three-dimensional ground scenes. SMS-TomoSAR currently poses a series of key issues to solve, such as baseline optimization, spatial transmission error estimation and compensation, and the choice of imaging algorithm, which directly affects the performance of height-dimensional imaging and surface deformation measurement. This paper explores the impact of baseline distribution on height-dimensional imaging performance for the baseline optimization issue, and proposes a feasible baseline optimization method. Firstly, the multi-base multi-pass baselines of an SMS-TomoSAR system are considered equivalent to a group of multi-pass baselines from monostatic SAR. Secondly, we establish the equivalent baselines as a symmetric-geometric model to characterize the non-uniform characteristic of baseline distribution. Through experimental simulation and model analysis, an approximately uniform baseline distribution is shown to have better SMS-TomoSAR imaging performance in the height direction. Further, a baseline design method under uniform-perturbation sampling with Gaussian distribution error is proposed. Finally, the imaging performance of different levels of perturbation is compared, and the maximum baseline perturbation allowed by the system is given.

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