Remote sensing estimating net primary productivity of temperate deciduous forest in Northeast China using satellite data: approach and preliminary results

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaozong Xia ◽  
Liya Xiong ◽  
Dafang Zhuang
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Satellite Data ◽  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Net Primary Productivity ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Temperate Deciduous Forest ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Temperate Deciduous

scholarly journals Carbon dioxide fluxes over an ancient broadleaved deciduous woodland in southern England

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1595-1613 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. V. Thomas ◽  
Y. Malhi ◽  
K. M. Fenn ◽  
J. B. Fisher ◽  
M. D. Morecroft ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Net Primary Productivity ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Carbon Sink ◽  
Ecosystem Respiration ◽  
Flux Chamber ◽  
Southern England ◽  
Temperate Deciduous

Abstract. We present results from a study of canopy-atmosphere fluxes of carbon dioxide from 2007 to 2009 above a site in Wytham Woods, an ancient temperate broadleaved deciduous forest in southern England. Gap-filled net ecosystem exchange (NEE) data were partitioned into gross primary productivity (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (Re) and analysed on daily, monthly and annual timescales. Over the continuous 24 month study period annual GPP was estimated to be 21.1 Mg C ha−1 yr−1 and Re to be 19.8 Mg C ha−1 yr−1; net ecosystem productivity (NEP) was 1.2 Mg C ha−1 yr−1. These estimates were compared with independent bottom-up estimates derived from net primary productivity (NPP) and flux chamber measurements recorded at a plot within the flux footprint in 2008 (GPP = 26.5 ± 6.8 Mg C ha−1 yr−1, Re = 24.8 ± 6.8 Mg C ha−1 yr−1, biomass increment = ~1.7 Mg C ha−1 yr−1). Over the two years the difference in seasonal NEP was predominantly caused by changes in ecosystem respiration, whereas GPP remained similar for equivalent months in different years. Although solar radiation was the largest influence on daily values of CO2 fluxes (R2 = 0.53 for the summer months for a linear regression), variation in Re appeared to be driven by temperature. Our findings suggest that this ancient woodland site is currently a substantial sink for carbon, resulting from continued growth that is probably a legacy of past management practices abandoned over 40 years ago. Our GPP and Re values are generally higher than other broadleaved temperate deciduous woodlands and may represent the influence of the UK's maritime climate, or the particular species composition of this site. The carbon sink value of Wytham Woods supports the protection and management of temperate deciduous woodlands (including those managed for conservation rather than silvicultural objectives) as a strategy to mitigate atmospheric carbon dioxide increases.

Temperate Deciduous Forests

Ecology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank S. Gilliam
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Forests ◽  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Net Primary Productivity ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Deciduous Forests ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Temperate Deciduous Forest ◽  
Temperate Deciduous ◽  
Temperate Deciduous Forests

Given the global distribution of human populations and their coincidence with temperate deciduous forests, it is likely that when most people consider the term “forest,” what comes to mind most frequently is the temperate deciduous forest biome. Although not to the level of their tropical counterparts, temperate deciduous forests typically display high plant biodiversity and rates of net primary productivity. They contrast sharply, however, with tropical forests in the distribution of biodiversity and productivity. In tropical forests, greatest plant diversity is associated with the vegetation of greatest productivity—trees. By contrast, the greatest plant diversity—up to 90 percent—in temperate deciduous forests occurs among the plants of least physical stature: the herbaceous species. Given the close association between these forests and their use by human populations, whether for food, fiber, habitat, or recreation, it is not surprising that they have been well studied, particularly in North America, and thus have a rich literature going back many years. However, for the very reason of that intensive use, temperate deciduous forests have proved to be an ecological moving target, as timber harvesting, air pollution, and introduced pests (e.g., insects and parasites) have represented a chronic assault on the structure and function of these ecosystems.

scholarly journals Measuring Vegetation Phenology with Near-Surface Remote Sensing in a Temperate Deciduous Forest: Effects of Sensor Type and Deployment

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Liu ◽  
Xingchang Wang ◽  
Chuankuan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Inclination Angle ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
In Situ Monitoring ◽  
Temperate Deciduous Forest ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
The North ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Temperate Deciduous

Near-surface remote sensing is an effective tool for in situ monitoring of canopy phenology, but the uncertainties involved in sensor-types and their deployments are rarely explored. We comprehensively compared three types of sensor (i.e., digital camera, spectroradiometer, and routine radiometer) at different inclination- and azimuth-angles in monitoring canopy phenology of a temperate deciduous forest in Northeast China for three years. The results showed that the greater contribution of understory advanced the middle of spring (MOS) for large inclination-angle of camera and spectroradiometer. The length of growing season estimated by camera from the east direction extended 11 d than that from the north direction in 2015 due to the spatial heterogeneity, but there was no significant difference in 2016 and 2018.The difference infield of view of sensors caused the MOS and the middle of fall, estimated by camera, to lag a week behind those by spectroradiometer and routine radiometer. Overall, the effect of azimuth-angle was greater than that of inclination-angle or sensor-type. Our assessments of the sensor types and their deployments are critical for the long-term accurate monitoring of phenology at the site scale and the regional/global-integration of canopy phenology data.

scholarly journals Quantification and uncertainty of root growth stimulation by elevated CO2 in mature temperate deciduous forest

