Automatic segmentation of the facial nerve and chorda tympani using image registration and statistical priors

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack H. Noble ◽  
Frank M. Warren ◽  
Robert F. Labadie ◽  
Benoit M. Dawant
Keyword(s):  
Image Registration ◽  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Automatic Segmentation ◽  
Chorda Tympani

scholarly journals Automatic segmentation of the facial nerve and chorda tympani in CT images using spatially dependent feature values

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (12) ◽  
pp. 5375-5384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack H. Noble ◽  
Frank M. Warren ◽  
Robert F. Labadie ◽  
Benoit M. Dawant
Keyword(s):  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Automatic Segmentation ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
Chorda Tympani ◽  
Feature Values

scholarly journals Automatic segmentation of the facial nerve and chorda tympani in pediatric CT scans

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 5590-5600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fitsum A. Reda ◽  
Jack H. Noble ◽  
Alejandro Rivas ◽  
Theodore R. McRackan ◽  
Robert F. Labadie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Automatic Segmentation ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Chorda Tympani ◽  
Pediatric Ct

scholarly journals Postoperative radiological assessment of the mastoid facial canal in cochlear implant patients in correlation with facial nerve stimulation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iris Burck ◽  
Rania A. Helal ◽  
Nagy N. N. Naguib ◽  
Nour-Eldin A. Nour-Eldin ◽  
Jan-Erik Scholtz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Cochlear Implant ◽  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Lateral Wall ◽  
Facial Canal ◽  
Chorda Tympani ◽  
Radiological Assessment ◽  
Canal Diameter ◽  
History Of ◽  
Facial Nerve Stimulation

Abstract Objectives To correlate the radiological assessment of the mastoid facial canal in postoperative cochlear implant (CI) cone-beam CT (CBCT) and other possible contributing clinical or implant-related factors with postoperative facial nerve stimulation (FNS) occurrence. Methods Two experienced radiologists evaluated retrospectively 215 postoperative post-CI CBCT examinations. The mastoid facial canal diameter, wall thickness, distance between the electrode cable and mastoid facial canal, and facial-chorda tympani angle were assessed. Additionally, the intracochlear position and the insertion angle and depth of electrodes were evaluated. Clinical data were analyzed for postoperative FNS within 1.5-year follow-up, CI type, onset, and causes for hearing loss such as otosclerosis, meningitis, and history of previous ear surgeries. Postoperative FNS was correlated with the measurements and clinical data using logistic regression. Results Within the study population (mean age: 56 ± 18 years), ten patients presented with FNS. The correlations between FNS and facial canal diameter (p = 0.09), wall thickness (p = 0.27), distance to CI cable (p = 0.44), and angle with chorda tympani (p = 0.75) were statistically non-significant. There were statistical significances for previous history of meningitis/encephalitis (p = 0.001), extracochlear-electrode-contacts (p = 0.002), scala-vestibuli position (p = 0.02), younger patients’ age (p = 0.03), lateral-wall-electrode type (p = 0.04), and early/childhood onset hearing loss (p = 0.04). Histories of meningitis/encephalitis and extracochlear-electrode-contacts were included in the first two steps of the multivariate logistic regression. Conclusion The mastoid-facial canal radiological assessment and the positional relationship with the CI electrode provide no predictor of postoperative FNS. Histories of meningitis/encephalitis and extracochlear-electrode-contacts are important risk factors. Key Points • Post-operative radiological assessment of the mastoid facial canal and the positional relationship with the CI electrode provide no predictor of post-cochlear implant facial nerve stimulation. • Radiological detection of extracochlear electrode contacts and the previous clinical history of meningitis/encephalitis are two important risk factors for postoperative facial nerve stimulation in cochlear implant patients. • The presence of scala vestibuli electrode insertion as well as the lateral wall electrode type, the younger patient’s age, and early onset of SNHL can play important role in the prediction of post-cochlear implant facial nerve stimulation.

