Infrared DIAL system for remote sensing of hazardous chemical agents

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktoras V. Vaicikauskas ◽  
Vidmantas Kabelka ◽  
Zenonas Kuprionis ◽  
Vitas Svedas ◽  
M. Kaucikas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Hazardous Chemical ◽  
Chemical Agents

Mid-infrared all solid state DIAL for remote sensing of hazardous chemical agents

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Vaicikauskas ◽  
Z. Kuprionis ◽  
M. Kaucikas ◽  
V. Svedas ◽  
V. Kabelka
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Mid Infrared ◽  
Hazardous Chemical ◽  
Chemical Agents

scholarly journals Remote sensing of chemical agents within nuclear facilities using Raman spectroscopy

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (12) ◽  
pp. 2543-2551
Author(s):  
Michael Foster ◽  
Michael Wharton ◽  
William Brooks ◽  
Matthew Goundry ◽  
Charles Warren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Nuclear Facilities ◽  
Chemical Agents

scholarly journals Homogenisation problems in reactive decontamination

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 782-805
Author(s):  
E. LUCKINS ◽  
C. J. W. BREWARD ◽  
I. M. GRIFFITHS ◽  
Z. WILMOTT
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Diffusion ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Chemical Weapon ◽  
Pore Scale ◽  
Hazardous Chemical ◽  
Chemical Agents ◽  
Reaction Diffusion Model ◽  
Microscale Model ◽  
Spatial Boundary ◽  
Pore Scale Model

The decontamination of hazardous chemical agents from porous media is an important and critical part of the clean-up operation following a chemical weapon attack. Decontamination is often achieved through the application of a cleanser, which reacts on contact with an agent to neutralise it. While it is relatively straightforward to write down a model that describes the interplay of the agent and cleanser on the scale of the pores in the porous medium, it is computationally expensive to solve such a model over realistic spill sizes.In this paper, we consider the homogenisation of a pore-scale model for the interplay between agent and cleanser, with the aim of generating simplified models that can be solved more easily on the spill scale but accurately capture the microscale structure and chemical activity. We consider two situations: one in which the agent completely fills local porespaces and one in which it does not. In the case when the agent does not completely fill the porespace, we use established homogenisation techniques to systematically derive a reaction–diffusion model for the macroscale concentration of cleanser. However, in the case where the agent completely fills the porespace, the homogenisation procedure is more in-depth and involves a two-timescale approach coupled with a spatial boundary layer. The resulting homogenised model closely resembles the microscale model with the effect of the porous material being incorporated into the parameters. The two models cater for two different spill scenarios and provide the foundation for further study of reactive decontamination.

The project TELEMACO: detection, identification and concentration measurements of hazardous chemical agents

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (03) ◽  
pp. C03004-C03004 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Rossi ◽  
J.-F. Ciparisse ◽  
M. Gelfusa ◽  
A. Malizia ◽  
P. Gaudio
Keyword(s):  
Hazardous Chemical ◽  
Chemical Agents ◽  
Concentration Measurements

Effect of Acetone and Kerosene on Skin Ultrastructure

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 92-93
Author(s):  
A. P. Lupulescu ◽  
H. Pinkus ◽  
D. J. Birmingham
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Human Epidermis ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Chemical Agents ◽  
Skin Ultrastructure ◽  
Volar Surface

Our laboratory is engaged in the study of the effect of different chemical agents on human skin, using electron microscopy. Previous investigations revealed that topical use of a strong alkali (NaOH 1N) or acid (HCl 1N), induces ultrastructural changes in the upper layers of human epidermis. In the current experiments, acetone and kerosene, which are primarily lipid solvents, were topically used on the volar surface of the forearm of Caucasian and Negro volunteers. Skin specimens were bioptically removed after 90 min. exposure and 72. hours later, fixed in 3% buffered glutaraldehyde, postfixed in 1% phosphate osmium tetroxide, then flat embedded in Epon.

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