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare Ziegler ◽  
Aleksandra Kulawska ◽  
Angeliki Kourmouli ◽  
Liz Hamilton ◽  
Zongbo Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Net Primary Productivity ◽  
Fine Root ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Root Production ◽  
Causal Mechanism ◽  
Physical Analysis ◽  
Soil Cores ◽  
Temperate Deciduous Forest ◽  
Temperate Deciduous

AbstractIncreasing CO2 levels are a major global challenge, and the extent to which increasing anthropogenic CO2 emissions can be mitigated by natural carbon sinks remains poorly understood. The uptake of elevated CO2 (eCO2) by the terrestrial biosphere, and subsequent sequestration as biomass in ecosystems, may act as a negative feedback in the carbon budget, but remains hard to quantify in natural ecosystems. Here, we combine large-scale field observations of fine root stocks and flows, derived from belowground imaging and soil cores, with image analysis, stochastic modelling, and statistical inference, to elucidate belowground root dynamics in a mature temperate deciduous forest under free-air CO2 enrichment to 150ppm above ambient levels. Using over 67k frames of belowground observation, we observe that eCO2 leads to relatively faster root production (a peak volume fold change of 4.52 ± 0.44 eCO2 versus 2.58 ± 0.21 control). We identify an increase in existing root elongation relative to root mass decay as the likely causal mechanism for this acceleration. Direct physical analysis of biomass and width measurements from 552 root systems recovered from soil cores support this picture, with lengths and widths of fine roots significantly increasing under eCO2. We use dynamic measurements to estimate fine root contributions to net primary productivity, finding an increase under eCO2, with an estimated mean annual 204 ± 93 g dw m−2yr−1 eCO2 versus 140 ± 60 g dw m−2 yr−1 control. We also quantify and discuss the uncertainties in such productivity measurements. This multi-faceted approach thus sheds quantitative light on the challenging characterisation of the eCO2 response of root biomass in mature temperate forests.

scholarly journals Carbon dioxide fluxes over an ancient broadleaved deciduous woodland in southern England

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 3765-3814 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. V. Thomas ◽  
Y. Malhi ◽  
K. M. Fenn ◽  
J. B. Fisher ◽  
M. D. Morecroft ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Net Primary Productivity ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Carbon Sink ◽  
Ecosystem Respiration ◽  
Flux Chamber ◽  
Southern England ◽  
Temperate Deciduous

Abstract. We present results from a study of canopy-atmosphere fluxes of carbon dioxide from 2007 to 2009 above a site in Wytham Woods, an ancient temperate broadleaved deciduous forest in southern England. Gap-filled Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) data were partitioned into Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (Re) and analysed on daily, monthly and annual timescales. Over the continuous 24 month study period annual GPP was estimated at 21.1 Mg C ha−1 yr−1 and Re at 19.8 Mg C ha−1 yr−1; Net Ecosystem Productivity (NEP) was 1.2 Mg C ha−1 yr−1. These estimates are very consistent with independent bottom-up estimates derived from Net Primary Productivity (NPP) and flux chamber measurements in 2008 (GPP=20.3±1.0 Mg C ha−1 yr−1, Re=18.9±1.7 Mg C ha−1 yr−1, biomass increment =~1.4 Mg C ha−1 yr−1). Interannual variability of seasonal NEP was predominantly driven by changes in ecosystem respiration, whereas GPP remained similar for equivalent months in different years. Although solar radiation was the largest influence on daytime CO2 fluxes (R2=0.53 for the summer months), interannual variation in Re appeared to be driven by temperature. Our findings suggest that this ancient woodland site is currently a substantial sink for carbon, resulting from continued growth that is probably a legacy of past management practices abandoned over 40 years ago. Our GPP and Re values are generally higher than other broadleaved temperate deciduous woodlands and may represent the influence of the UK's maritime climate, or the particular species composition of this site. The carbon sink value of Wytham Woods supports the protection and management of temperate deciduous woodlands (including those managed for conservation rather than silvicultural objectives) as a strategy to mitigate atmospheric carbon dioxide increases.

scholarly journals Can vegetation index track the interannual variation in gross primary production of temperate deciduous forests?

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Liu ◽  
Chuankuan Wang ◽  
Xingchang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Primary Production ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Gross Primary Production ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Temperate Deciduous Forest ◽  
Near Infrared Reflectance ◽  
Modis Ndvi ◽  
Temperate Deciduous

Abstract Background Vegetation indices (VIs) by remote sensing are widely used as simple proxies of the gross primary production (GPP) of vegetation, but their performances in capturing the inter-annual variation (IAV) in GPP remain uncertain. Methods We evaluated the performances of various VIs in tracking the IAV in GPP estimated by eddy covariance in a temperate deciduous forest of Northeast China. The VIs assessed included the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), the enhanced vegetation index (EVI), and the near-infrared reflectance of vegetation (NIRv) obtained from tower-radiometers (broadband) and the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), respectively. Results We found that 25%–35% amplitude of the broadband EVI tracked the start of growing season derived by GPP (R2: 0.56–0.60, bias < 4 d), while 45% (or 50%) amplitudes of broadband (or MODIS) NDVI represented the end of growing season estimated by GPP (R2: 0.58–0.67, bias < 3 d). However, all the VIs failed to characterize the summer peaks of GPP. The growing-season integrals but not averaged values of the broadband NDVI, MODIS NIRv and EVI were robust surrogates of the IAV in GPP (R2: 0.40–0.67). Conclusion These findings illustrate that specific VIs are effective only to capture the GPP phenology but not the GPP peak, while the integral VIs have the potential to mirror the IAV in GPP.

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