Forecast of optical turbulence in marine surface layer using numerical weather prediction products

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youkuan Li ◽  
Fushan Dai
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Numerical Weather Prediction ◽  
Weather Prediction ◽  
Optical Turbulence ◽  
Numerical Weather ◽  
Marine Surface Layer ◽  
Marine Surface

scholarly journals An Assessment of Marine Surface Winds from the Australian Bureau of Meteorology Numerical Weather Prediction Systems

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 613-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric W. Schulz ◽  
Jeffrey D. Kepert ◽  
Diana J. M. Greenslade
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Weather Prediction ◽  
Weather Prediction ◽  
Australian Bureau ◽  
Limited Area ◽  
Surface Winds ◽  
Numerical Weather ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Marine Surface Layer ◽  
Marine Surface ◽  
Prediction Systems

Abstract A method for routinely verifying numerical weather prediction surface marine winds with satellite scatterometer winds is introduced. The marine surface winds from the Australian Bureau of Meteorology’s operational global and regional numerical weather prediction systems are evaluated. The model marine surface layer is described. Marine surface winds from the global and limited-area models are compared with observations, both in situ (anemometer) and remote (scatterometer). A 2-yr verification shows that wind speeds from the regional model are typically underestimated by approximately 5%, with a greater bias in the meridional direction than the zonal direction. The global model also underestimates the surface winds by around 5%–10%. A case study of a significant marine storm shows that where larger errors occur, they are due to an underestimation of the storm intensity, rather than to biases in the boundary layer parameterizations.

Toward the Assimilation of the Atmospheric Surface Layer Using Numerical Weather Prediction and Radar Clutter Observations

2013 ◽  
Vol 52 (10) ◽  
pp. 2345-2355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Karimian ◽  
Caglar Yardim ◽  
Tracy Haack ◽  
Peter Gerstoft ◽  
William S. Hodgkiss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Numerical Weather Prediction ◽  
Atmospheric Surface Layer ◽  
Weather Prediction ◽  
Propagation Model ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Radar Clutter ◽  
Numerical Weather ◽  
Evaporation Duct

AbstractRadio wave propagation on low-altitude paths over the ocean above 2 GHz is significantly affected by negative refractivity gradients in the atmospheric surface layer, which form what is often referred to as an evaporation duct (ED). Refractivity from clutter (RFC) is an inversion approach for the estimation of the refractivity profile from radar clutter, and RFC-ED refers to its implementation for the case of evaporation ducts. An approach for fusing RFC-ED output with evaporation duct characterization that is based on ensemble forecasts from a numerical weather prediction (NWP) model is examined here. Three conditions of air–sea temperature difference (ASTD) are examined. Synthetic radar clutter observations are generated using the Advanced Propagation Model. The impacts of ASTD on the evaporation duct refractivity profile, atmospheric parameter inversion, and propagation factor distributions are studied. Relative humidity at a reference height and ASTD are identified as state variables. Probability densities from NWP ensembles, RFC-ED, and joint inversions are compared. It is demonstrated that characterization of the near-surface atmosphere by combining RFC-ED and NWP reduces the estimation uncertainty of ASTD and relative humidity in an evaporation duct, with respect to using either method alone.

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