Analysis of dynamic foot pressure distribution and ground reaction forces

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. R. Ong ◽  
T. S. Wong
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Distribution ◽  
Ground Reaction Forces ◽  
Foot Pressure ◽  
Reaction Forces

scholarly journals Foot Insole Pressure Distribution during the Golf Swing in Professionals and Amateur Players

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 358
Author(s):  
Enrique Navarro ◽  
José M. Mancebo ◽  
Sima Farazi ◽  
Malena del Olmo ◽  
David Luengo
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Pressure Distribution ◽  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Golf Swing ◽  
Foot Pressure ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Reaction Forces ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Weight Transfer

There are numerous articles that study the ground reaction forces during the golf swing, among which only a few analyze the pressure pattern distributed on the entire surface of the foot. The current study compares the pressure patterns on the foot insoles of fifty-five golfers, from three different performance levels, playing swings with driver and 5-iron clubs in the driving range. Five swings were selected for each club. During each swing, ultra-thin insole sensors (4 sensors/cm^2) measure foot pressure at the frequency of 100 Hz. To perform statistical analysis, insole sensors are clustered to form seven areas, with the normalized pressure of each area being our dependent variable. A video camera was used to label the five key instants of the swing. Statistical analysis demonstrates a significant difference between the pressure distribution pattern of the left and right feet for both driver and 5-iron. However, the pressure distribution pattern remains almost the same when switching the club type from 5-iron to driver. We have also observed that there are significant differences between the pattern of professionals and players with medium and high handicap. The obtained pattern agrees with the principle of weight transfer with a different behavior between the medial and lateral areas of the foot.

scholarly journals Distinct Ground Reaction Forces in Gait between the Paretic and Non-Paretic Leg of Stroke Patients: A Paradigm for Innovative Physiotherapy Intervention

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1542
Author(s):  
Zoe Mass Kokolevich ◽  
Erik Biros ◽  
Oren Tirosh ◽  
Jacqueline Elise Reznik
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Stance Phase ◽  
Ground Reaction Forces ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Physiotherapy Treatment ◽  
Foot Pressure ◽  
Gait Patterns ◽  
Physiotherapy Intervention ◽  
Gait Parameters ◽  
Reaction Forces

This case report study aims to identify the differences in the ground reaction forces (GRF) placed on the forefoot, hindfoot, and entire foot between the paretic and non-paretic legs in two stroke patients to identify potential targets for improved physiotherapy treatment. A digital gait analysis foot pressure insole was fitted inside the participants’ shoes to measure the percentage of body weight taken during the stance phase, and the vertical GRF of the two subjects are reported in this paper. Both patients presented noteworthy differences in gait parameters individually and between their paretic and non-paretic legs. The trend shows a decreased percentage of body weight on the paretic forefoot and hindfoot, although the percentage bodyweight placed on the entire foot remained similar in both feet. The gait patterns shown were highly individual and indicated that both legs were affected to some degree. These findings identify key motion targets for an improved physiotherapy treatment following a stroke, suggesting that physiotherapy treatment should be targeted and individually tailored and should include both extremities.

Rearfoot Motion and Pressure Distribution Patterns during Running in Shoes with Varus and Valgus Wedges

1995 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas L. Milani ◽  
Gerrit Schnabel ◽  
Ewald M. Hennig
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Distribution ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Metatarsal Head ◽  
Distribution Data ◽  
Ground Reaction Forces ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
First Ray ◽  
Reaction Forces ◽  
Rearfoot Motion ◽  
Male Subjects

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of 8° varus and vaigus shoe modifications on the foot mechanics in overground running. Twenty male subjects performed eight rearfoot running trials in three shoe conditions. Ground reaction forces, tibial accelerations, rearfoot motion, and in-shoe pressure distribution data were collected simultaneously. Between footwear conditions, force and acceleration parameters were found to be significantly different. Compared to the neutral shoe, maximum pronation and pronation velocity were reduced for the varus and increased for the vaigus shoes. Higher lateral rearfoot loads and an increased contribution of the first ray in the forefoot could be evaluated for the vaigus shoe. In contrast, a larger contribution of the medial midfoot and the fifth metatarsal head was observed for the varus shoe. The relative load analysis from the pressure distribution measurements provided additional information about the behavior of the foot in response to major changes in shoe construction.

scholarly journals Effects of Artificial Texture Insoles and Foot Arches on Improving Arch Collapse in Flat Feet

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (13) ◽  
pp. 3667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao-Te Wang ◽  
Jong-Chen Chen ◽  
Ying-Sheng Lin
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Distribution ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Foot Pressure ◽  
Flat Foot ◽  
Pressure Sensing ◽  
Plantar Pressure Distribution ◽  
Flat Feet ◽  
Reaction Forces ◽  
Arch Index ◽  
The Impact

