Influence of water flow on pipe inspection

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rais Ahmad ◽  
Sourav Banerjee ◽  
Tribikram Kundu
Keyword(s):  
Water Flow ◽  
Pipe Inspection ◽  
Influence Of Water

The Influence of water flow rate on Pumping Rate in Mytilus Edulis using a Refined Direct Measurement Apparatus

1976 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. I. Hildreth
Keyword(s):  
Water Flow ◽  
Direct Measurement ◽  
Water Flow Rate ◽  
Mantle Cavity ◽  
Water Current ◽  
Ciliary Activity ◽  
Pumping Rate ◽  
Influence Of Water ◽  
Food Particles ◽  
Flow Through

INTRODUCTIONWork on pumping and filtration rates of bivalve molluscs was initially concerned with the physiological concept of pumping water through the mantle cavity. Comprehensive reviews are given by Winter (1970) and Ali (1971). The methods are of two kinds; direct, in which the flow of exhaled water itself is measured, and indirect, in which the rate of clearance of food particles is used to calculate water flow through the gills.There is a disadvantage in the indirect method when used to calculate volumes of water pumped because it involves the assumption that a fixed percentage (often 100% with large particles) of the particulate matter passing through the gill system is retained. Pumping rate is thus estimated as a function of the particle collecting properties of the latero-frontal cirri, whereas the water current is produced by the lateral cilia. Although the structure of the latero-frontal cirri is now well documented (Moore, 1971), their efficiency in particle retention can alter under certain conditions (Dral, 1967). There is need, therefore, for direct measurement of the quantity of water pumped. Recent advances in the understanding of branchial innervation and the control of lateral ciliary activity also reinforce this point (Aiello, 1960, 1962, 1970; Paparo, 1972, 1973).The constant level chamber for direct measurement of pumping rate was devised by Galtsoff (1926), to ensure that separation of the exhalant water current from the bivalve was not interfered with by pressure differences produced by the process of separation. The apparatus has been used in various forms by Galtsoff (1926, 1928, 1946), Nelson (1935, 1936), Collier & Ray (1948), Loosanoff & Engle (1947), Loosanoff & Nomejko (1946) and more recently by Drinnan (1964) and Davids (1964).

Influence of Water Flow on the Stability of Geosynthetic-Soil Layered Systems on Slopes

1995 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 1149-1180 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.P. Giroud ◽  
R.C. Bachus ◽  
R. Bonaparte
Keyword(s):  
Water Flow ◽  
Layered Systems ◽  
Influence Of Water ◽  
The Stability

Influence of Water Exchange in Tide and Wave for Large Harbor with One Entrance

2013 ◽  
Vol 405-408 ◽  
pp. 1411-1414
Author(s):  
Jie He ◽  
Wen Jie Xin
Keyword(s):  
Point Source ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Tidal Current ◽  
Water Exchange ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Zhejiang Province ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Influence Of Water ◽  
The Waves ◽  
Exchange Flux

For the large coastal harbor with one entrance attacked badly from the waves and sands from the sea, it is advantaged to break waves and produce sands, but not advantaged for the water exchange flux, especially when a point source appearing inside the harbor, the polluted water is difficult to flow into the sea in time and be diluted by the water from outside. The water flow in estuary presents the character of to-and-fro flow, and the polluted source will flow into harbor with the flood tide and pollute the harbor secondly, although it has been outside the harbor at least with the ebb tide. For the harbor with one entrance against waves, the polluted source will be more difficult to be transported to the outside when waves coming, and the water environment capacitance will decline rapidly for the polluted water not to be absorbed. It is Taizhou Wenling harbor for example in Zhejiang province, and the movement of water particle is simulated in tidal current and wave to describe the movement of the point source transported not diffused. The rusults show that the capacity of water exchange for the large harbor wih one entrance will be declined in both tidal current and wave.

Influence of water flow on gas hydrate accumulation at cold vents

2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 568-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
YunCheng Cao ◽  
Zheng Su ◽  
DuoFu Chen
Keyword(s):  
Water Flow ◽  
Gas Hydrate ◽  
Influence Of Water

Influence of Water Speed on Tadpoles of Ranidella signifera and R. riparia (Anura:Leptodactylidae)

1980 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 79 ◽  
Author(s):  
FJ Odendaal ◽  
CM Bull
Keyword(s):  
Water Flow ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Breeding Habitat ◽  
Water Current ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Flinders Ranges ◽  
Species Overlap ◽  
Influence Of Water ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Water Speed

Ranidella riparia is restricted to the Flinders Ranges of South Australia. and has a distribution largely allopatric to that of the morphologically similar species, R. signifera. The distributions of these two species overlap in the lower Flinders Ranges. In an experimental water flow, tadpoles of R. riparia were less often moved by the water current than those of R. signifera, and the difference increased with increasing water speed. In the Flinders Ranges most of the breeding habitat for frogs is in fast flowing creeks. The likelihood that tadpoles of R. signifera would be swept away in these creeks may be a factor restricting its distribution in this area.

Influence of Water Flow on In Situ Rates of Bacterial Fe(II) Oxidation

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brock A. Edwards ◽  
F. Grant Ferris
Keyword(s):  
Water Flow ◽  
Influence Of Water
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