Labeling the pulmonary arterial tree in CT images for automatic quantification of pulmonary embolism

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph J. M. Peters ◽  
Henk A. Marquering ◽  
Halil Doğan ◽  
Emile A. Hendriks ◽  
Albert de Roos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
Arterial Tree ◽  
Automatic Quantification ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial

scholarly journals Semiautomated skeletonization of the pulmonary arterial tree in micro-CT images

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher C. Hanger ◽  
Steven T. Haworth ◽  
Robert C. Molthen ◽  
Christopher A. Dawson
Keyword(s):  
Ct Images ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Arterial Tree ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial

scholarly journals Computer Assisted System for Detecting Pulmonary Embolism in Lungs

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 89-94
Author(s):  
Dr. M. Sucharitha ◽  
◽  
Dr. P.H.V. Sesha Talpa Sai ◽  
Ms. M. L. R. Chaitanya Lahari ◽  
Ms. P. Haseena Bee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Blood Clot ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Arterial Tree ◽  
Life Threatening Illness ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Ct ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial

A pulmonary embolism (PE) occurs when a blood artery in the lungs becomes suddenly blocked, generally owing to a blood clot. PE is a frequent life-threatening illness that should be diagnosed as soon as possible. A novel approach for automatically detecting PE in contrast-enhanced CT images is suggested in this research. To identify PE, computerized tomography (CT) is the main test to capture images. It is quick test, incursive with good quality images, enhanced contrast and multi-sliced images can be obtained. Candidate identification, feature calculation, and classification are all part of the system. The major aims of candidate detection are to include PE with even entire occlusions and to eliminate erroneous diagnosis of tissue and parenchymal disorders. When calculating characteristics, the location and structure of the pulmonary vascular tree, as well as the severity, form, and size of an embolus, are all taken into consideration. The ability of the CAD tool to identify emboli in the sectional and sub sectional pulmonary Arterial Tree (PAT) was examined.

Asymptomatic Pulmonary Embolism after Ablation

Cardiology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 134 (4) ◽  
pp. 426-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gamze Babur Guler ◽  
Mehmet Mustafa Can ◽  
Ekrem Guler ◽  
Tugba Akinci ◽  
Ozlem Sogukpinar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Sudden Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Right Atrial ◽  
Arterial Tree ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
History Of ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
N 93 ◽  
Ischemic Attack

Background: Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a life-threatening event with a broad presentation spectrum ranging from asymptomatic cases to sudden cardiac arrest. It is unclear if right atrial emboli cause PE in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) or if mild PE itself increases right cardiac pressure provoking AF. Objective: To determine the incidence and predictors of asymptomatic PE in patients undergoing AF ablation. Method and Results: Patients (n = 93) were screened and those with previous or current symptomatic PE or venous thromboembolism, pulmonary hypertension, increased right heart pressures detected on echocardiography, a history of stroke, transient ischemic attack, coagulopathy or cancer and inappropriate contrast for the evaluation of pulmonary arterial tree were excluded. The remaining AF patients (n = 71) underwent guided ablation controlled with 3-dimensional, left atrial and pulmonary venous computed tomography. The asymptomatic PE was defined by using the modified Miller score by 2 independent assessors in 6 patients. Univariate logistic regression showed that age (OR: 1.094, 95% CI 1.007-1.188, p = 0.033), diabetes (OR: 12.000, 95% CI 1.902-75.716, p = 0.008), CHA2DS2-VASc score (OR: 2.800, 95% CI 1.304-6.013, p = 0.008), and pulmonary artery diameter (OR: 1.221, 95% CI 1.033-1.444, p = 0.019) were significantly associated with PE. However, multivariate analysis revealed that the CHA2DS2-VASc score (p = 0.047) remained the exclusive significant predictor for asymptomatic PE. Conclusion: The incidence of random asymptomatic PE in AF patients is high (>8%). The CHA2DS2-VASc score can predict silent PE. Since patients with a high CHA2DS2-VASc score are already anticoagulated, our results do not change clinical practice but are noteworthy in terms of the cause-effect relationship between AF and PE.