The arches of the foot play a vital role in cushioning the impact and pressure generated from ground reaction forces due to body weight. Owing to a lack of normal human arch structure, people diagnosed as having flat feet often have discomfort in the soles of their feet. The results may not only cause inappropriate foot pressure distribution on the sole but also further cause foot injuries. This study heavily relies on a homemade foot pressure sensing device equipped with textured insoles of different heights and artificial arches. This was to explore the extent to which the pressure distribution of the foot in people with flat feet could be improved. A further comparison was made of the effects of using the textured insoles with different heights on two different groups of people diagnosed with flat and normal feet respectively. Sixty-five undergraduate and postgraduate volunteers were invited to receive the ink footprint test for measuring their degrees of arch index. Nine of these 65 had 2 flat feet, 3 had a left flat foot, 5 had a right flat foot, and 48 had 2 normal feet. To ensure the same number of subjects in both the control and the experimental groups, 9 of the 48 subjects who had normal feet were randomly selected. In total, 26 subjects (Male: 25, Female: 1; Age: 22 ± 1 years; height: 173.6 ± 2.5 cm; body mass: 68.3 ± 5.4 kg; BMI: 22.6 ± 1.2) were invited to participate in this foot pressure sensing insoles study. The experimental results showed that the use of textured insoles designed with different heights could not effectively improve the plantar pressure distribution and body stability in subjects with flat feet. Conversely, the use of an artificial arch effectively improved the excessive peak in pressure and poor body stability, and alleviated the problem of plantar collapse for patients with flat feet, especially in the inner part of their hallux and forefoot.

scholarly journals Ground reaction forces and plantar pressure distribution during occasional loaded gait

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 503-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Castro ◽  
Sofia Abreu ◽  
Helena Sousa ◽  
Leandro Machado ◽  
Rubim Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Distribution ◽  
Plantar Pressure ◽  
Ground Reaction Forces ◽  
Plantar Pressure Distribution ◽  
Reaction Forces

scholarly journals Running ground reaction forces across footwear conditions are predicted from the motion of two body mass components

2019 ◽  
Vol 126 (5) ◽  
pp. 1315-1325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew B. Udofa ◽  
Kenneth P. Clark ◽  
Laurence J. Ryan ◽  
Peter G. Weyand
Keyword(s):  
Ground Reaction Force ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Reaction Force ◽  
Ground Reaction Forces ◽  
Vertical Ground Reaction Force ◽  
Time Patterns ◽  
Foot Strike ◽  
Reaction Forces ◽  
Vertical Ground ◽  
Force Time

Although running shoes alter foot-ground reaction forces, particularly during impact, how they do so is incompletely understood. Here, we hypothesized that footwear effects on running ground reaction force-time patterns can be accurately predicted from the motion of two components of the body’s mass (mb): the contacting lower-limb (m1 = 0.08mb) and the remainder (m2 = 0.92mb). Simultaneous motion and vertical ground reaction force-time data were acquired at 1,000 Hz from eight uninstructed subjects running on a force-instrumented treadmill at 4.0 and 7.0 m/s under four footwear conditions: barefoot, minimal sole, thin sole, and thick sole. Vertical ground reaction force-time patterns were generated from the two-mass model using body mass and footfall-specific measures of contact time, aerial time, and lower-limb impact deceleration. Model force-time patterns generated using the empirical inputs acquired for each footfall matched the measured patterns closely across the four footwear conditions at both protocol speeds ( r2 = 0.96 ± 0.004; root mean squared error  = 0.17 ± 0.01 body-weight units; n = 275 total footfalls). Foot landing angles (θF) were inversely related to footwear thickness; more positive or plantar-flexed landing angles coincided with longer-impact durations and force-time patterns lacking distinct rising-edge force peaks. Our results support three conclusions: 1) running ground reaction force-time patterns across footwear conditions can be accurately predicted using our two-mass, two-impulse model, 2) impact forces, regardless of foot strike mechanics, can be accurately quantified from lower-limb motion and a fixed anatomical mass (0.08mb), and 3) runners maintain similar loading rates (ΔFvertical/Δtime) across footwear conditions by altering foot strike angle to regulate the duration of impact. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Here, we validate a two-mass, two-impulse model of running vertical ground reaction forces across four footwear thickness conditions (barefoot, minimal, thin, thick). Our model allows the impact portion of the impulse to be extracted from measured total ground reaction force-time patterns using motion data from the ankle. The gait adjustments observed across footwear conditions revealed that runners maintained similar loading rates across footwear conditions by altering foot strike angles to regulate the duration of impact.

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