Spatial resolved diffuse reflection as a tool for determination of size and embedding depth of blood vessels

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander V. Bykov ◽  
Alexander V. Priezzhev ◽  
Risto Myllyla
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Diffuse Reflection

A ‘Hyaline’ Layer in the Skin of Squids

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 1247-1250 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.J. Madan ◽  
M.J. Wells
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Amorphous Material ◽  
Thick Layer ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Potential Importance ◽  
Nervous Control ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Brain

The skin of Loligo vulgaris and Illex illecebrosus contains a thick layer of amorphous material. In Loligo it lies above and in Illex below the chromatophore layer. We can find no mention of this layer in the considerable literature on squid skins despite its potential importance as a protection to underlying tissues and as a possible barrier to cutaneous oxygen uptake.Cephalopods have soft complicated skins. Embedded in the skin, most species have chromatophores, small bags of pigment that can be expanded by muscles that are under direct nervous control from the brain. There is an extensive literature on the physiology of chromatophores (Packard, 1988) and on their function in the behaviour of the animals (Hanlon & Messenger, 1996; Packard & Hochberg, 1977). Further cutaneous structures concerned in the determination of the colour of living cephalopods, the reflecting iridophores and leucophores (Cloney & Brocco, 1983), and the light generating photophores (Herring, 1988), have been the subject of a number of reports but other skin features such as the distribution of blood vessels have attracted little attention.

A comparative study of histogram-based thresholding methods for the determination of cell-free layer width in small blood vessels

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (9) ◽  
pp. N61-N70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bumseok Namgung ◽  
Peng Kai Ong ◽  
Yun Hui Wong ◽  
Dohyung Lim ◽  
Keyoung Jin Chun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Free Layer ◽  
Layer Width ◽  
Cell Free Layer

Denitrification of water using ZnO/Cu as the photocatalyst

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehasn Rahmani ◽  
Mohammad Rahmani
Keyword(s):  
Diffuse Reflection ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Diffuse Reflection Spectroscopy ◽  
Reflection Spectroscopy ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Spectroscopy Analysis ◽  
Wet Impregnation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Nanoparticle Morphology

Abstract The ZnO:xCu photocatalyst was prepared with reacting media, namely, water method followed by wet impregnation to deposit Cu on the ZnO nano particles. X-ray diffraction was used to perform crystallography and the determination of the ZnO:xCu particle size. Fourier transform infrared was employed for the detection of chemical bonds in the synthesized photocatalyst. The nanoparticle morphology was studied by field emission scanning electron microscope. The elemental composition of the synthesized catalysts was evaluated with X-ray fluorescence technique. Diffuse reflection spectroscopy analysis was performed to investigate the light absorption of the ZnO:xCu catalysts. The photocatalytic activity of the prepared ZnO:xCu nanoparticles was studied for the removal of nitrate from the aqueous solution of ammonium nitrate (50 mg·l−1) under UV irradiation. Results indicated that the ZnO:xCu photocatalyst has high photocalytic activity to remove nitrate from water. Moreover, complete degradation was achieved after 2.5 h.

Determination of fat content in goat milk using annular photoelectric sensor system

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingyue Zhu ◽  
Zhimin Zhao ◽  
Wenjie Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Diffuse Reflection ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Optical Parameter ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Sensor System ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Photoelectric Sensor ◽  
High Prediction

In this paper, a new method for quantitative determination of fat content in goat milk at room temperature (25°C), based on the annular photoelectric sensor system, has been developed. The measurement system consists of an annular photoelectric sensor, thermoelectric cooler (TEC), amplifier, A/D converter, microprocessor and other components. Based on Mie theory, the diffuse reflection light intensity is adopted as the optical parameter representing the fat content in goat milk. In this way, the standard model of the system can be established and loaded into the processor to realize data acquisition, processing and output. The proposed method has been tested on goat milk samples with variable fat content in the prediction experiment. The results show that the fitting equation is y=−0.366 x+0.295 ( R2=0.987) and measurement errors are within ±3%, which indicates that the presented method has high prediction performance and can measure the fat content in goat milk accurately and in real time.

scholarly journals CASE OF PAROXYSMAL HYPERTENSION IN PATIENTS WITH HYPOTHYROIDISM

2016 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
N. A. Kravchun ◽  
O. V. Zemlianitsyna ◽  
L. G. Polozova ◽  
L. G. Polozova ◽  
O. D. Kurilo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Renal Hypertension ◽  
Endocrine Disorders ◽  
Adequate Therapy ◽  
Paroxysmal Hypertension

It was presented clinical case shows that hypertension syndrome in patients with endocrine pathology, may be due not only to endocrine disorders. Be aware of the genesis of renal hypertension and include study levels of renin, aldosterone and aldosterone-renin ratio (ARR) into a plan for evaluation of patients with hypertension. Determination of renin and ARR was enough informative and allowed to suspect, and subsequently to identify the abnomality of kidney blood vessels, contributing to the appointment of adequate therapy

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