Three-dimensional CT angiography of anatomic variations in the pulmonary arterial tree

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Fourdrain ◽  
Florence De Dominicis ◽  
Chloé Blanchard ◽  
Jules Iquille ◽  
Sophie Lafitte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ct Angiography ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Anatomic Variations ◽  
Arterial Tree ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial

Pulmonary arterial hypertension and acute and chronic thromboembolism

ESC CardioMed ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 406-409
Author(s):  
Thomas Henzler
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Right Ventricular Dysfunction ◽  
Chronic Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and acute and chronic pulmonary embolism represent severe cardiovascular diseases with a high mortality if left undiagnosed and untreated. Computed tomography of the chest plays a pivotal role in the diagnosis of all three disorders. In acute pulmonary embolism, computed tomography pulmonary angiography has become the gold-standard imaging modality due to its high diagnostic accuracy, cost-effectiveness, 24-hour availability at most institutions, as well as the ability to diagnose alternative chest pathologies and right ventricular dysfunction within a single examination. In PAH, computed tomography of the chest is also deeply embedded within the diagnostic algorithm in order to exclude other causes of pulmonary hypertension, such as structural lung disease and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension of left heart disease. This article intends to provide a short overview on imaging techniques and characteristic findings in PAH, as well as acute and chronic pulmonary embolism.

Impact of parallel heterogeneity on a continuum model of the pulmonary arterial tree

1994 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 660-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. Krenz ◽  
J. Lin ◽  
C. A. Dawson ◽  
J. H. Linehan
Keyword(s):  
Continuum Model ◽  
Vessel Diameter ◽  
Arterial Tree ◽  
Vascular Volume ◽  
Homogeneous Trees ◽  
Number Ratio ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
Beta 2 ◽  
Ordered Tree ◽  
Intravascular Pressure

Model arterial trees were constructed following rules consistent with morphometric data, Nj = (Dj/Da)-beta 1 and Lj = La(Dj/Da)beta 2, where Nj, Dj, and Lj are number, diameter, and length, respectively, of vessels in the jth level; Da and La are diameter and length, respectively, of the inlet artery, and -beta 1 and beta 2 are power law slopes relating vessel number and length, respectively, to vessel diameter. Simulated heterogeneous trees approximating these rules were constructed by assigning vessel diameters Dm = Da[2/(m + 1)]1/beta 1, such that m-1 vessels were larger than Dm (vessel length proportional to diameter). Vessels were connected, forming random bifurcating trees. Longitudinal intravascular pressure [P(Qcum)] with respect to cumulative vascular volume [Qcum] was computed for Poiseuille flow. Strahler-ordered tree morphometry yielded estimates of La, Da, beta 1, beta 2, and mean number ratio (B); B is defined by Nk + 1 = Bk, where k is total number of Strahler orders minus Strahler order number. The parameters were used in P(Qcum) = Pa [formula: see text] and the resulting P(Qcum) relationship was compared with that of the simulated tree, where Pa is total arterial pressure drop, Q is flow rate, Ra = (128 microLa)/(pi D4a (where mu is blood viscosity), and Qa (volume of inlet artery) = 1/4D2a pi La. Results indicate that the equation, originally developed for homogeneous trees (J. Appl. Physiol. 72: 2225–2237, 1992), provides a good approximation to the heterogeneous tree P(Qcum).

scholarly journals Structure-function relationships in the pulmonary arterial tree

1999 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 569-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher A. Dawson ◽  
Gary S. Krenz ◽  
Kelly L. Karau ◽  
Steven T. Haworth ◽  
Christopher C. Hanger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Pressure Profile ◽  
Vessel Diameter ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Morphometric Data ◽  
Arterial Tree ◽  
Pulmonary Hemodynamics ◽  
Pressure Flow ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
And Function

Knowledge of the relationship between structure and function of the normal pulmonary arterial tree is necessary for understanding normal pulmonary hemodynamics and the functional consequences of the vascular remodeling that accompanies pulmonary vascular diseases. In an effort to provide a means for relating the measurable vascular geometry and vessel mechanics data to the mean pressure-flow relationship and longitudinal pressure profile, we present a mathematical model of the pulmonary arterial tree. The model is based on the observation that the normal pulmonary arterial tree is a bifurcating tree in which the parent-to-daughter diameter ratios at a bifurcation and vessel distensibility are independent of vessel diameter, and although the actual arterial tree is quite heterogeneous, the diameter of each route, through which the blood flows, tapers from the arterial inlet to essentially the same terminal arteriolar diameter. In the model the average route is represented as a tapered tube through which the blood flow decreases with distance from the inlet because of the diversion of flow at the many bifurcations along the route. The taper and flow diversion are expressed in terms of morphometric parameters obtained using various methods for summarizing morphometric data. To help put the model parameter values in perspective, we applied one such method to morphometric data obtained from perfused dog lungs. Model simulations demonstrate the sensitivity of model pressure-flow relationships to variations in the morphometric parameters. Comparisons of simulations with experimental data also raise questions as to the “hemodynamically” appropriate ways to summarize morphometric data.

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