A weighted Euclidean distance method for rural settlements traffic location evaluation

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tongkun Wang ◽  
Zhenjie Chen ◽  
Dong Chen ◽  
Mingchao Jia
Keyword(s):  
Euclidean Distance ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Distance Method

scholarly journals Wi-Fi Backscatter System with Tag Sensors Using Multi-Antennas for Increased Data Rate and Reliability

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 1314
Author(s):  
Taeoh Kim ◽  
Hyobeen Park ◽  
Yunho Jung ◽  
Seongjoo Lee
Keyword(s):  
Computational Complexity ◽  
Euclidean Distance ◽  
Multiple Antennas ◽  
Power Level ◽  
Low Complexity ◽  
Data Rate ◽  
Threshold Method ◽  
Channel State ◽  
Distance Method ◽  
Ber Performance

In this paper, we propose tag sensor using multi-antennas in a Wi-Fi backscatter system, which results in an improved data rate or reliability of the signal transmitted from a tag sensor to a reader. The existing power level modulation method, which is proposed to improve data rate in a Wi-Fi backscatter system, has low reliability due to the reduced distance between symbols. To address this problem, we propose a Wi-Fi backscatter system that obtains channel diversity by applying multiple antennas. Two backscatter methods are described for improving the data rate or reliability in the proposed system. In addition, we propose three low complexity demodulation methods to address the high computational complexity problem caused by multiple antennas: (1) SET (subcarrier energy-based threshold) method, (2) TCST (tag’s channel state-based threshold) method, and (3) SED (similar Euclidean distance) method. In order to verify the performance of the proposed backscatter method and low complexity demodulation schemes, the 802.11 TGn (task group n) channel model was utilized in simulation. In this paper, the proposed tag sensor structure was compared with existing methods using only sub-channels with a large difference in received CSI (channel state information) values or adopting power-level modulation. The proposed scheme showed about 10 dB better bit error rate (BER) performance and throughput. Also, proposed low complexity demodulation schemes were similar in BER performance with a difference of up to 1 dB and the computational complexity was reduced by up to 60% compared to the existing Euclidean distance method.

scholarly journals The Variability and Evaluation Method of Recycled Concrete Aggregate Properties

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Zhiqing Zhang ◽  
Bozhao Shen ◽  
Hui Ren ◽  
Jin Wang ◽  
Shiyun Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Euclidean Distance ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Recycled Concrete ◽  
Concrete Aggregate ◽  
Distance Method ◽  
Euclidean Distances ◽  
Mean Variance ◽  
Property Index

With the same sources and regeneration techniques, given RA’s properties may display large variations. The same single property index of different sets maybe has a large difference of the whole property. How shall we accurately evaluate the whole property of RA? 8 groups of RAs from pavement and building were used to research the method of evaluating the holistic characteristics of RA. After testing and investigating, the parameters of aggregates were analyzed. The data of physical and mechanical properties show a distinct dispersion and instability; thus, it has been difficult to express the whole characteristics in any single property parameter. The Euclidean distance can express the similarity of samples. The closer the distance, the more similar the property. The standard variance of the whole property Euclidean distances for two types of RA is Sk=7.341 and Sk=2.208, respectively, which shows that the property of building RA has great fluctuation, while pavement RA is more stable. There are certain correlations among the apparent density, water absorption, and crushed value of RAs, and the Mahalanobis distance method can directly evaluate the whole property by using its parameters: mean, variance, and covariance, and it can provide a grade evaluation model for RAs.

Research on Method of Items Recognition Based on SURF Algorithm

2011 ◽  
Vol 121-126 ◽  
pp. 4630-4634
Author(s):  
Wen Yu Chen ◽  
Wen Zhi Xie ◽  
Yan Li Zhao ◽  
Zhong Bo Hao
Keyword(s):  
Euclidean Distance ◽  
Item Recognition ◽  
Image Features ◽  
Feature Points ◽  
Interest Points ◽  
Distance Method ◽  
Sift Algorithm ◽  
Fast Running ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Detection And Recognition

Items detection and recognition have become one of hotspots in the field of computer vision research. Based on image features method has the advantage of low amount of information, fast running speed, high precision, and SIFT algorithm is one of them. But traditional SIFI algorithm have large amount of calculation data and spend long time to compute in terms of items recognition. Therefore, this paper come up with a method of items recognition based on SURF. This article elaborates the basic principle of SURF algorithm that firstly use SURF algorithm to extract feature points of item image, secondly adopt Euclidean distance method to find corresponding interest points of image, and finally get the image after items recognition combination with mapping relation of item image using RANSAC(Random Sample Consesus). Experimental results show that the system of item recognition based on SURF algorithm have better effect on matching recognition, higher instantaneity, better robustness.

