Relativistic nonlinear Thomson scattering as a coherent source of high harmonic generation in interactions between very intense laser beams and plasmas

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandru Popa
Author(s):  
Allan S. Johnson ◽  
Timur Avni ◽  
Esben W. Larsen ◽  
Dane R. Austin ◽  
Jon P. Marangos

High harmonic generation (HHG) of an intense laser pulse is a highly nonlinear optical phenomenon that provides the only proven source of tabletop attosecond pulses, and it is the key technology in attosecond science. Recent developments in high-intensity infrared lasers have extended HHG beyond its traditional domain of the XUV spectral range (10–150 eV) into the soft X-ray regime (150 eV to 3 keV), allowing the compactness, stability and sub-femtosecond duration of HHG to be combined with the atomic site specificity and electronic/structural sensitivity of X-ray spectroscopy. HHG in the soft X-ray spectral region has significant differences from HHG in the XUV, which necessitate new approaches to generating and characterizing attosecond pulses. Here, we examine the challenges and opportunities of soft X-ray HHG, and we use simulations to examine the optimal generating conditions for the development of high-flux, attosecond-duration pulses in the soft X-ray spectral range. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Measurement of ultrafast electronic and structural dynamics with X-rays’.


Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongzheng Wen ◽  
Ji Zhou

High harmonic generation allows one to extend the frequency of laser to a much broader regime and to study the electron dynamics of matters. However, severely limited by the vague high-order process in natural material and the unfriendly state of the commonly applied gas and plasma media, the ambitious goal of custom-design high harmonics remains exceptionally challenging. Here, we demonstrate that high harmonics can be artificially designed and tailored based on a metamaterial route. With the localized reconstruction of magnetic field in a metamaterial, the nonlinear Thomson scattering, a ubiquitous electromagnetic process which people used to believe that it only occurs with the relativistic velocity, can be stimulated in a nonrelativistic limit, which drives anharmonic oscillation of free electrons and generates high harmonics. An explicit physical model and the numerical simulations perfectly demonstrate the artificial generation and tailoring of the high harmonics. This novel mechanism is entirely dominated by the artificial structure instead of the natural nonlinear compositions. It not only provides unprecedented design freedom to the high harmonic generation but breaks the rigorous prerequisite of the relativistic velocity of the nonlinear Thomson scattering process, which offers fascinating possibilities to the development of new light source and ultrafast optics, and opens up exciting opportunities for the advanced understanding of electrodynamics in condensed matters.


2002 ◽  
Vol 49 (14-15) ◽  
pp. 2599-2614 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Banerjee ◽  
A. R. Valenzuela ◽  
R.C. Shah ◽  
A. Maksimchuk ◽  
D. Umstadter

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