Influence of leaf water status on leaf area index and leaf nitrogen concentration inversion of wheat canopy

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunjiang Zhao ◽  
Jihua Wang ◽  
Wenjiang Huang ◽  
Liangyun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Leaf Nitrogen ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Leaf Water Status ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Leaf Nitrogen Concentration

scholarly journals Grazing winter wheat relieves plant water stress and transiently enhances photosynthesis

2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
pp. 726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew T. Harrison ◽  
Walter M. Kelman ◽  
Andrew D. Moore ◽  
John R. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Plant Water ◽  
Rubisco Activity ◽  
Leaf Water Status ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Plant Water Stress ◽  
The Impact

To model the impact of grazing on the growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), we measured photosynthesis in the field. Grazing may affect photosynthesis as a consequence of changes to leaf water status, nitrogen content per unit leaf area (Na) or photosynthetic enzyme activity. While light-saturated CO2 assimilation rates (Asat) of field-grown wheat were unchanged during grazing, Asat transiently increased by 33–68% compared with ungrazed leaves over a 2- to 4-week period after grazing ended. Grazing reduced leaf mass per unit area, increased stomatal conductance and increased intercellular CO2 concentrations (Ci) by 36–38%, 88–169% and 17–20%, respectively. Grazing did not alter Na. Using a photosynthesis model, we demonstrated that the increase in Asat after grazing required an increase in Rubisco activity of up to 53%, whereas the increase in Ci could only increase Asat by up to 13%. Increased Rubisco activity was associated with a partial alleviation of leaf water stress. We observed a 68% increase in leaf water potential of grazed plants that could be attributed to reduced leaf area index and canopy evaporative demand, as well as to increased rainfall infiltration into soil. The grazing of rain-fed grain cereals may be tailored to relieve plant water stress and enhance leaf photosynthesis.

Determination of critical nitrogen concentration and dilution curve based on leaf area index for summer maize

2018 ◽  
Vol 228 ◽  
pp. 195-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Zhao ◽  
Syed Tahir Ata-Ul-Karim ◽  
Aiwang Duan ◽  
Zhandong Liu ◽  
Xiaolong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Dilution Curve ◽  
Summer Maize ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Critical Nitrogen Concentration

Effects of repeated fertilization on needle longevity, foliar nutrition, effective leaf area index, and growth characteristics of lodgepole pine in interior British Columbia, Canada

2005 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 440-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac G Amponsah ◽  
Philip G Comeau ◽  
Robert P Brockley ◽  
Victor J Lieffers
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Needle Longevity ◽  
Effective Leaf Area Index

We investigated the effects of repeated fertilization (either periodically every 6 years or annual fertilization) on needle longevity and growth response in two juvenile lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl. var. latifolia Engelm.) stands in the interior of British Columbia, Canada. Annual fertilization decreased needle longevity by 23% at the Kenneth Creek site and by 30% at Sheridan Creek, compared with the control treatments at each site. At Sheridan, repeated fertilization significantly increased effective leaf area index, foliated shoot length, and annual shoot growth. However, none of these variables was significantly altered by repeated fertilization at Kenneth. At both locations, fertilization elevated nutrient concentrations in the current year's foliage. Annual fertilization increased nitrogen concentration in mid-crown branches of retained cohorts (1998–2002) at both study sites. Furthermore, annual nitrogen addition apparently induced or exacerbated copper and iron deficiency in these stands, especially at Kenneth Creek, which may be related to the premature loss of foliage. Nutrient imbalance may also be related to poor effective leaf area index and growth response at Kenneth Creek. Stem growth efficiency declined with annual fertilization at Kenneth Creek because of accelerated turnover of needles, increased allocation of growth to branches, and probably reduced photosynthetic capacity.

Divergence in plant water-use strategies in semiarid woody species

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (11) ◽  
pp. 1134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachael H. Nolan ◽  
Kendal A. Fairweather ◽  
Tonantzin Tarin ◽  
Nadia S. Santini ◽  
James Cleverly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Leaf Water Potential ◽  
Specific Leaf Area ◽  
Osmotic Potential ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Stomatal Closure ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Leaf Water Status

Partitioning of water resources amongst plant species within a single climate envelope is possible if the species differ in key hydraulic traits. We examined 11 bivariate trait relationships across nine woody species found in the Ti-Tree basin of central Australia. We found that species with limited access to soil moisture, evidenced by low pre-dawn leaf water potential, displayed anisohydric behaviour (e.g. large seasonal fluctuations in minimum leaf water potential), had greater sapwood density and lower osmotic potential at full turgor. Osmotic potential at full turgor was positively correlated with the leaf water potential at turgor loss, which was, in turn, positively correlated with the water potential at incipient stomatal closure. We also observed divergent behaviour in two species of Mulga, a complex of closely related Acacia species which range from tall shrubs to low trees and dominate large areas of arid and semiarid Australia. These Mulga species had much lower minimum leaf water potentials and lower specific leaf area compared with the other seven species. Finally, one species, Hakea macrocarpa A.Cunn ex.R.Br., had traits that may allow it to tolerate seasonal dryness (through possession of small specific leaf area and cavitation resistant xylem) despite exhibiting cellular water relations that were similar to groundwater-dependent species. We conclude that traits related to water transport and leaf water status differ across species that experience differences in soil water availability and that this enables a diversity of species to exist in this low rainfall environment.

Increases in leaf nitrogen concentration and leaf area did not enhance spur survival and return bloom in almonds (Prunus dulcis [Mill.] DA Webb)

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Saa ◽  
Eduardo Fernández ◽  
Saiful Muhammad ◽  
Andres Olivos-Del Río ◽  
Theodore M. DeJong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Prunus Dulcis ◽  
Leaf Nitrogen ◽  
Leaf Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Return Bloom

Response of leaf water status, stomatal characteristics, photosynthesis and yield in black gram and green gram genotypes to soil water deficit

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (10) ◽  
pp. 1010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhaswatee Baroowa ◽  
Nirmali Gogoi ◽  
Sreyashi Paul ◽  
Kushal Kumar Baruah
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Green Gram ◽  
Black Gram ◽  
Leaf Water Status ◽  
Stomatal Characteristics ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll

Drought is one of the most important abiotic stresses constraining crop productivity worldwide. The objective of the present study was to investigate the differences in drought tolerance at leaf and stomatal level of black gram (genotypes: T9, KU 301, PU 19, USJD 113) and green gram (genotypes: Pratap, SG 21–5, SGC 16, TMB 37). Drought was applied for fifteen consecutive days at flowering stage (35 days after sowing). Mid-day leaf water potential (ΨL), leaf area, photosynthesis rate (PN), leaf chlorophyll, stomatal conductance (gs) and seed yield of drought- treated plants were calculated relative to those of well watered plants. Stomatal characteristics were observed in terms of stomatal frequency (SF) and stomatal aperture size (SA). Among the studied genotypes, T9 (black gram) and Pratap (green gram) proved their better tolerance capacity to drought by maintaining higher leaf area, ΨL, PN, leaf chlorophyll, gs and SA which contributed to better seed yield. Between the two crops, green gram appeared to be affected to a greater extent, as it experienced higher reduction in yield than black gram. A highly significant positive correlation (level 0.01) of seed yield was obtained with leaf area, ΨL, PN, leaf chlorophyll, gs and SA, whereas SF was found to be poorly correlated with seed yield.

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