Model-based segmentation of the facial nerve and chorda tympani in pediatric CT scans

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fitsum A. Reda ◽  
Jack H. Noble ◽  
Alejandro Rivas ◽  
Robert F. Labadie ◽  
Benoit M. Dawant
Keyword(s):  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Chorda Tympani ◽  
Pediatric Ct ◽  
Model Based

Chorda tympani neuroma masquerading as cholesteatoma

2003 ◽  
Vol 117 (12) ◽  
pp. 987-988 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Hopkins ◽  
H. Chau ◽  
J. A. McGilligan
Keyword(s):  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Ossicular Chain ◽  
Chorda Tympani ◽  
Compensatory Mechanisms ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Total Resection ◽  
Complete Excision ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion ◽  
Slow Growing

Facial nerve neuromas occur throughout the course of the facial nerve and its branches, however lesions occurring on the chorda tympani branch are exceptionally rare.We present a case where the diagnosis was made intra-operatively; the patient was pre-operatively thought to have had a cholesteatoma.Total resection is the treatment of choice for these cases. Early diagnosis, aided by high resolution computed tomography (CT) scanning, will facilitate complete excision without damage to the facial nerve itself or the ossicular chain. The slow growing nature of the neuroma is likely to allow compensatory mechanisms to occur without the patient experiencing dysgeusia. As with any rarity the diagnosis can only be made with a high index of suspicion.

Pathogenesis of Bell's Palsy

1977 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 549-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Gussen
Keyword(s):  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Bell’S Palsy ◽  
Facial Canal ◽  
Chorda Tympani ◽  
Bell's Palsy ◽  
Nerve Branch ◽  
Collagen Formation ◽  
Myelin Sheaths ◽  
Metabolic Exchange

The pathogenesis of Bell's palsy is presented as retrograde epineurial compression edema with ischemia of the facial nerve. Although the etiology is unknown, an attractive theory is vasospasm, from any cause, along any facial nerve branch, with the chorda tympani, perhaps, the usual primary involvement. Retrograde vascular distension and edema, within the epineurium of the bony facial canal, compresses the nerve from outside its perineurial sheath. The compression force may be mild or severe, resulting in varying degrees of reversible or irreversible ischemic degeneration of myelin sheaths and axons, with varying degrees of cellular reaction to myelin breakdown. The edema may be resorbed, leaving reversible or irreversible nerve damage, or may stimulate collagen formation within the epineurium, with persisting fibrous compression (entrapment) neuropathy of the facial nerve. This concept is consistent with the varying results of Bell's palsy, and depends on the severity and duration of edema, and whether fibrosis occurs within the epineurium of the facial canal. Epineurial fibrosis also results in disturbance of metabolic exchange through the epineurial-permeurial-endoneurial tissues, and may ultimately result in obliteration of vascular drainage. Two temporal bone cases of Bell's palsy, one occurring ten years before death, with residual paralysis. and one two years before death, with clinical recovery, are added to the previously described four cases in the literature, three of early Bell's palsy, and one of remote palsy with almost complete recovery.

Early development of the facial nerve in the chick embryo with special reference to the development of the chorda tympani

1988 ◽  
Vol 182 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeru Kuratani ◽  
Shigenori Tanaka ◽  
Yuji Ishikawa ◽  
Chosei Zukeran
Keyword(s):  
Chick Embryo ◽  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Early Development ◽  
Chorda Tympani

scholarly journals Memoirs: The Chorda Tympani and Middle Ear in Reptiles, Birds, and Mammals

1915 ◽  
Vol s2-61 (242) ◽  
pp. 137-160
Author(s):  
EDWIN S. GOODRICH
Keyword(s):  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Proximal Region ◽  
Geniculate Ganglion ◽  
Chorda Tympani ◽  
Tympanic Cavity ◽  
Gill Slit ◽  
Lower Region ◽  
Lower Jaw ◽  
Dorsal Edge

A comparison of the development of the various structures of the middle-ear region in the lizard, duck, and mammal, shows a remarkable uniformity in their origin and relation. The first gill-pouch separates off from the epidermis from below upwards; at its dorsal edge is an epiblastic proliferation contributing to the geniculate ganglion. The tympanum is formed between the outer epidermis and an outgrowing diverticulum of the hinder lower region of the first gill-pouch. The chorda tympani is a post-trematic branch of the facial nerve, developing behind the first or spiracular gill-slit, and passing down to the lower jaw between the tympanum and the closing spiracle. The relation of these parts to the skeleton and blood-vessels is (with the exception mentioned below) constant throughout the Amniota, and is only intelligible on the view of Reichert that the proximal region of the columella corresponds to the stapes, the quadrate to the incus, and the articular to the malleus. In the chick the chorda tympani develops as a pre-trematic branch of the facial nerve from its first appearance. In adult gallinaceous birds the chorda passes down directly from the geniculate ganglion in front of the tympanic cavity. This exceptional position is probably due to some secondary modification at present unexplained.

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