scholarly journals Convergence of daily mean coordinates of precise positioning methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 929 (1) ◽  
pp. 012014
Author(s):  
D V Kenigsberg ◽  
Yu M Salamatina ◽  
O A Prokhorov ◽  
S I Kuzikov
Keyword(s):  
Euclidean Distance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Local Reference Frame ◽  
Relative Precision ◽  
Distance Method ◽  
Local Reference ◽  
Euclidean Distances ◽  
Coordinates Transformation ◽  
Better Than

Abstract As part of the research of modern movements of the Earth’s crust, an analysis of 7 high-precision methods for calculating GNSS positions was carried out for the convergence of their daily mean coordinates. Based on Euclidean distances, regular and maximal discrepancies between coordinates of different methods are given. According to the coordinates in the ITRF, 5 methods are stood out with regular coordinate discrepancies <1 mm, and individual maximum discrepancies up to 30 mm. The other two methods have regular discrepancies in coordinates up to 2 cm, and the maximum differences reach 1 m. For a group of stations global coordinates transformation into a local reference frame leads to the effect of coordinate stabilization and increases their relative precision in the time series. As a result of such procedure, the level of maximum coordinate discrepancies between the methods decreased to 46%. Moreover, one of the methods of calculating coordinates has improved its convergence with the other methods by 80%. Based on the Euclidean distance method, the quality of the raw data for each station was evaluated. Thus, there is a group of 8 stations, for which the convergence of coordinates in different methods are approximately at the same level, and 2-3 times better than for the other 2 stations.

scholarly journals Euclidean distance: integrated criteria to study sheep behaviour under heat stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 10859
Author(s):  
Jorge O. SERRANO ◽  
Asiel VILLARES ◽  
Francisco D. MANUEL-MALAMBA ◽  
Jorge MARTÍNEZ-MELO ◽  
Carlos MAZORRA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Euclidean Distance ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Domestic Sheep ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
Distance Method ◽  
Income Stream ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Ideal

Livestock farming with sheep represents an important income stream. With climate change, domestic sheep are being exposed to heat stress which can have adverse effects on growth. Here, data regarding sheep behaviour in response to high temperature stress was analysed using the Euclidean distance method to integrate all variables into a single representative outcome that could summarize sheep behaviour. We studied the effects of two shepherding conditions either with or without the provision of shade. The number of animals eating grass, ruminating and resting either in the shade or directly in the sun were recorded over one year at two-week intervals. As the ideal behaviour (expert’s criteria), the following conditions were considered: maximum numbers of animals eating grass, ruminating and resting under shaded conditions were desirable; while the numbers of animals ruminating or resting under direct sunlight should be at a minimum. The statistical evaluation undertaken integrated these variables to identify the most significant effects of heat stress. Sheep spent most of the daylight hours engaged in eating and this activity was more intensive where shaded conditions were available. The Euclidean distance calculated for the group of animals maintained under shaded conditions was statistically lower (indicating better behaviour). Based on this, it is possible to accurately rank the treatments in terms of severity. The analysis indicates that the use of the Euclidean distance could be used to summarize a simplified outcome for observational data collected in behavioural studies in response to differing climatic conditions.

scholarly journals PRINTING DEFECT IDENTIFICATION IN PHARMACEUTICAL BLISTERS USING IMAGE PROCESSING

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Durga Karthik ◽  
Vijayarekha K ◽  
Arun Ar
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Euclidean Distance ◽  
Distance Method ◽  
Defect Identification ◽  
Pharmaceutical Tablets ◽  
Manufacturing Line ◽  
Manufacturing Location ◽  
Image Processing Algorithms ◽  
Processing Algorithms

 Objective: Our aim is to detect printing defects in pharmaceutical tablets from the manufacturing line using image processing techniques.Methods: The printed labels contain the details of the chemical composition, date of manufacture, date of expiry, manufacturing location, etc., images of the labels are obtained and processed using image processing algorithms to detect any defects on the labels before dispatch.Results: The printing defects on the labels such as missing letters, words, lines, and disorientation of alignments.Conclusion: Euclidean distance method was used for comparison that yielded 95% accuracy in removing tablets with printing defects.

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