scholarly journals Interstitial photodynamic therapy for primary prostate cancer incorporating real-time treatment dosimetry

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Johansson ◽  
Johan Axelsson ◽  
Johannes Swartling ◽  
Thomas Johansson ◽  
Sara Pålsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Time Treatment ◽  
Primary Prostate Cancer ◽  
Interstitial Photodynamic Therapy

scholarly journals Somatic Mitochondrial DNA Point Mutations Used as Biomarkers to Demonstrate Genomic Heterogeneity in Primary Prostate Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Christian Arstad ◽  
Kristin Taskén ◽  
Paulo Refinetti ◽  
Ulrika Axcrona ◽  
Karl-Erik Giercksky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Laser Capture Microdissection ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Copy Number ◽  
Point Mutations ◽  
Primary Prostate Cancer ◽  
Grade Groups ◽  
Laser Capture

Primary prostate tumor heterogeneity is poorly understood, leaving research efforts with challenges regarding the initiation and advancement of the disease. The growth of tumor cells is accompanied by mutations in nuclear and in mitochondrial genomes. Thus, mitochondrial DNA mutations may be used as tumor cell markers. By the use of laser capture microdissection coupled with assays for mitochondrial point mutation detection, mtDNA mutations were used to trace mutated cells at a histological level. Point mutations in mtDNA were determined in 12 primary prostate cancers. The tumors represent different pathology-prognostic grade groups. Known mutational hotspots of the mtDNA were scanned for heteroplasmy. All specimens with mtDNA heteroplasmy were subsequently subsampled by laser capture microdissection. From a total number of 1728 microsamples, mitochondrial DNA target sequences were amplified and base substitutions detected by cycling temperature capillary electrophoresis. Real-time PCR was used as a quantitative assay to determine the relative mtDNA copy number of 12 tumors studied, represented by two samples from each (N = 24); a high degree (75%) demonstrated tumor specimen heterogeneity. A grid of 96 spots isolated by laser capture microdissection demonstrated interfocal sample heterogeneity and increased the limit of detection. The spots demonstrated a wide range of mutant fractions from 0 to 100% mutant copies. The mitochondrial DNA copy number in the samples was determined by real-time PCR. No correlation between copy number and pathology-prognostic grade groups was observed. Somatic mitochondrial DNA point mutations represent traceable biomarkers demonstrating heterogeneity in primary prostate cancer. Mutations can be detected in areas before changes in tissue histopathology are evident to the pathologist.

scholarly journals System for interstitial photodynamic therapy with online dosimetry: first clinical experiences of prostate cancer

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 058003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Swartling ◽  
Johan Axelsson ◽  
Göran Ahlgren ◽  
Karl Mikael Kälkner ◽  
Sten Nilsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Clinical Experiences ◽  
Interstitial Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Online Dosimetry

Treatment planning and dose analysis for interstitial photodynamic therapy of prostate cancer

2009 ◽  
Vol 54 (8) ◽  
pp. 2293-2313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean R H Davidson ◽  
Robert A Weersink ◽  
Masoom A Haider ◽  
Mark R Gertner ◽  
Arjen Bogaards ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Treatment Planning ◽  
Interstitial Photodynamic Therapy

Beyond IGRT: Daily real time planning (RTP)—Treatment of prostate cancer, clinical implementation, and technique.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (6_suppl) ◽  
pp. 191-191
Author(s):  
James Robert Wong ◽  
Scott Andrew Merrick ◽  
Mona Karim ◽  
Yana P. Goldberg ◽  
Jeff Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Treatment Planning ◽  
Extreme Case ◽  
Clinical Implementation ◽  
Time Treatment ◽  
Rectal Dose ◽  
Planning Methods ◽  
Prostate Cancers ◽  
Prostate Cancer Treatments

191 Background: Image guided radiation therapy (IGRT) corrects for the interfractional movements of the target/CTV. However, the anatomic changes of CTV, and movements of the adjacent organs, are not accounted for. By modifying an online adaptive radiation technique proposed by Li, we have clinically deployed a daily “real-time treatment planning” (RTP) technique for treatment of primary prostate cancers. The technique, rationale and experience of our first 60 RTP treatments are presented. To our knowledge, this is the first clinical implementation of daily treatment planning. Methods: The RTP process is as follows: a) daily CT images are acquired via an in-room diagnostic CT-on-Rails; b) while IGRT evaluation is performed, new target and tissue contours (prostate, rectum and bladder) are drawn, c) new IMRT plan is computed (RTP plan); d) IGRT plan is compared to the RTP plan; e) if RTP plan is dosimetric superior, it will be delivered after f) necessary QA process. This entire process takes less than 20 minutes (excluding IMRT delivery). 60 RTP’s were delivered (10 daily RTP/patient) in 6 consecutive patients. Results: Auto-contouring via auto-segmentation was inadequate when compared to manual anatomic re-contouring. The RTP plan is always superior to or equal to the original IGRT plan. In 20% of the cases, the CTV-DVH by RTP improved by >10%. Slight changes in manual contouring variation can lead to significant change in volume variation. For example, with initial prostate volumes of 15, 20, 30, 40 and 50 cc, a 1 mm increase in contour variation results in an increase volume of 26%, 24%, 21%,19% and 17% respectively, and absolute volume increase of 3.9cc, 4.8cc, 6.2cc, 7.4cc and 8.6cc respectively. Rectal dose improved significantly with RTP when compared to IGRT. In one extreme case, the rectal dose improvement is shown (Table). Conclusions: Daily RTP is feasible for prostate cancer treatments and is superior to IGRT. RTP is especially necessary with extreme anatomic changes. [Table: see text]

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